At a glance Infographic June 2017 Turkey: Economic indicators and trade with EU GDP per capita (€) and annual growth (%) Turkey total unemployment and in Turkey and the EU-28 female labour market participation € 28.8 32.2% 9.2% € thousand Thousands 4.0% 8.5 2.2% GDP per capita Turkey Turkey GDP growth Female labour force participation (left axis) (left axis) EU-28 EU-28 (right axis) Total unemployment (right axis) FDI and remittances to Public finances, monetary and financial data Turkey and the EU-28 70% 3.5 Turkey EU-28 3.02 60% 3.0 EU-28 50% 2.5 40% 2.0 30% 1.5 Turkey 20% 1.0 7.7% 10% 0.5 0% 0.0 Public debt (% of GDP) TR lira/euro exchange rate (right axis) Remittances received (% of GDP) Surplus/deficit (% of GDP) Inflation rate TR (%, left axis) FDI net inflows (% of GDP) Turkey business environment and socio-economic indicators Score Rank The Ease of Doing Business’s ‘distance to frontier’ score assesses the overall level of regulatory Ease of Doing Business performance of a country. It ranges from 0=’lowest performance’ to 100=’the frontier’, the best 0 67.2 100 69/190 performance observed worldwide each year. The Human Development Index (HDI) measures the average achievement in key dimensions of Human Development Index* human development. It is based on life expectancy at birth, average duration of education and GDP 0 76.1 100 72/188 per capita. It ranges from 0 to 100. ‘High human development countries’ (UN) are in the range between Corruption Perception Index 70 and 80. 0 41.0 100 75/176 The Corruption Perception Index measures the perceived levels of public–sector corruption Worst Best worldwide. Scores range from 0 (highly corrupt) to 100 (very clean). In 2016, two thirds of countries scored below 50. GINI Index* The GINI Index measures the deviation of the distribution of income among individuals or households 0 40.0 100 83/142 within a country from a perfectly equal distribution. It is hence a measure of inequality in income distri- Best Worst bution. A value of 0 represents absolute equality, a value of 100 absolute inequality. EPRS | European Parliamentary Research Service EUI | European University Institute Authors: Giulio Sabbati and Philippe Perchoc, Members’ Research Service; Caterina Francesca Guidi, GlobalStat | EUI PE 603.912 EPRS & GlobalStat Turkey: Economic indicators and trade with EU EU trade with Turkey Main trade partners (2016) Top EU partners (2016) Trade in goods, exports plus imports Trade in goods Other US € billion € billion 78 28.7% 17.7% 3.5 4.4 67 14.9% China 4.9 Exports Other EU EU APEC 14.0% 8.4 members 7.6% Switzerland 9.5 Imports Mexico: 1.6% 5.5% Russia India: 2.2% Japan: 3.6% Turkey: 4.2% 10.1 13.1 Imports 16 Other Exports 12 16.3 Others Other APEC members 23.6% Other 17.1 Iraq APEC 35.735.7 Members 42.8% EU-28 UAE 7.4% TR 0 10 20 30 Iraq 2.5%US Iran UAE 2.7% Goods (2006-2016) Iran 2.8% Russia EU exports to Turkey Russia 5.0% 8.1% EU imports from Turkey Services (2010-2015) US 5.1% China US EU imports from Turkey China EU export to Turkey EU-28 EU exports of goods to Turkey (2016) EU imports of goods from Turkey|1|+|2| (2016) Vehicles and aircraft Other Other 22.4% Cars and trucks 23.2% 19.9% 23.1% Optical instruments Rubber Machinery and 2.0% Oil, gas, coal 3.3% Plastic articles mechanical 3.3% Clothing Pharmaceutical 3.5% 19.0% appliances Iron and steel 5.0% 14.3% accessories products 3.6% Gemstones Agri-food 3.8% Electrical, 5.1% Machinery and Electrical, 6.4% Iron and steel 7.2% 9.0% electronic electronic equipment 10.9% mechanical Plastic and rubber 7.5% equipment Agri-food 7.5% appliances EU Financial assistance to Turkey under IPA II EIB preferential loans to Turkey: (2014-2020, allocations) EIB finance contracts signed on water, sewerage and transport in 2016; health, energy and credit 435.0 lines in 2016 and 2017. Reforms in preparation for Union membership 912.2 1 581.4 Socio-economic and regional development €4 454 Water, sewerage 15 € million Agriculture and rural development million Energy 240 Education, employment and social policies Health 320 Transport 320 1 525.3 IPA: Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance Credit lines 1 600 Notes GlobalStat is a project developed by the European University Institute’s Global Governance Programme (Italy) and the Francisco Manuel dos Santos Foundation (Portugal). Data Sources for Page 1: GDP figures, inflation and exchange rates are from IMFWEO (October 2016) and Eurostat (2016); Labour market data are from World Bank WDI based on ILO KILM (2016); FDI and remittances data are estimates from World Bank staff based on IMF BoP data (2016); HDI and GINI indexes are from UNDP HDR (2015) and are re-scaled (*) from 0 - 1 to 0 - 100 for better comparability; CPI is from Transparency International (2016); Doing Business data are from the World Bank Group - Doing Business Unit (2017). Data sources for page 2: EU trade with Turkey, Main trade partners (EU), Top EU partners (goods), EU exports of goods to Turkey (%) and EU imports of goods from Turkey (%) are from ComExt, Eurostat; Other APEC members = Australia, Brunei Darussalam, Canada, Chile, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Thailand and Vietnam; main trade partners (Turkey) are from IMF; UAE = United Arab Emirates, Other APEC members = Australia, Brunei Darussalam, Canada, Chile, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Thailand and Vietnam; EU Financial assistance to Turkey under IPA II (2014-2020, allocations) are from European Commission; EIB preferential loans to Turkey are from EIB (European Investment Bank). Disclaimer and Copyright. The content of this document is the sole responsibility of the authors and any opinions expressed therein do not necessarily represent the official position of the European Parliament and of the European University Institute. It is addressed to the Members and staff of the EP for their parliamentary work. Reproduction and translation for non-commercial purposes are authorised, provided the source is acknowledged and the European Parliament and GlobalStat are given prior notice and sent a copy. © European Union & GlobalStat, 2017. [email protected] (mail) – http://www.eprs.ep.parl.union.eu (intranet) – http://www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank (internet) – http://epthinktank.eu (blog) – [email protected] (mail) – http://www.globalstat.eu (internet) Members’ Research Service & GlobalStat | EUI Page 2 of 2.
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