TurkJBot 27(2003)447-452 ©TÜB‹TAK ResearchArticle TaxonomyandConservationStatusof Acantholimonlaxiflorum Boiss.exBunge(Plumbaginaceae) MusaDO⁄AN MiddleEastTechnicalUniversity,DepartmentofBiology,06531Ankara-TURKEY HayriDUMAN GaziUniversity,FacultyofScienceandArts,DepartmentofBiology,06500Ankara-TURKEY GalipAKAYDIN HacettepeUniversity,FacultyofEducation,DepartmentofBiology,06532Ankara-TURKEY Received:08.10.2002 Accepted:02.05.2003 Abstract: Acantholimonlaxiflorum Boiss.exBunge(Plumbaginaceae),alocalendemicspeciesinTurkey,wassubjectedtotaxonomic analysisinordertoclarifyitstaxonomicstatus,becausethisspeciesseemstohavebeenwronglytreatedandoverlookedsinceitwas firstdescribedbyBoissier.ThespeciesisrestrictedtotheeastofArsuz(C5Hatay,Turkey)alongdryriverbank,whereitgr owsin rockyplacesonserpentinerocks.Afulldescriptionandanillustrationofthespeciesaregiven,alongwithsomeadditional informationdealingwithitsecology,phytogeographyandconservationstatus. KeyWords: Acantholimon,Plumbaginaceae,Taxonomy,Conservation. Acantholimonlaxiflorum Boiss.exBunge(Plumbaginaceae)Türünün TaksonomisiveKorunmaStatüsü Özet: Türkiye’delokalbirendemiktürolan Acantholimonlaxiflorum Boiss.exBunge(Plumbaginaceae)’untaksonomikstatüsünün anlafl›labilmesiiçindetayl›taksonomikanalizleryap›lm›flt›r.Butürün,E.Boissiertaraf›ndantan›mland›ktansonrayanl›fl de¤erlendirildi¤igörülmektedir.Arsuz’un(C5Hatay,Türkiye)do¤usunda,kurudereyataklar›boyunca,serpantinkayal›klarüzerinde yetiflenbutürünayr›nt›l›tan›m›veçizimiyan›ndaekolojisivefitoco¤rafyas›ilekorunmastatüsühakk›ndadabilgilerverilm ifltir. AnahtarSözcükler: Acantholimon,Plumbaginaceae,Taksonomi,Korunma Introduction Acantholimon speciesfoundinTurkeyintothree ThegenusAcantholimon Boiss.wasfirstdescribedby sections: Acantholimon, Tragacanthina Bungeand Boissier(1879)inhis FloraOrientalis ,inwhichhe Staticopsis Boiss.Onecaneasilyrecognisethemembers recognised74species.Thisgenusismainlydistributed ofsect.Tragacanthina bytheirheteromorphicleaves,lax fromSouthEastEuropetoCentralAsia,andsomespecies inflorescenseandtubularcalyx.Thissectionincludesonly arealsofoundinSouthAmerica.Thegenusisof twocloselyrelatedspecies, A.curviflorum BungeandA. considerableornamentalimportance,withattractive quinquelobum Bunge,inTurkey,althoughmorespecies long-lastingflowers.InTurkey,thefirstrevisionof arepresentinothercountries.Insect. Acantholimon, Acantholimon wascarriedoutbyBokhari&Edmondson inflorescenceiscapitate,theleavesareheteromorphic (1982)inDavis’ FloraofTurkeyandtheEastAegean andthespikeletsare(1-)2-5floweredand2-6bracteate. Islands,inwhichtheyrecognised25speciesandindicated Thissectioncovers A.bracteatum (Girard)Boiss.and A. thepossibilityoffindingadditionalspecies,either petuniiflorum Mobayen.Insect. Staticopsis,theleaves imperfectlyknown(twospecies)ofdoubtfullyrecorded aremonomorphicandtheinflorescenceisasimpleor (ninespecies),fromTurkey.Theyplacedallthe branchedspike.Thelattersectioncoverstheremaining 447 TaxonomyandConservationStatusof Acantholimonlaxiflorum Boiss.exBunge(Plumbaginaceae) speciesintheFlora.Thesectionwasfurtherdividedinto atherbariainAnkara(ANK,GAZI,ISTFandHUB),were threesubsections: Caryophyllacea Bunge(including A. alsoexaminedforthesamepurpose. venustum Boiss., A.halophilum Bokhari, A.acerosum WhenDo¤anexaminedthetypesofBoissierkeptat (Willd.)Boiss., A.caryophyllaceum Boiss., A.armenum Geneva(G)inApril2002,hestudiedtheholotypeof Boiss.&Huet, A.kotschyii (Jaub.&Spach)Boiss., A. Acantholimonlaxiflorum Boiss.exBunge,whichwas confertiflorum Bokhari,A.dianthifolium Bokhariand A. collectedfromArsuzin1862byKotschy(nr.128).This libanoticum Boiss.),MicrocalycinaBunge(including A. matchesthespecimensofH.Dumanperfectly.Themain spirizianum Mobayen)andAndrosaceaBunge(including objectiveofthisstudyistoclarifythetaxonomicand A.glumaceum (Jaub.&Spach)Boiss., A.caesareum conservationstatusof A.laxiflorum andtoprovidea Boiss.&Ball, A.huetii Boiss., A.calvertii Boiss., A. detaileddescriptionandanillustrationoftheplant(Fig. hypochaerum Bokhari, A.puberulum Boiss.&Ball, A. 1).TheauthorabbreviationsfollowBrummittandPowell reflexifolium Bokhari, A.ulicinum (Willd.exSchultes) (1992). Boiss., A.damassanum Mobayen, A.saxifragiforme [Hausskn.&Sint.ex]Bokhariand A.strigillosum Acantholimonlaxiflorum Boiss.exBunge,inMém. Bokhari).Muvaffaketal.(2001)conductedataxonomic Acad.Sci.Pétersb.ser.7,18:28(1872)! studyonthe Acantholimon speciesfoundinAnkara Syn. A.venustum Boiss.var. laxiflorum (Boiss.ex provinceandgroupedthemintothreesubsections: Bunge)BokhariinNotesR.B.G.Edinb.32:70(1972) Caryophyllacea,Halophiliacea Muvaffak&Do¤anand [sect. Staticopsis Boiss.-subsect. Caryophyllacea Androsacea ofsect. Staticopsis.Oneofthese,subsect. Bunge](Figures1,2.) Halophiliacea,wasdescribedforthefirsttimeonthe basisoftheevidenceobtainedbymeansofnumerical Laxlypulvinate,glaucous-greenshrublet;baseof taxonomy. previousleavespersistent,circinnate.Leavesgreento glaucous-green,linear-triquetrous,subulate,18-65x1- Sincethesummerof2000,andforathree-year 1.5(-2)mm,marginsscabrid,narrowhyalineonlower period,arevisionalstudyofthegenus Acantholimon has parts,withyellowishspinytipto1.5mm.Scapessimple, beencarriedoutinTurkeybyM.Do¤anandG.Akayd›n, 18-38cm,distinctlylongerthanleaves,glabrous.Spikes whohavecollectedalargenumberofspecimens. simple,laxlydistichous,15-30cm.Spikelets16-36,1- Examinationofthesespecimenshasrevealedfivenew flowered,13-15mm,shorterthaninternodesinlower species:Acantholimon birandii (Do¤an&Akayd›n,2001), part,equalorlongerthaninupperpart.Outerbract A.avanosicum (Do¤an&Akayd›n,2002a), A. distinctlyshorterthaninnerbracts,herbaceous,ovate- karamanicum (Akayd›n&Do¤an,2002), A.anatolicum triangular,6-8mm,withnarrowhyalinemargin, (Do¤an&Akayd›n,2002b)and A.yildizelicum (Akayd›n, acuminate,shortlycuspidate,glabrous;innerbracts9-11 2002). mm,oblong-lanceolate,withbroadhyalinemargins, InAugust2000,H.Dumancollectedafew acuminate-cuspidate,longeronespilose,shorter Acantholimon specimensfromArsuzprovinceinHatay glabrous.Calyxinfundibular,11-14mm,sparselypilose (C5,sensuDavis1965)duringanexcursiontocollect ontube(especiallyonveins);limbbrownishorrarely fruiting Sideritislibanonica Labill.Afteraclose dirtywhite,10-lobed,lobestruncate-obtuse,margins examinationofthespecimensandconsultingontheir erose,c.8-9mmindiameter;veinsdarkbrown,not identitywithDo¤anandAkayd›n,additionalflowering excurrent,sparselypilosebelow,glabrousabove.Petals materialwascollectedfromtheareain2001.The pink. specimenswerealsocross-checkedwithvarious TYPE:[C5Hatay,Turkey]inglareosisfluviiNahr Acantholimon accountsgivenintherelevantflorasand SyadinfrapagumUrsusamontisAmani,Syriaebor., monographs,suchasFloraOrientalis(Boissier,1879), 200’,2.7.1862,Kotschy 128(G!). FloraIranica(Rechinger&Schiman-Czeika,1974),Flora Europaea(Tutinetal.,1972),FloraofUSSR(Linchevskii, Additionalspecimenexamined:C5Hatay:Arsuz, 1952),FloraofSyria,PalestineandSinai(Post,1933) Avc›larsuyuDeresi(NahrSyad),30m,onserpentine andDieGattung Acantholimon Boiss.(Bunge,1872). rocks,drystreamsides,lat36º22’58’’N,long Morespecimens,eithercollectedfromthefieldorstored 35º53’01’’E,9.8.2000, H.Duman 8422(Chorotype: 448 M. DO⁄AN,H.DUMAN,G.AKAYDIN DE FG BC 1cm 1cm A 1cm Figure1.Acantholimonlaxiflorum Boiss.A:habit,B:spikelet,C:calyx,D:bracts,E:outerbract,F:innerbract,G:outerandinnerbract. 449 TaxonomyandConservationStatusof Acantholimonlaxiflorum Boiss.exBunge(Plumbaginaceae) 123456789 42° A 40° B 38° C 0 100 200 36° 26° 28° 30° 32° 34° 36° 38° 40° 42° 44° Figure2.Distributionof(◆)Acantholimonlaxiflorum Boiss.inTurkey. GAZI).Ibid.23.6.2001, H.Duman 8588(Chorotype: laxiflorum withcircinnateleafbasesfromtheprevious GAZI,ANK,HUB).SouthAnatolia.Onlyknownfromthe year,wasgivenbyDo¤an&Akayd›n(2003). typelocality. EcologyandPhytogeography ResultandDiscussion Thesteno–endemicAcantholimonlaxiflorum isfound Sinceitsfirstpublication(Bunge,1872), onserpentinerocksalongthecoast,andsome Acantholimonlaxiflorum hasbeenrestudiedonlyby populationsareconfinedtodrystreambanksabove Bokhari&Edmondson(1982),whocombineditasa Arsuz,whereitgrowstogetherwithafewotherrare varietyunder A.venustum Boiss.andcitedanumberof species,suchas Sideritislibanotica Labill.subsp. specimensfromthegridsquaresB7,C2andC3in libanotica,Phlomisamanica Vierh.(localendemic), Turkey.Surprisinglydeviatingfromtheprotologue Stachysannua (L.)L., Saturejathymbra L., Thymus (whichrefersonlytotheKotschycollection),theyciteda cilicicus Boiss.&Ball(endemic), Anchusaaucheri DC., specimenfromElmal›(C2Antalya)collectedbyBourgeau Ankyropetalumarsusianum KotschyexBoiss.(local (no.295)asatypespecimen.Bourgeau’sspecimen endemic), Centaureaantiochia Boiss.var. antiochia seemstobealaxformofA.venustum withoutcircinnate (endemic), Phagnalongraecum Boiss.and Ptilostemon leafbases.Thisspeciesgrowsonrockyigneousslopes, diacantha (Labill.)Greutersubsp.turcicus Greuter.These limestonehills,mountainsteppe,and Pinus andmixed lowlandareasoftheAmonosMountainsfacingthe forestsathigheraltitudes(650-2350m).Bycontrast,A. MediterraneanSeaareratherinterestingbecausemany laxiflorum isalowlandendemicwhichgrowsinrocky Irano-TuranianandSaharo-Arabianelementsarealso placesonserpentinerocksatanaltitudeof30-60mand foundinhabitatsnexttocultivatedland.Thevegetation isrestrictedtotheArsuzareainHatay(typelocality). typesintheAmanosMountainshavebeenfully However,asindicatedinTable1,A.laxiflorum seems investigatedbyKehl(1998).Akman(1995)also tobequitedistinctfrom A.venustum aswellas A. providedagooddealofinformationabouttheplant calvertii withregardtoitsmorphological,ecologicaland associationsintheforestecosystemlyingslightlyhigher phytogeographicalproperties.Anidentificationkeyfor