CRIMINAL YEAR SEMINAR April 16, 2021 April 15, 2016 Webinar US Supreme Court Law Update Prepared By: Robert McWhirter Certified Specialist in Criminal Law Distributed By: ARIZONA PROSECUTING ATTORNEYS' ADVISORY COUNCIL 3838 N. Central Ave., Suite 850 Phoenix, Arizona 85012 And CLE WEST 5130 N. Central Ave Phoenix, AZ 85012 LAW JOURNAL FOR SOCIAL JUSTICE SANDRA DAY O’CONNOR COLLEGE OF LAW ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY Volume 12 Fall 2019 CONTENTS The Kids Are Alt-Right: How Media and the Law Enable White Supremacist Groups to Recruit and Radicalize Emotionally Vulnerable Individuals ............................................................. Eleanor Boatman 2 The Root of the Problem: Enforcing the Voting Rights Act in Modern Settings ............................................................................. Paul Davis 62 “Baby Don’t Be Cruel:” The Non-Retributive Eighth Amendment Versus Vengeful Victims .......... Robert J. McWhirter & Jeremy L. Boggart 84 The Battle Between Schools’ Disciplinary Measures and Students’ State Constitutional Right to An Education: A Discussion on School Discipline and a Call for Reform ............................... Jose Cruz Zavala-Garcia 104 Law Journal for Social Justice is supported by the Sandra Day O’Connor College of Law at Arizona State University. The Law Journal for Social Justice mailing address is: Law Journal for Social Justice, 111 E. Taylor Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004. The Law Journal for Social Justice email address is: [email protected]. Subscription: Law Journal for Social Justice is an online journal. Editions are accessible through the URL: http://www.law.asu.edu/ljsj/, and http://www.ljsj.wordpress.com/journal Copyright: © Copyright 2019 by Law Journal for Social Justice. All rights reserved except as otherwise provided. Cite as 12 LAW J. SOC. JUST. __ (2019). LAW JOURNAL FOR SOCIAL JUSTICE SANDRA DAY O’CONNOR COLLEGE OF LAW ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY Volume 12 Fall 2019 2019-2020 EDITORIAL BOARD EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Ashley Fitzgibbons MANAGING EDITOR Christina Howden SENIOR ARTICLES EDITORS Erin Maher ONLINE MEDIA EDITOR Nicole Sordello SYMPOSIUM EDITOR Rachel Richman DIRECTOR OF BUSINESS AND EXTERNAL AFFAIRS Jorge Coss ARTICLES EDITORS Pablo Castellanos Lila Mayson Samuel Turner Zachary Weiss Caroline Witz ASSOCIATE EDITORS Annabelle Abel Kathy Johnson David Riahi Jens Camp Oumou Keita Taylor Rivich Julieta Carrillo Natalie Kilker Bryan Shapiro Paul Davis Julia Manacher Megha Singh Miles Decoster Aspen Miller Zachary Stern Noah Gabrielson Nic Monarrez Lexi Tartaglio Brian Garcia Cecilia Nieto Kelsey Whalen Caitlyn Heter Earvin Poon Kara Woods Maria Hodge A.J. Privitt LAW JOURNAL FOR SOCIAL JUSTICE SANDRA DAY O’CONNOR COLLEGE OF LAW ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY Volume 12 Fall 2019 FACULTY ADVISOR Zachary Kramer ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY SANDRA DAY O’CONNOR COLLEGE OF LAW FACULTY 2019-2020 MICHAEL M. CROW, B.A., PH. D. Emeritus Professor of Law President of the University BODANSKY, DANIEL, B.A., M.PHIL, SYLVESTER, DOUGLAS J., B.A., J.D., J.D. LL.M. Regents’ Professor of Law Dean and Professor of Law BOWMAN, DIANA, B.A., J.D. ABBOTT, KENNETH, A.B., J.D. Associate Dean for International Jack E. Brown Chair in Law Engagement; Associate Professor ANDERSON, RAYMOND E., B.A., J.D. of Law Professor of Practice BOWMAN, MARY, B.A., J.D. BANKS, ANGELA, B.A., MLITT, J.D. Clinical Professor of Law Charles J. Merriam Distinguished BRADSHAW, KAREN, B.S, M.B.A., Professor of Law J.D. BARNES, JENNIFER, B.S., J.D. Professor of Law Associate Clinical Professor of CALLEROS, CHARLES R., B.A., J.D. Law Alan Matheson Fellow in Law; BEETY, VELANA, B.A., J.D. Professor of Law Professor of Law and Deputy CARDINEAU, GUY A., A.B., B.S., Director of the Academy for PH.D. Justice Emeritus Professor of Law BARTELS, ROBERT D., B.A., J.D. CARTER, ANDREW, B.A., J.D. Emeritus Professor of Law Clinical Professor of Law BENDER, PAUL, A.B., LL.B CHESLER, SUSAN, B.A., J.D. Professor of Law and Dean Clinical Professor of Law Emeritus CHING, ANN, B.A., J.D., LL.M., BERCH, JESSICA, B.A., J.D. M.B.A. Lecturer in Law Associate Clinical Professor of BERCH, MICHAEL A., B.A., J.D. Law CHODOROW, ADAM, B.A., M.A., Director of the Rule of Law & J.D., LL.M Governance Program; Professor Associate Dean for Academic of Practice Affairs; FURNISH, DALE, A.B., J.D., LL.M. Willard H. Pedrick Distinguished Emeritus Professor of Law Research Scholar & Professor of GARTNER, DAVID, A.B., J.D., PH.D. Law Professor of Law COHEN, JASON, B.A., J.D. GIBSON, DON, B.A., J.D. Clinical Professor of Law Professor of Practice COORDES, LAURA, B.A., J.D. GODDARD, TERRY, B.A., J.D. Associate Professor of Law Professor of Practice CRUZ, EVELYN H., B.A., J.D. GREY, BETSY, B.A., J.D. Director, Immigration Clinic; Jack E. Brown Professor in Law Clinical Professor of Law GROSS, MICHELLE, B.S., J.D. DAUBER, M. ROBERT, B.A., J.D. Director, Lisa Foundation Patent Charles M. Brewer Professor of Law Clinic; Professor of Practice Trial Advocacy and Clinical GUBLER, ZACHARY, B.A., J.D. Professor of Law Professor of Law DEMAINE, LINDA, B.A., J.D., M.A., GUERIN, SANFORD M., B.S., J.D., PH.D. LL.M. Willard H. Pedrick Distinguished Emeritus Professor of Law Research Scholar & Professor of HERRERA, TAMARA, B.A., J.D. Law Clinical Professor of Law; DIFELICE, BETH, B.A., J.D., Associate Dean of Faculty M.L.I.S. Development Associate Dean HINSHAW, ART, A.B., J.D., LL.M. DRAGNICH, ALYSSA, A.B., J.D. John J. Bouma Fellow in ADR; Clinical Professor of Law Clinical Professor of Law ELLMAN, IRA MARK, B.A., M.A., HODGE JR., JAMES, B.S., J.D., LL.M. J.D. Professor of Public Health Law Emeritus Professor of Law and Ethics FELLMETH, AARON X., A.B., M.A., HOLST, KIMBERLY, B.A., MLIS, J.D. J.D. Clinical Professor of Law Willard H. Pedrick Distinguished JARVIS, STEPHANIE, B.A., J.D. Research Scholar & Professor of Lecturer in Law Law JONES, ABIGAIL, B.A., J.D. FERGUSON-BOHNEE, PATTY, B.A., Lecturer in Law J.D. KADER, DAVID, B.A., J.D., LL.M. Director, Indian Legal Clinic; Emeritus Professor of Law Clinical Professor of Law KAPPES, JON E., B.S., M.S., J.D. FROMHOLZ, JULIA, B.A., J.D. Lecturer in Law KAYE, DAVID, B.A., J.D. Emeritus Professor of Law MCJUNKIN, BEN, J.D. KITTRIE, ORDE, B.A., J.D. Associate Professor of Law; Professor of Law Assistant Deputy Director, KRAMER, ZACHARY, B.A., J.D. Academy for Justice Associate Dean of Faculty; MENKHUS, ERIC W., B.S.E., M.B.A., Willard H. Pedrick Distinguished J.D. Research Scholar & Professor of Associate Dean for New Law Education Initiatives; Clinical LANGENFELD, AMY, B.A., J.D. Professor of Law Clinical Professor of Law MILLER, ROBERT J., B.S., J.D. LARSON, RHETT, B.A., M.SC., J.D. Professor of Law Richard Morrison Fellow in MURPHY, JEFFRIE G., B.A., PH.D. Water Law; Regents’ Professor of Law, Associate Professor of Law Philosophy, & Religious Studies LESLIE, GREGG, J.D. MYERS, TIMOTHY J., J.D. Professor of Practice; Executive Visiting Clinical Fellow, Civil Director, First Amendment Clinic Litigation Clinic LINDQUIST, STEFANIE, B.A., J.D., NOREUIL, CHAD, B.A., J.D. PH.D. Clinical Professor of Law Deputy Provost and Vice PUZAUSKAS, KATHERINE, B.A., J.D. President of Global Academic Director, Post-Conviction Clinic Initiatives; Foundation Professor REED, TREVOR, B.M., M.A., J.D., of Law and Political Science Ph.D., M.Phil, M.A. LOWENTHAL, GARY, A.B., J.D. Associate Professor of Law Emeritus Professor of Law ROBERTS, LAWRENCE S., J.D. LUNA, ERIK, B.A., J.D. Professor of Practice; Executive Amelia D. Lewis Professor of Director, Indian Gaming and Constitutional and Criminal Law; Tribal Self-Governance Program Director, Academy for Justice ROSE, JONATHAN, B.A. LL.B. LYNK, MYLES V., A.B., J.D. Emeritus Professor of Law Peter Kiewit Foundation RULE, TROY, B.S., J.D. Professor of Law Joseph Feller Memorial Chair in MARCHANT, GARY E., B.SC., PH.D, Law & Sustainability; Professor M.P.P., J.D. of Law Regents’ Professor of Law SAHANI, VICTORIA, A.B., J.D. MATHESON, ALAN A., B.A., M.S., Professor of Law J.D. SAKS, MICHAEL J., B.S., B.A., Emeritus Professor of Law and PH.D., M.S.L. Dean Emeritus Regents’ Professor of Law & MATSUMURA, KAIPONANEA T., B.S., Professor of Psychology J.D. SCHARFF, ERIN, B.A., J.D. Associate Professor of Law Associate Professor of Law SCHROEDER, MILTON R., B.A., J.D. WISSLER, ROSELLE, B.A., J.D. Emeritus Professor of Law Director of Research, Lodestar SELIG, ALLAN, B.A. Dispute Resolution Program Professor of Practice WONG, GLENN, B.A., J.D. SELLERS, JOSHUA, B.A., M.A., Executive Director, Sports Law & PH.D., J.D. Business Program and Associate Professor of Law Distinguished Professor of Practice SELMI, MICHAEL, A.B., J.D. WURMAN, ILAN, B.A., J.D. Professor of Law Visiting Assistant Profess SEROTA, MICHAEL, B.A., J.D. Visiting Assistant Professor; Associate Deputy Director, Academy for Justice SHAH, BIJAL, B.A., M.P.A., J.D. Associate Professor of Law STABLER, RACHEL, B.A., J.D. Associate Clinical Professor of Law STANTON, ANN M., B.A., PH.D., J.D. Emerita Professor of Law STINSON, JUDITH M., B.S., J.D. Clinical Professor of Law TROTTA, VICTORIA, B.A., J.D. Associate Dean for the Ross- Blakley Law Library TUCKER, BONNIE, B.A., J.D. Emerita Professor of Law WEINSTEIN, JAMES, B.A., J.D. Dan Cracchiolo Chair in Constitutional Law WEINSTEIN-TULL, JUSTIN, B.S., M.A., J.D., M.P.P.