GOVERNMENT OF CROSS RIVER STATE, NIGERIA DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA) REPORT Of the proposed CALABAR – IKOM – KATSINA ALA SUPERHIGHWAY PROJECT Submitted to FEDERAL MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, ABUJA MARCH, 2016 EIA of the Proposed Calabar-Ikom-Katsina Ala Superhighway Project DRAFT REPORT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF THE PROPOSED CALABAR – IKOM – KATSINA ALA SUPERHIGHWAY PROJECT DRAFT REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE FEDERAL MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, ABUJA REPORT NO.: S-015.6 Client: CROSS RIVER STATE GOVERNMENT Date of Report: MARCH 2016 Project EIA Consultant: PGM NIGERIA LIMITED Name Function Signature Date Approved Dr. Bassey Team leader, PGM by Chukwuma Nigeria Limited Compiled Martins Scientific Officer, by Robert PGM Nigeria Limited Version Status Draft EIA Report March, 2016 1 Draft Report, 2016 Page i of Peripherals EIA of the Proposed Calabar-Ikom-Katsina Ala Superhighway Project Table of Contents Table of Contents Ii List of Figures Ix List of Plates Xi List Of Abbreviation and Acronyms xiii Acknowledgment xvi List Of EIA Preparers xvii Executive Summary xviii CHAPTER ONE 1.1 Introduction 1 of Chapter one 1.2 Applicant’s Intent 3 of Chapter one 1.3 Proposed Project Location 4 of Chapter one 1.4 Legal and Administrative Framework for EIA in Nigeria 6 of Chapter one 1.5 Impact Assessment Objectives 21 of Chapter one 1.6 Study limitations 22 of Chapter one 1.7 Structure of the EIA Report 22 of Chapter one CHAPTER TWO 2.0 Project justification 1 of Chapter two 2.1 Introduction 1 of Chapter two 2.2 Project Objectives 1 of Chapter two 2.3 Need for the Project 2 of Chapter two 2.4 Benefits of the Project 2 of Chapter two 2.5 Value of the Proposed Project 3 of Chapter two 2.6 Analysis of Project Alternatives 3 of Chapter two 2.7 Alternatives Alignments 4 of Chapter two 2.8 Envisaged Project Sustainability 10 of Chapter two CHAPTER THREE 3.0 Project Description 1 of Chapter Three 3.1 Technical Standards of the proposed project 1 of Chapter Three 3.2 Design Principles and main works 2 of Chapter Three 3.3 Subgrade and land utilizations 4 of Chapter Three 3.4 Subgrade drainage design philosophy 6 of Chapter Three 3.5 Individual design Philosophy for sub grade 7 of Chapter Three 3.6 Design Principles of Land Using for subgrade 8 of Chapter Three 3.7 Environmental Protection and landscapes 15 of Chapter Three CHAPTER FOUR 4.1 Introduction 1 of Chapter Four 4.2 Geology and Geomorphology 6 of Chapter Four 4.3 Soils 9 of Chapter Four 4.4 Hydrogeology and Hydrology 14 of Chapter Four 4.5 Sediment Quality 14 of Chapter Four Draft Report, 2016 Page ii of Peripherals EIA of the Proposed Calabar-Ikom-Katsina Ala Superhighway Project 4.6 Local Meteorology 19 of Chapter Four 4.7 Air Quality Characteristics 23 of Chapter Four 4.8 Water Quality 28 of Chapter Four 4.9 Habitat and Flora 33 of Chapter Four 4.10 Socio-economic 81 of Chapter Four 4.11 Health Conditions 128 of Chapter Four CHAPTER FIVE 5.0 Potential and associated impacts assessment 1 of Chapter Five 5.1 Introduction 1 of Chapter Five 5.2 Impact assessment 4 of Chapter Five 5.3 Scoping 11 of Chapter Five 5.4 Positive Impacts 26 of Chapter Five 5.5 Potential Negative Impacts 26 of Chapter Five CHAPTER SIX 6.0 Impact Mitigation/Enhancement Measures 1 of Chapter Six 6.1 Introduction 1 of Chapter Six 6.2 Positive Impacts 19 of Chapter Six 6.3 Potential Negative Impacts 19 of Chapter Six 6.4 Further Commitment by CRSG 36 of Chapter Six 6.5 Additional Impact Assessment and Mitigation/enhancement 37 of Chapter Six measures CHAPTER SEVEN 7.0 Environmental Management Plan 1 of Chapter Seven 7.1 Overview and Scope 1 of Chapter Seven 7.2 Related Management Plans 3 of Chapter Seven 7.3 Implementation 6 of Chapter Seven 7.4 Checking and Corrective action 11 of Chapter Seven 7.5 Environmental Monitoring Indicators 70 of Chapter Seven 7.6 Institutional and Capacity Building 76 of Chapter Seven 7.7 Arrangements 77 of Chapter Seven 7.8 Waste Management Guidelines 78 of Chapter Seven CHAPTER EIGHT 8.0 Conclusion 1 of Chapter Eight 8.1 The EIA process 1 of Chapter Eight 8.2 Summary of impacts and mitigation 2 of Chapter Eight 8.3 Overall conclusion 2 of Chapter Eight REFERENCES Draft Report, 2016 Page iii of Peripherals EIA of the Proposed Calabar-Ikom-Katsina Ala Superhighway Project List of tables Table 2.1: Linear and relief characteristics of the different routes 8 of Chapter Two Table 2.2 Routes interceptions with land-use 10 of Chapter Two Table 3.1: Major Technical Standards of Project 1 of Chapter Three Table 3.2: General Slope Grade of Embankment 5 of Chapter Three Table 3.3: General Slope Grade of Cutting 5 of Chapter Three Table 3.4: Pavement structure 9 of Chapter Three Table 4.1: Soil Sample Coordinates (Projected Coordinate System: WGS 1984 2 of Chapter Four UTM Zone 32N) Table 4.2: 3 of Chapter Four Water Sample Coordinates (Projected Coordinate System: WGS 1984 UTM Zone32N) Table 4.3: 3 of Chapter Four Noise and Air Quality Sample Coordinates (Projected Coordinate System: WGS 1984 UTM Zone 32N) Table 4.4: Summary of Results of Physico-chemical Analyses of Soils around 11 of Chapter Four the Study Area Table 4.5: Microbial Population (cfu/g) in Soil Samples Collected from the Road 13 of Chapter Four Project Environment for Wet and Dry Seasons Table 4.6: Summary of Physico-chemical Results of Sediment Samples from 17 of Chapter Four the Study Area Table 4.7: Summary of Results of Heavy Metals in Sediment Samples from the 17 of Chapter Four Study Area Table 4.8: Microbial Population (Cfu/Ml) In Surface Water Samples Along The 18 Chapter Four Proposed Project Area Table 4.9 Average Rainfall Data (in mm) in the Study Area (2004 – 2014) 20 of Chapter Four Table 4.10: Average Minimum Temperature in oC in the Study Area (2004 – 21 of Chapter Four 2014) Table 4.11: Average Maximum Temperature in oC in the Study Area (2004 – 22 of Chapter Four 2014) Table 4.12: Average Wind Speed in Knots around the Study Area (2004 – 2014) 22 of Chapter Four Table 4.13: Monthly Average Relative humidity in % around the Study Area 23 of Chapter Four (2004-2014) Table 4.14: Results of Air Quality and Noise Analyses around the Project Area 27 of Chapter Four for Wet and Dry Seasons Table 4.15: Summary of Results of Physico- chemical Properties and Heavy 30 of Chapter Four Metal contents of Surface Water in the Study Area Draft Report, 2016 Page iv of Peripherals EIA of the Proposed Calabar-Ikom-Katsina Ala Superhighway Project Table 4.16: Microbial Population (cfu/ml) in Surface Water Samples along the 32 of Chapter Four Proposed Project Area Table 4.17: Percentage Distribution of Vegetative Categories in the State. 36 of Chapter Four Table 4.18: Calculation of Flora diversity of Calabar-Oban axis 53 of Chapter Four Table 4.19: Flora Biodiversity of Nko (Yakurr) Axis 54 of Chapter Four Table 4.20: Calculation of Flora Diversity Index for Ikom axis 55 of Chapter Four Table 4.21: Calculation Of Flora Biodiversity Index in the Study Area 55 of Chapter Four Table 4.22: Calculation of Flora Diversity for Obudu axis 56 of Chapter Four Table 4.23: Disease Indices in Study Area 57 of Chapter Four Table 4.24: Checklists of Economic Viable Plants in the Study Areas 59 of Chapter Four Table 4.25: Primates of the Cross River National Park 61 of Chapter Four Table 4.26: Wildlife diversity and Relative abundance 69 of Chapter Four Table 4.27: Checklist of wildlife in the study area 70 of Chapter Four TABLE: 4.28 Fish Species recorded in the study area (wet season) 78 of Chapter Four Table 4:27 Fish species recorded in the study area (dry season) 78 of Chapter Four Table 4.28 Indices of Preponderance (IP) Indicating the dominant species 79 of Chapter Four caught in the River. Table 4.29: Aquatic macrophytes on water body and swamp in the Study Area 80 of Chapter Four Table 4.30: Schedule of Meetings and Interviews. 82 of Chapter Four Table 4.31: Surveyed communities and their respective LGAs 85 of Chapter Four Table 4.32: Projected population of the LGAs using 2016 Census figure 89 of Chapter Four Table 4.33: Education-Current conditions in the Niger Delta states 93 of Chapter Four Table 4.34: Quality of life attributes 103 of Chapter Four Table 4.35: Estimated Household Monthly Income Levels 108 of Chapter Four Table 4.36: Socio-Economic and Health Indices Linkages 118 of Chapter Four Table 4.37: Patronage of Health Services in the Study Communities. 130 of Chapter Four Table 4.38: Common Disease Vectors in the Study Area 134 of Chapter Four Table 4.39: Occupational Health Risk in the Study Area 134 of Chapter Four Table 5.1 Resource / Receptors and Impact Indicators Considered in Scoping 3 of Chapter Five Table 5.2 Impact Characteristic Terminology 6 of Chapter Five Table 5.3 Impact Type Definitions 7 of Chapter Five Table 5.4 Definitions for Likelihood Designations 7 of Chapter Five Draft Report, 2016 Page v of Peripherals EIA of the Proposed Calabar-Ikom-Katsina Ala Superhighway Project Table 5.5 Environmental and Social Parameters Considered within the 12 of Chapter Five Scoping Phase Table 5.6 Potential Impacts on the Environment and Biodiversity 14 of Chapter Five Table 5.7 Potential Social Impacts 17 of Chapter Five Table 5.8: A summary of Analysis of Impacts 21 of Chapter Five Table 5.9: Summary of Environmental Impacts 23 of Chapter Five Table 6.1: Summary Implementing Environmental and Social Mitigation 2 of Chapter Six Measures Table 6.2: Summary of Social Impact Mitigation//Enhancement Measures 14 of Chapter Six Table 6.3 Relevant Nigerian Ambient Air Quality Standards 38 of Chapter Six Table 6.4