Biodiversiteit Kunstmatig Hard Substraat in De Nederlandse Noordzee Vergelijking Met Natuurlijk Substraat

Biodiversiteit Kunstmatig Hard Substraat in De Nederlandse Noordzee Vergelijking Met Natuurlijk Substraat

Biodiversiteit kunstmatig hard substraat in de Nederlandse Noordzee vergelijking met natuurlijk substraat Godfried van Moorsel Biodiversiteit kunstmatig hard substraat in de Nederlandse Noordzee vergelijking met natuurlijk substraat 24 juni 2014 Godfried van Moorsel ecosub Postbus 126 3940 AC Doorn T 0343-477472 F 0343-477476 M 06-44546725 E [email protected] I www.ecosub.nl 2 Abstract Referentie Van Moorsel, G. 2014. Biodiversiteit kunstmatig hard substraat in de Nederlandse Noordzee, vergelijking met natuurlijk substraat. ecosub, Doorn. pp. 40, incl. 5 bijlagen. titel Biodiversiteit kunstmatig hard substraat in de Nederlandse Noordzee, vergelijking met natuurlijk substraat versie eindversie samensteller Dr G.W.N.M. van Moorsel opdrachtgever RWS Zee & Delta contactpersoon Drs W. Broeksma adres Rijswijk datum opdracht 26 februari 2014 projectnummer ecosub 13x15 afronding eindrapport 24 juli 2014 ecosub is niet aansprakelijk voor schade die ontstaat door toepassing van de inhoud van dit rapport Inhoud 1! Inleiding ................................................................................................................................. 5! 1.1! Aanleiding ..................................................................................................................................... 5! 1.2! Opdracht ........................................................................................................................................ 6! 1.3! Dankbetuiging ............................................................................................................................... 7! 2! Scope desk study .................................................................................................................... 8! 2.1! Locatie ........................................................................................................................................... 8! 2.2! Zonering ........................................................................................................................................ 8! 2.2.1! Getijdenzone ..................................................................................................................... 8! 2.2.2! Infralitoraal ....................................................................................................................... 8! 2.2.3! Circalitoraal ...................................................................................................................... 8! 2.3! Selectie soorten ............................................................................................................................. 9! 2.3.1! Epifauna ............................................................................................................................ 9! 2.3.2! Relatie met hard substraat ................................................................................................ 9! 2.3.3! Mobiliteit organismen van hard substraat ...................................................................... 11! 2.4! Publicaties en rapporten .............................................................................................................. 12! 2.4.1! Datering .......................................................................................................................... 12! 3! Materiaal en Methoden ........................................................................................................ 13! 3.1! Studies KHS ................................................................................................................................ 13! 3.2! Studies NHS ................................................................................................................................ 13! 3.2.1! Rotskusten ...................................................................................................................... 13! 3.2.2! Stenige gronden en grindbanken .................................................................................... 14! 3.3! Nomenclatuur .............................................................................................................................. 14! 3.4! Scores aantallen en bedekking .................................................................................................... 14! 3.5! Taxa op verschillend niveau ........................................................................................................ 15! 4! Resultaten ............................................................................................................................ 16! 4.1! Basissoortenlijst .......................................................................................................................... 16! 4.2! Soortenlijst circalitoraal hard substraat ....................................................................................... 16! 4.3! Rhodophyta ................................................................................................................................. 17! 4.4! Sponzen ....................................................................................................................................... 17! 4.5! Neteldieren .................................................................................................................................. 17! 4.5.1! Hydropoliepen ................................................................................................................ 17! 4.5.2! Zeeanemonen .................................................................................................................. 18! 4.5.3! Dodemansduim ............................................................................................................... 18! 4.6! Polychaeten ................................................................................................................................. 18! 4.7! Kreeftachtigen ............................................................................................................................. 18! 4.8! Weekdieren ................................................................................................................................. 19! 4.9! Mosdiertjes .................................................................................................................................. 19! 4.10! Stekelhuidigen ............................................................................................................................. 20! 4.11! Manteldieren ............................................................................................................................... 20! 4.12! Vissen .......................................................................................................................................... 20! 4.13! Overzicht ..................................................................................................................................... 21! 5! Discussie .............................................................................................................................. 22! 5.1.1! Verzamelmethode ........................................................................................................... 22! 5.1.2! Analyse ........................................................................................................................... 22! 5.2! Effect successie ........................................................................................................................... 23! 5.3! Effect onderzoeksperiode ............................................................................................................ 23! 5.3.1! Jaargetijde ....................................................................................................................... 23! 5.3.2! Jaar .................................................................................................................................. 23! 5.4! Effect stroming en watermassa's ................................................................................................. 24! 6! Conclusies en aanbevelingen ............................................................................................... 25! 6.1! Conclusies ................................................................................................................................... 25! 6.1.1! Soorten van hard substraat .............................................................................................. 25! 6.1.2! Vergelijking NHS en KHS ............................................................................................. 25! 6.1.3! Effect stroming en substraattype .................................................................................... 26! 6.1.4! Connectiviteit – stepping stones ..................................................................................... 27! 6.1.5! Exoten ............................................................................................................................. 27! 6.2! Aanbevelingen ............................................................................................................................. 27! 7! Bijlagen ................................................................................................................................ 33! 1 Inleiding 1.1 Aanleiding Door verschillende maatschappelijke partijen wordt de ecologische functie van kunstmatig hard substraat (KHS1) benadrukt, met name voor biodiversiteit. Het onderliggende belang loopt voor de verschillende

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