" IITA CB"UNICATIBNS CBNCEPTS " ----- ---- .!.:S::§"fi:--- GC21-5169-4 BATA COIIUN/CAT/ONS CONCEPTS ----- - --- -------_.------- --- GC21·5169·4 Fifth Edition (September 1983) This major revision makes obsolete GC21-5169-3. Many changes and additions were made to this manual. Some of the changes include deletion of some systems and addition of other systems. Changes or additions to the text and illustrations are indicated by a vertical line to the left of the change or addition. This publication contains examples of data and reports used in daily business operations. To illustrate them as completely as possible, the examples include the names of individuals, companies, brands, and products. All of these names are fictitious and any similarity to the names and addresses used by an actual business enterprise is entirely coincidental. 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I ©Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 1977, 1978, 1982, 1983 Contents ABOUT THIS MANUAL . vii Binary Synchronous Communications 4-5 Purpose of this Manual vii BSC Data Link Control Characters 4-6 Organization of this Manual . vii Synchronous Data Link Control . 4-9 Control Field Format . 4-10 CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION TO DATA Controlling the Communications Link 4-12 COMMUNICATIONS . • . 1·1 Systems Network Architecture 4-16 What is Data Communications? ....... 1-1 Network Addressable Unit Services Manager . 4-17 What Are the Benefits of Data Communications? 1-1 Data Flow Control 4-17 What Are the Uses of Data Communications? . 1-2 Transmission Control 4-17 Data Entry, Inquiry, and Record Update 1-4 Path Control . 4-17 Remote Batch Entry . 1-6 Data Link Control. 4-18 Remote Job Entry . 1-7 Distributed Data Processing . 1-8 CHAPTER 6. COMMUNICATIONS ADAPTERS 6-1 Connecting IBM Equipment to the Communications CHAPTER 2. PARTS OF A DATA COMMUNICATIONS Line ....... 5-1 SYSTEM ..•. ; ....•..•.•.••. 2·1 EIA/CCITT Adapter. 5-1 Integrated Modems . 5-2 CHAPTER 3. COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS 3-1 Digital Data Service Adapter 5-3 Switched Lines . 3-4 The X.21 (Network Interface) Adapter 5-4 Nonswitched Lines . 3-4 The CCITT V.35 Interface Standard 5-5 Switched Versus Nonswitched Lines 3-5 X.25 .......... 5-6 Point-to-Point and Multipoint Lines 3-6 What is X.25? .... 5-6 Controlling the Devices on a Point-to-Point The Physical Connection . 5-7 Line .............. 3-7 The Link Protocol. 5-7 Controlling the Devices on a Multipoint The Packet Procedures . 5-7 Line .............. 3-10 Adapter Functions . 5-8 Point-to-Point Versus Multipoint Transmission 3-16 IBM Personal Computer Adapters 5-8 Time-Outs ........... 3-17 The SDLC Communications Adapter 5-9 Duplex and Half-Duplex Transmission 3-18 Binary Synchronous Communications Adapter 5-10 Transmission Methods . 3-20 The Asynchronous Communications Adapter . 5-11 Transmitting the Data . 3-20 Series/1 Controls and Adapters. 5-12 Transmission Efficiency 3-22 Binary Synchronous Communications Single-Line Buffers ...... 3-23 Control .................. 5-13 Modems ..... 3-25 Binary Synchronous Communications Single-Line Connecting an IBM Modem to a Communications Line 3-26 Control/High Speed ........... 5-14 Connecting a Modem to a Switched Line . 3-26 Binary Synchronous Communications Eight-Line Connecting a Modem to a Nonswitched Line . 3-28 Control ................. 5-14 Manual Call/Manual Answer Coupler 3-28 Binary Synchronous Communications Four-Line Autoanswer Coupler 3-28 Adapter .............. 5-15 Digital Data Networks . 3-28 Synchronous Data Link Single-Line Control 5-15 Digital Data Service Network. 3-28 Synchronous Communications Single-Line Connecting to Packet Switching Data Networks 3-29 Control/High Speed . 5-16 Packet Switching Data Networks . 3-30 Asynchronous Communications Single-Line What is a Packet Switching Network? . 3-30 Control .............. 5-17 Advantages of Using Packet Switching Networks 3-32 Asynchronous Communications Eight-Line Packet Switching Data Network Performance Control .............. Considerations . 3-32 Asynchronous Communications Four-Line How Does a Packet Switching Data Network Adapter ............. 5-18 Work? .............•... 3-33 Feature-Programmable Multiline Eight-Line Establishing a Communications Link in a Communications Feature . 5-18 Packet Switching Network. 3-34 Feature-Programmable Multiline Four-Line Communications Adapter Feature 5-19 CHAPTER 4. SYNCHRONIZATION AND DATA LINK Local Communications Controller . 5-19 CONTROL •..••......•...•....• 4-1 System/370 Channel Attachment .. 5-20 Asynchronous Data Link Communications .. 4-2 Automatic Call Originate Attachment Asynchronous Data Link Control Characters . 4-3 (RPQ 002013) ........ 5-20 Series/ 1-to-Series/ 1 Attachment (002241 and 002242) . 5-20 Contents iii Direct Binary Synchronous Communications Event Driven Executive . 7-29 Attach (RPQ 002349) . 5-20 Communications Facility II ., . 7-30 Asynchronous Terminal Eight-Line Adapter Series/1 Systems Network Architecture 7-31 RPQ 002350) . 5-21 Advanced Remote Job Entry . 7-32 Data Link Control Adapter (RPQ 8T1067) 5-21 System/370 Channel Attach Program 7-33 IBM System/23 Datamaster Adapter. 5-21 5230 Entry Station Direct Attach IBM System/34 Adapters ..... 5-22 Support ........... 7-33 Single-Line Communications Adapter 5-22 Yale ASCII Terminal Communications System 7-34 Multiline Communications Adapter . 5-23 Remote Manager . 7-35 IBM System/36 Adapters ..... 5-24 Series/1 Communications Controller for System/38 7-36 Single-Line Communications Adapter 5-24 Control Program Support . 7-36 Multiline Communications Adapter . 5-25 Remote Job Entry for Control Program IBM System/38 Adapters . .... 5-26 Support ........... 7-37 IBM 5230 Data Collection System Adapter 5-29 The IBM System/23 Datamaster .. 7-37 IBM 5280 Distributed Data System Adapter 5-30 Binary Synchronous Communications 7-38 Asynchronous Communications . 7-39 CHAPTER 6. TERMINALS 6-1 Interactive Communications . 7-39 The IBM Personal Computer ....... 6-3 Programmable Interface . 7-40 The IBM Office System 6 Information System 6-5 The IBM System/34 and IBM System/36 7-42 The IBM System/23 Datamaster ... 6-7 Batch Binary Synchronous Communications 7-43 The IBM 3101 Display Terminal ...... 6-8 System/34 MULTI-LEAVING (BSC) Remote Job The IBM 3270 Information Display System .. 6-9 Entry Utility. 7-45 The IBM 3600 Finance Communication System 6-10 System/34 SNA Remote Job Entry Utility ... 7-45 The IBM 3741 Data Station and the IBM 3741 System/36 Multiple Session Remote Job Entry .. 7-46 Programmable Work Station . 6-12 System/36 as a Remote Job Entry Work Station 7-46 The IBM 5230 Data Collection System .. 6-13 Example of How You Can Use MSRJE 7-47 The IBM 5250 Information Display System 6-14 Utilities Provided with MSRJE ..... 7-48 The IBM 5260 Retail System ..... 6-17 Host Subsystems Supported by MSRJE . 7-49 The IBM 5280 Distributed Data System 6-19 System/34 and System/36 Remote Work The IBM 5520 Administrative System 6-21 Station Support . 7-50 The IBM Displaywriter System 6-23 System/34 and System/36 System Support Program The IBM 6670 Information Distributor 6-26 Interactive Communications Feature . 7-51 System/34 and System/36 3270 Device CHAPTER 7. USING IBM SMALL AND INTERMEDIATE Emulation ............ 7-62 SYSTEMS WITH COMMUNICATIONS . .. 7-1 System/34 and System/36 Distributed Disk File IBM Personal Computer . 7-1 Facility ................. 7-65 The SNA 3270 Emulation and Remote Job The IBM System/38 ............. 7-66 Entry Program ............ 7-2 Host to Remote Work Station Using SNA/SDLC 7-67 The Personal Computer as a 3270 Emulator 7-2 System/38 as an SNA Terminal . 7-69 The Personal Computer as a Remote Job Entry System/38 Advanced Program-to-Program Terminal . 7-3 Communications. 7-71 3101 Emulator . 7-4 System/38 as a BSC Host ..... 7-73 The Binary Synchronous Communications 3270 System/38 as a Terminal to BSC Host 7-75 Emulation Program .......... 7-5 System/38 to BSC The Asynchronous Communications Support Systems-Application-Program-to-Application- Program . 7-6 Program~ .......... 7-77 The IBM Series/1 . 7-7 System/38 Remote Job Entry Facility 7-78 Series/1 Overview . 7-8 System/38 3270 Device Emulation 7-82 The Realtime Programming System 7-9 Device Emulation Interface. 7-82 I Communications Manager . 7 -12 Program Interface ...... 7-84 Systems Network Architecture Extended Support 7-19 Example of System/38 3270 Device Emulation. 7-84 Remote Management Utility . 7-19 Summary of 3270 Emulation Requirements and Programmable Communications Subsystem ,Capabilities . 7-86 Preparation Facility ......... 7-20 System/38 SNA Alerts ..... 7-87 Realtime Programming System Advanced The IBM 5230 Data Collection System 7-88 Remote Job Entry . 7-21 Data Collection System Support . 7-88 4987 Programmable Communications Subsystem 7-22 Online Data Collection and Inquiry 7-89 Programmable Communications Subsystem Extended The IBM 5260 Retail System .... 7-91 Execution Support. 7-23 The IBM 5280 Distributed Data System 7-93 System/370 Channel Attach Support 7-24 BSC Batch Transfer Utility . 7-94 Multiple Terminal Manager. 7-25 BSC Data Communications Utility.