Manual on Design Guidelines and Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction in Pierce County Prepared by Office of the County Engineer Effective date February 1, 2011 Exhibit F to Ordinance No. 2010-70s Exhibit F to Ordinance No. 2010-70s Manual on Design Guidelines and Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction in Pierce County Prepared by Office of the County Engineer February 1, 2011 Exhibit F to Ordinance No. 2010-70s Acknowledgments Pierce County Executive Pat McCarthy Pierce County Council Roger Bush, Council Chair, District #3 Shawn Bunney, Councilmember, District #1 Joyce McDonald, Councilmember, District #2 Timothy M. Farrell, Councilmember, District #4 Barbara Gelman, Councilmember, District #5 Dick Muri, Councilmember, District #6 Terry Lee, Councilmember, District #7 Pierce County Planning Commission Malcolm Russell, Chair, District #6 Gerald Gustafson, District #1 Richard Carkner, District #2 Richard Thurston, District #3 Jessyn Farrell, District #4 Claudia Finseth, District #5 Andy Markos, District #6 Pierce County Public Works & Utilities Brian Ziegler, P.E., Director Brian Stacy, P.E., County Engineer Pierce County Contributing Staff External Stakeholders Group Rory Grindley, P.E., Traffic Engineer Member & Affiliation James Ellison, P.E., Traffic Engineer Elliott Barnet, City of Tacoma Mitchell Brells, P.E., Engineering Manager Rick Brunaugh, Uniland Ramiro Chavez, P.E., Engineering Manager John R. Caris, Terra NW Engineers, Inc. Jerry Bryant, P.E., Engineering Manager Scott Danielson, JKA Dawn Anderson, CE 2 Craig Deaver, C.E.S. NW Inc Paul Barber, CE 2 Damon Derosa, LeRoy & Associates Jeff Kidston, CE 2 Paul Green, Azure Green Consultants Dave Peterson, CE 2 Rich Larson, Larson & Associates Lynn Ross, P.E. William Lynn, Gordon, Thomas, Honeywell Jeff Sharp, CE 2 Corey Maki, WestSound Engineering Ken Cook, P.E. Mark Palmer, KPFF Consulting Engineers Pat Baughman, P.E., P.M.P. Tiffany Speir, Master Builders Association Kraig Shaner, P.E. Jeff Sutton, Apex Engineering Jackie Spears, P.E. Douglas Tooley, Resident Sean Gaffney, Principal Planner Kurt Wilson, Soundbuilt Deirdre Wilson, Senior Planner Janice Brevik, Admin. Svcs. Supervisor Linda Lyman, Office Assistant Exhibit F to Ordinance No. 2010-70s TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 - Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1 1-1 Authority for Document ................................................................................................... 1 1-2 Changes to the Manual..................................................................................................... 1 1-3 General ............................................................................................................................. 1 1-4 Relationship to Other Documents .................................................................................... 3 1-5 Deviation from Manual .................................................................................................... 4 1-6 Legal References .............................................................................................................. 5 Chapter 2 - Design Control ............................................................................................................. 7 2-1 Layout .............................................................................................................................. 7 2-1.1 Functional Classification. ......................................................................................... 7 2-1.2 Functional Classification System. ............................................................................. 7 2-1.3 Functional Classification Definitions. ...................................................................... 8 2-1.3.1 Major Arterials. ..................................................................................................... 8 2-1.3.2 Secondary Arterials. .............................................................................................. 8 2-1.3.3 Collector Arterials. ................................................................................................ 9 2-1.3.4 Local Road System. ............................................................................................... 9 2-1.3.5 Alley and Shared-Access Facility. ....................................................................... 10 2-1.4 Subdivision Road and Access Layout. ....................................................................... 13 2-1.5 Connectivity................................................................................................................ 13 2-1.6 Temporary Cul-de-sac. ............................................................................................... 15 2-1.7 Small Lot Roads. ........................................................................................................ 16 2-2 Right-of-Way and Easements ........................................................................................ 16 2-2.1 Roads. ......................................................................................................................... 16 2-2.2 Projects with Frontage on County Right-of-Way. ...................................................... 17 2-2.3 Conveyance. ............................................................................................................... 17 2-3 Design Vehicle ............................................................................................................... 17 2-4 Design Speed ................................................................................................................. 18 2-5 Traffic Characteristics .................................................................................................... 19 2-5.1 Trip Generation. .......................................................................................................... 19 2-5.2 Design Volumes. ........................................................................................................ 19 2-5.3 Capacity--Level of Services. ...................................................................................... 19 2-5.4 Truck Facilities. .......................................................................................................... 19 Chapter 3 - Roadway Geometrics ................................................................................................. 21 3-1 Sight Distance ................................................................................................................ 21 3-2 Horizontal ...................................................................................................................... 23 3-3 Vertical ........................................................................................................................... 24 3-3.1 Grade. ......................................................................................................................... 24 3-4 Curves ............................................................................................................................ 25 3-5 Roadway Widening and Overlay ................................................................................... 25 i Exhibit F to Ordinance No. 2010-70s Chapter 4 - Roadway Elements ..................................................................................................... 27 4-1 Drainage ......................................................................................................................... 27 4-2 Utilities ........................................................................................................................... 27 4-3 Pavement ........................................................................................................................ 28 4-4 Lane Widths ................................................................................................................... 28 4-5 Shoulders........................................................................................................................ 30 4-6 Curbs .............................................................................................................................. 30 4-7 Pedestrian and Bicycle Facilities ................................................................................... 31 4-7.1 Sidewalks. ................................................................................................................... 31 4-7.2 Walkways. .................................................................................................................. 31 4-7.3 Shared-Use Paths. ....................................................................................................... 31 4-8 Buffers and Medians ...................................................................................................... 32 4-9 Clear Areas ..................................................................................................................... 32 4-10 Roadside Control ........................................................................................................... 33 4-10.1 Cut/Fill Slopes. ......................................................................................................... 33 4-10.2 Mailboxes. ................................................................................................................ 33 4-10.3 Landscaping. ............................................................................................................