Analysis of the interactive map of artisanal mining areas in eastern DR Congo 2015 update International Peace Information Service (IPIS) 1 Editorial Analysis of the interactive map of artisanal mining areas in eastern DR Congo: 2015 update Antwerp, October 2016 Front Cover image: Cassiterite mine Malemba-Nkulu, Katanga (IPIS 2015) Authors: Yannick Weyns, Lotte Hoex & Ken Matthysen International Peace Information Service (IPIS) is an independent research institute, providing governmental and non-governmental actors with information and analysis to build sustainable peace and development in Sub-Saharan Africa. The research is centred around four programmes: Natural Resources, Business & Human Rights, Arms Trade & Security, and Conflict Mapping. Map and database: Filip Hilgert, Alexandre Jaillon, Manuel Claeys Bouuaert & Stef Verheijen The 2015 mapping of artisanal mining sites in eastern DRC was funded by the International Organization of Migration (IOM) and PROMINES. The execution of the mapping project was a collaboration between IPIS and the Congolese Mining Register (Cadastre Minier, CAMI). The analysis of the map was funded by the Belgian Development Cooperation (DGD). The content of this publication is the sole responsibility of IPIS and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of IOM, PROMINES, CAMI or the Belgian government. 2 Table of contents Editorial ............................................................................................................................................... 2 Executive summary .............................................................................................................................. 4 1. Background and introduction to the interactive web map ......................................................... 6 IPIS’ mapping project of eastern DR Congo’s artisanal mines .............................................................................6 Methodology ........................................................................................................................................................................8 Intended audience ..............................................................................................................................................................8 Guide to the web map .......................................................................................................................................................9 2. General Security Situation in 2015 ...............................................................................................11 FDLR .......................................................................................................................................................................................11 Mai-Mai .................................................................................................................................................................................12 Raïa Mutomboki ................................................................................................................................................................13 FRPI .........................................................................................................................................................................................14 3. Artisanal mining sector: general insights and trends from the map ........................................ 15 General figures ...................................................................................................................................................................15 3T production and trade .................................................................................................................................................17 Armed presence at mining sites ..................................................................................................................................19 Armed presence on revisited sites ...................................................................................................................................................................22 Some elements on mining governance ................................................................................................................... 22 4. Description of trends and presence of armed actors per province .......................................... 23 Province Orientale............................................................................................................................................................ 23 Irumu .....................................................................................................................................................................................................................24 Mambasa .............................................................................................................................................................................................................25 North Kivu ........................................................................................................................................................................... 26 South Lubero .......................................................................................................................................................................................................27 Walikale ................................................................................................................................................................................................................29 Masisi .....................................................................................................................................................................................................................30 South Kivu ............................................................................................................................................................................31 Fizi ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................32 Kalehe ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................32 Mwenga ................................................................................................................................................................................................................33 Shabunda .............................................................................................................................................................................................................34 Walungu ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................34 Maniema .............................................................................................................................................................................. 35 Lubutu ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................35 Punia ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................36 Kabambare ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................36 Opportunities and challenges for responsible sourcing initiatives .......................................................................................................37 Katanga ................................................................................................................................................................................ 38 Tanganyika ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................38 Central Katanga ..................................................................................................................................................................................................39 5. Conclusion ...................................................................................................................................... 40 3 Executive summary Since 2009 the Belgian research institute International Peace Information Service (IPIS) has published maps containing data on mineral production and security issues at mining sites in eastern DR Congo. The interactive web maps and accompanying reports1 have provided important information to a wide range of international stakeholders that are trying to address the links between armed groups’ financing modalities, and mineral exploitation and trade. The interactive web map presented with this report shows the location of 253 trading centres and 2,026 mining sites in eastern DR Congo2, 1,615