WhyBSD is better than Linux Greg``groggy''Lehey IBM Linux Technology Center,Ozlabs [email protected] [email protected] Brisbane, 7 February 2002 BSD: The other free Operating System 1GregLehey, 7 February 2002 BSD? What'sthat? BSD: The other free Operating System 2GregLehey, 7 February 2002 BSD? What'sthat? Remember these? vi BSD: The other free Operating System 3GregLehey, 7 February 2002 BSD? What'sthat? Remember these? vi csh BSD: The other free Operating System 4GregLehey, 7 February 2002 BSD? What'sthat? Remember these? vi csh sendmail BSD: The other free Operating System 5GregLehey, 7 February 2002 BSD? What'sthat? Remember these? vi csh sendmail named (BIND) BSD: The other free Operating System 6GregLehey, 7 February 2002 BSD? What'sthat? Remember these? vi csh sendmail named (BIND) The Internet BSD: The other free Operating System 7GregLehey, 7 February 2002 BSD? What’sthat? Remember these? vi csh sendmail named (BIND) The Internet OpenSSH BSD: The other free Operating System 8•GregLehey, 7 February 2002 Alittle history BSD: The other free Operating System 9GregLehey, 7 February 2002 Alittle history • UNIX was a research project until 1982. BSD: The other free Operating System 10 GregLehey, 7 February 2002 Alittle history • UNIX was a research project until 1982. • Universities had access to the UNIX source code. BSD: The other free Operating System 11 GregLehey, 7 February 2002 Alittle history • UNIX was a research project until 1982. • Universities had access to the UNIX source code. • The Computer Sciences Research Group (CSRG) at the Uni- versity of California, Berkeley(UCB) wrote much newcode. BSD: The other free Operating System 12 GregLehey, 7 February 2002 Alittle history • UNIX was a research project until 1982. • Universities had access to the UNIX source code. • The Computer Sciences Research Group (CSRG) at the Uni- versity of California, Berkeley(UCB) wrote much newcode. • The code was released on tapes called ‘‘BerkeleySoftware Distribution’’, or BSD. BSD: The other free Operating System 13 • GregLehey, 7 February 2002 BSD in the 80s BSD: The other free Operating System 14 GregLehey, 7 February 2002 BSD in the 80s • UNIX was ported to the VAX, which required virtual memo- ry support. The first widely distributed UNIX for the VAX was3BSD. BSD: The other free Operating System 15 GregLehey, 7 February 2002 BSD in the 80s • UNIX was ported to the VAX, which required virtual memo- ry support. The first widely distributed UNIX for the VAX was3BSD. • The American Defense Advanced Research Projects Admin- istration (DARPA) wanted to update their network, ARPANET. BSD: The other free Operating System 16 GregLehey, 7 February 2002 BSD in the 80s • UNIX was ported to the VAX, which required virtual memo- ry support. The first widely distributed UNIX for the VAX was3BSD. • The American Defense Advanced Research Projects Admin- istration (DARPA) wanted to update their network, ARPANET. • The newprotocols were called ‘‘Internet Protocols’’. BSD: The other free Operating System 17 GregLehey, 7 February 2002 BSD in the 80s • UNIX was ported to the VAX, which required virtual memo- ry support. The first widely distributed UNIX for the VAX was3BSD. • The American Defense Advanced Research Projects Admin- istration (DARPA) wanted to update their network, ARPANET. • The newprotocols were called ‘‘Internet Protocols’’. • DARPAgav e the contract to BBN and UCB. BSD: The other free Operating System 18 GregLehey, 7 February 2002 BSD in the 80s • UNIX was ported to the VAX, which required virtual memo- ry support. The first widely distributed UNIX for the VAX was3BSD. • The American Defense Advanced Research Projects Admin- istration (DARPA) wanted to update their network, ARPANET. • The newprotocols were called ‘‘Internet Protocols’’. • DARPAgav e the contract to BBN and UCB. • The first operating system to support the In- ternet Protocols was 4.1c BSD. BSD: The other free Operating System 19 • GregLehey, 7 February 2002 But is it free software? BSD: The other free Operating System 20 GregLehey, 7 February 2002 But is it free software? • UNIX was not free software. BSD: The other free Operating System 21 GregLehey, 7 February 2002 But is it free software? • UNIX was not free software. • All work done at UCB was available without licensing con- ditions. BSD: The other free Operating System 22 GregLehey, 7 February 2002 But is it free software? • UNIX was not free software. • All work done at UCB was available without licensing con- ditions. • The tapes contained both UNIX and UCB code, so they could only go to UNIX license holders. BSD: The other free Operating System 23 GregLehey, 7 February 2002 But is it free software? • UNIX was not free software. • All work done at UCB was available without licensing con- ditions. • The tapes contained both UNIX and UCB code, so they could only go to UNIX license holders. • In the late 80’s, the CSRG worked to extricate the Berkeley code from the UNIX code. BSD: The other free Operating System 24 GregLehey, 7 February 2002 But is it free software? • UNIX was not free software. • All work done at UCB was available without licensing con- ditions. • The tapes contained both UNIX and UCB code, so they could only go to UNIX license holders. • In the late 80’s, the CSRG worked to extricate the Berkeley code from the UNIX code. • The results were released as the ‘‘Berkeley Networking Tapes’’, Net/1 and Net/2. BSD: The other free Operating System 25 GregLehey, 7 February 2002 But is it free software? • UNIX was not free software. • All work done at UCB was available without licensing con- ditions. • The tapes contained both UNIX and UCB code, so they could only go to UNIX license holders. • In the late 80’s, the CSRG worked to extricate the Berkeley code from the UNIX code. • The results were released as the ‘‘Berkeley Networking Tapes’’, Net/1 and Net/2. • Theywere not complete operating systems. BSD: The other free Operating System 26 • GregLehey, 7 February 2002 Afree UNIX operating system • In the early 90s, Bill Jolitz ported 4.3BSD to the Intel 386 architecture. BSD: The other free Operating System 27 GregLehey, 7 February 2002 Afree UNIX operating system • In the early 90s, Bill Jolitz ported 4.3BSD to the Intel 386 architecture. • Some old CSRG members formed a companycalled Berke- leySoftware Design, Inc. (BSDI). BSD: The other free Operating System 28 GregLehey, 7 February 2002 Afree UNIX operating system • In the early 90s, Bill Jolitz ported 4.3BSD to the Intel 386 architecture. • Some old CSRG members formed a companycalled Berke- leySoftware Design, Inc. (BSDI). • BSDI marketed a commercial operating system called BSD/386, later BSD/OS. BSD: The other free Operating System 29 GregLehey, 7 February 2002 Afree UNIX operating system • In the early 90s, Bill Jolitz ported 4.3BSD to the Intel 386 architecture. • Some old CSRG members formed a companycalled Berke- leySoftware Design, Inc. (BSDI). • BSDI marketed a commercial operating system called BSD/386, later BSD/OS. • Bill Jolitz wanted a free version, and created 386BSD. BSD: The other free Operating System 30 GregLehey, 7 February 2002 Afree UNIX operating system • In the early 90s, Bill Jolitz ported 4.3BSD to the Intel 386 architecture. • Some old CSRG members formed a companycalled Berke- leySoftware Design, Inc. (BSDI). • BSDI marketed a commercial operating system called BSD/386, later BSD/OS. • Bill Jolitz wanted a free version, and created 386BSD. • Later,other people used this basis to create NetBSD (April 1993), FreeBSD (December 1993) and OpenBSD (October 1995). BSD: The other free Operating System 31 • GregLehey, 7 February 2002 But is it UNIX? BSD: The other free Operating System 32 GregLehey, 7 February 2002 But is it UNIX? • UNIX is a trade mark of AT&T. BSD: The other free Operating System 33 GregLehey, 7 February 2002 But is it UNIX? • UNIX is a trade mark of AT&T. • AT&T is a modem test command. BSD: The other free Operating System 34 • GregLehey, 7 February 2002 But is it UNIX? • UNIX is a trade mark of The Open Group. BSD: The other free Operating System 35 GregLehey, 7 February 2002 But is it UNIX? • UNIX is a trade mark of The Open Group. • The Open Group awards licenses after proving specific func- tionality and purchasing power. BSD: The other free Operating System 36 GregLehey, 7 February 2002 But is it UNIX? • UNIX is a trade mark of The Open Group. • The Open Group awards licenses after proving specific func- tionality and purchasing power. • The BSDs have not purchased a UNIX name. BSD: The other free Operating System 37 GregLehey, 7 February 2002 But is it UNIX? • UNIX is a trade mark of The Open Group. • The Open Group awards licenses after proving specific func- tionality and purchasing power. • The BSDs have not purchased a UNIX name. • Microsoft has purchased a UNIX name for ‘‘Windows NT’’. BSD: The other free Operating System 38 GregLehey, 7 February 2002 But is it UNIX? • UNIX is a trade mark of The Open Group. • The Open Group awards licenses after proving specific func- tionality and purchasing power. • The BSDs have not purchased a UNIX name. • Microsoft has purchased a UNIX name for ‘‘Windows NT’’. • The Eighth edition of AT&T Research UNIX was based on 4.1cBSD. BSD: The other free Operating System 39 GregLehey, 7 February 2002 But is it UNIX? • UNIX is a trade mark of The Open Group. • The Open Group awards licenses after proving specific func- tionality and purchasing power. • The BSDs have not purchased a UNIX name. • Microsoft has purchased a UNIX name for ‘‘Windows NT’’. • The Eighth edition of AT&T Research UNIX was based on 4.1cBSD. • To besure, look at the code. BSD: The other free Operating System 40 • GregLehey, 7 February 2002 But is it UNIX? Seventh Edition Research UNIX sys/dev/rl.c : rlstrategy(bp) register struct buf *bp; { register struct rl *rlp; int drive,dsize; drive = minor(bp->b_dev); rlp = &rl[drive]; dsize = 0; ..