Reformed Theology in Africa Series Volume 2 Life in Transit Life in Riaan Rheeder (eds.) Theological and Ethical Manitza Kotzé & Manitza Kotzé Contributions on Migration Edited by Manitza Kotzé & Riaan Rheeder Reformed Theology in Africa Series Volume 2 Life in TransIT Theological and Ethical Contributions on Migration Published by AOSIS Books, an imprint of AOSIS Publishing. AOSIS Publishing 15 Oxford Street, Durbanville 7550, Cape Town, South Africa Postnet Suite #110, Private Bag X19, Durbanville 7551, South Africa Tel: +27 21 975 2602 Website: https://www.aosis.co.za Copyright © Manitza Kotzé & Riaan Rheeder (eds.). Licensee: AOSIS (Pty) Ltd The moral right of the authors has been asserted. Cover image: Original design created with the use of provided image. The image is https:// www.freepik.com/free-photo/passport-top-world-map_987976.htm#page=1&query=immig ration&position=7, used under the Freepik Free License (please refer to the Terms of Use at http://www.freepik.com/terms_of_use). Published in 2020 Impression: 1 ISBN: 978-1-928523-55-0 (print) ISBN: 978-1-928523-56-7 (epub) ISBN: 978-1-928523-57-4 (pdf) DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/aosis.2020.BK219 How to cite this work: Kotzé, M. & Rheeder, R. (eds.), 2020, ‘Life in transit: Theological and ethical contributions on migration’, in Reformed Theology in Africa Series Volume 2, pp. i–365, AOSIS, Cape Town. Reformed Theology in Africa Series ISSN: 2706-6665 Series Editor: J.M. Vorster Printed and bound in South Africa. Listed in OAPEN (http://www.oapen.org), DOAB (http://www.doabooks.org/) and indexed by Google Scholar. Some rights reserved. This is an open access publication. 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Should any infringement have occurred inadvertently, the publisher apologises and undertakes to amend the omission in the event of a reprint. Reformed Theology in Africa Series Volume 2 Life in TransIT Theological and Ethical Contributions on Migration EDITORS Manitza Kotzé Riaan Rheeder Religious Studies domain editorial board at AOSIS Commissioning Editor Andries G. van Aarde, MA, DD, PhD, D Litt, South Africa Board Members Warren Carter, Professor of New Testament, Brite Divinity School, Fort Worth, United States Christian Danz, Dekan der Evangelisch-Theologischen Fakultät der Universität Wien and Ordentlicher Universität professor für Systematische Theologie und Religionswissenschaft, University of Vienna, Austria Pieter G.R. de Villiers, Associate Editor, Extraordinary Professor in Biblical Spirituality, Faculty of Theology, University of the Free State, South Africa Musa W. Dube, Department of Theology & Religious Studies, Faculty of Humanities, University of Botswana, Botswana David D. Grafton, Professor of Islamic Studies and Christian-Muslim Relations, Duncan Black Macdonald Center for the Study of Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations, Hartford Seminary, Hartford, Connecticut, United States Jens Herzer, Theologische Fakultät der Universität Leipzig, Germany Jeanne Hoeft, Dean of Students and Associate Professor of Pastoral Theology and Pastoral Care, Saint Paul School of Theology, United States Dirk J. Human, Associate Editor, Deputy Dean and Professor of Old Testament Studies, Faculty of Theology, University of Pretoria, South Africa D. Andrew Kille, Former Chair of the SBL Psychology and Bible Section, and Editor of the Bible Workbench, San Jose, United States William R.G. Loader, Emeritus Professor Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia Isabel A. Phiri, Associate General Secretary for Public Witness and Diakonia, World Council of Churches, Geneva, Switzerland Marcel Sarot, Emeritus, Professor of Fundamental Theology, Tilburg School of Catholic Theology, Tilburg University, the Netherlands Corneliu C. Simut, Professor of Historical and Dogmatic Theology, Emanuel University, Oradea, Bihor, Romania Rothney S. Tshaka, Professor and Head of Department of Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa Elaine M. Wainwright, Emeritus Professor School of Theology, University of Auckland, New Zealand; Executive Leader, Mission and Ministry, McAuley Centre, Australia Gerald West, Associate Editor, School of Religion, Philosophy and Classics in the College of Humanities, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Peer review declaration The publisher (AOSIS) endorses the South African ‘National Scholarly Book Publishers Forum Best Practice for Peer Review of Scholarly Books’. The manuscript was subjected to rigorous two-step peer review prior to publication, with the identities of the reviewers not revealed to the author(s). The reviewers were independent of the publisher and/or authors in question. The reviewers commented positively on the scholarly merits of the manuscript and recommended that the manuscript be published. Where the reviewers recommended revision and/or improvements to the manuscript, the authors responded adequately to such recommendations. Research Justification Migration is an issue that is under discussion worldwide and affects South Africa, United States and Germany in a distinctive way. This book reflects academically on this significant and topical subject of migration from the often neglected perspective of the fields of theology and Christian ethics. While the majority of contributions are from the South African context, there are also chapters reflecting on the topic from the two other aforementioned contexts. While numerous publications have recently appeared on the subject, reflections from theology and Christian ethics are often lacking. As such, this scholarly publication wants to add ethical value to the local and global conversations on the theme from a theological perspective. The book reflects on migration from the perspectives originated in the disciplines of biblical studies (the Hebrew Bible and the New Testament), systematic theology, ecumenical studies, Christian ethics, practical theology and missiology. It presents new and innovative inquiries primarily from a qualitative methodological viewpoint. The book unveils new themes for deliberation and provides novel interpretations and insights into existing research. The co-authors represent a variety of academic, cultural and confessional backgrounds and as such, a range of epistemological points of departure, adding to the richness and value of the contribution. The target audience of this book includes scholars, peers, researchers and professionals with an interest in migration, in particular as reflected upon from the fields of theology and Christian ethics. The chapters are based on original research, except the one authored by Professor Matthew Kaemingk with the title ‘Muslim Immigration and Reformed Christology’. In this chapter the author revisits and reworks, with permission granted by the publisher, his previous research published in his book Christian Hospitality and Muslim Immigration in an Age of Fear. No part of the book was plagiarised from another publication or books. Manitza Kotzé, Unit for Reformed Theology and the Development of the South African Society, Faculty of Theology, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa Riaan Rheeder, Unit for Reformed Theology and the Development of the South African Society, Faculty of Theology, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa Contents Abbreviations, Figures and Tables Appearing in the Text and Notes xv List of Abbreviations xv List of Figures xv List of Tables xvi Notes on Contributors xvii Preface xxiii Introduction: Life in transit: An introduction 1 Manitza Kotzé & Riaan Rheeder Introduction 1 Chapter 1: ‘Love Thy Sojourner (by integrating them)’: Ethical perspectives from the Pentateuch 15 Albert J. Coetsee Introduction 15 The definition of the Hebrew word for ‘sojourn’ or ‘sojourner’ 18 The occurrence and use of the concept ‘sojourn’ or ‘sojourner’ in the Pentateuch 21 Laws concerning sojourners in the Pentateuch 25 Laws concerning festivals and Sabbaths 25 Laws concerning sacrifices 28 Laws concerning food 29 Laws concerning charity 32 Laws concerning justice 35 Laws that are the same for Israel and the sojourner 35 Laws concerning conduct due to the sojourner 36 The Pentateuch’s aim: Charity, solidarity and integration 37 Charity 38 vii Contents Solidarity 38 Integration 40 Some suggestions on integrating sojourners in the modern context 43 Conclusion 44 Chapter 2: Migration of God’s people as an opportunity to learn and understand God within the migrant context: A perspective from the books of Leviticus and Acts 47 Christopher Magezi Introduction and background to the study 48 In search