Faculty : Mona Iyer & Meera Mehta A DITI Teaching Associate : Anuradha D HRITI J AY M ADHURA P OORVI P RATIK S APTARSHI S IDDHARTH V IVEK 1 SMRDA Region CURRENT STATUS 5 weeks CONCEPTS (NEW THINKING) Waste Storm Solid 1. Water 1 week Water Water Waste IWRM Institutional Appropriate to our lab IUWM scope National State Local 2. CURRENT SCENARIO SMC level Study Area includes Navasari, Surat, Tapi, Dang GROUPS 5 weeks APPLICABLE TO AREA 1. RIVER BASIN 2. SUDA 3. SMC IWRM At Regional Level IUWM At SUDA Level Infra At Project Level Provisioning 2 TAPI RIVER BASIN 1.REGIONAL LEVEL Total Area – 7657sq.km Population – 68.8 lac PURPOSE – Management of Water allocation SURAT and water resources at River basin level. (Using concept of IWRM) TAPI SUB – BASIN 3 SUB-BASIN 2. SUDA LEVEL Total Area – 744 sq.km Population – 60 lacs SUDA HAZIRA (395 sq.km) PURPOSE – (23 sq.km) SMC Urban and Industrial Synergy for (326 sq.km) water management. (Using concept of IUWM) STUDY AREA OF SUDA 4 SUDA 3. SMC LEVEL SUDA SMC PURPOSE – Total Area – 326 sq.km To study all four infrastructure Population – 47 lacs services at city level. (water, wastewater, solid waste and storm water) SMC AREA5 STRUCTURE TAPI RIVER BASIN (Water use and Allocation) (Flood management) SMC FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT (History of Flooding & analyse the Strategies which SMC can adopt to manage Floods) SOLID WASTE (Service provisioning, how environmental and health related issues can be improved) WATER (Equity in Service delivery) WASTE WATER (Service provisioning assessing spatial disparity at IUWM city level) (Reuse of waste water at urban and industrial areas.) 6 IWRM INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT (Lower Tapi Basin) WORK SCOPE... Methodology… Concept… To apply an Integrated Water Resources Management strategy to Tapi river basin area in SMRDA region “IWRM is a process which promotes the co-ordinated development and management of water, land and related resources, in order to maximize the resultant economic and social welfare in an equitable manner without compromising the sustainability of vital ecosystems.” (GWP 2008) Stakeholder Trans-sectoral Trans-boundary inclusive WORK SCOPE... Methodology… CONCEPT… Domestic, What Agriculture Domestic IWRM? use IWRM & Industrial how? Indus Consum Flood Surface trial ption & ing & use Applica Discharg River Ground basin bility to e planning Surat Agri. Use Work Scoping WATER USE FUTURE SCENARIO Water Markets Water use Institution groups River Basin Plans Policy Law ALTERNATIVE OPTIONS AVAILABLE TOOLS Why IWRM…? • Demographic and climate changes increases the stress on Efficient water resources. • Traditional fragmented approach is no longer viable • Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) approach Equitable that has now been accepted internationally as the way forward for efficient, equitable and sustainable development and management of the world's limited water resources and Sustainable for coping with conflicting demands IWRM is based on the understanding that water resources are an integral component of the ecosystem, a natural resource, and a social and economic good. • Enabling Environment Water Water Water Water for for for for Cross-Sectoral Integration through • Institutional people food nature Industry roles • Management Instruments Source – Global Water Partnership WORK SCOPE... METHODOLOGY… CONCEPT… IWRM, Key functions Pollution control Flood and drought management Water allocation Information management Basin planning Financial management Stakeholder participation 11 Source: Global water partnership- IWRM toolkit WORK SCOPE... METHODOLOGY… CONCEPT… Why IWRM? • ¾ surface water resources in 1/3 geographic area – rest scarce – need to conserve in water sufficient areas • Water intensive industries • GW status comparatively good – need to preserve status • Tapi flood prone • Allocation conflict 12 WORK SCOPE... METHODOLOGY… CONCEPT… IWRM- How? ? IWRM tools Management Enabling environment Institutional roles instruments Include tools for use in Deal with financial Combine development Deal with water policies Deals with forms and Includes tools for About understanding the development of resources to meet water options, resource use and their development functions of institutions upgrading the skills resources water law needs and human interaction Preparation of a Participatory capacity Reforming institutions for Water resources National integrated national water Elements of water law Investment frameworks and empowerment in better governance knowledge base water resources plans resources policy civil society Transboundary Training to build Policies with relation to Implementation and Strategic Water resources organisations for water capacity in water River basin plans water resources enforcement financial planning assessment resource management professionals Climate change Integrating legal Generating basic Groundwater National apex bodies Regulatory capacity Modelling in IWRM adaptation policies frameworks for IWRM revenues for water management plans Repayable sources of Developing water Coastal zone River basin organisations finance for water management indicators management plans Regulatory bodies and Water infrastructure, enforcement agencies Ecosystem assessment implementation and IWRM Service providers and Water footprint and IWRM virtual water concept Strengthening public sector water utilities Role of the private sector Civil society institutions and community based organisation Local authorities Building partnerships 13 Adapted from Global water partnership- IWRM toolkit Enabling Environment Institutional Roles Management instruments The NetherlandsVeluwe, the Netherlands France Romania EgyptJordan Japan Tunisia North China PlainVietnam Guatemala Bangladesh Honduras India: Purna River Vietnam basin Costa Rica El Salvador Malaysia Queensland, Ausatralia Namibia Zambia Uruguay South Africa Australia : Murray-darling Basin Stakeholder participation Stakeholder participation Public Pvt Partnership Financial Management National Water Resources Act Water User associations River Basin Plans Water allocation Tans boundary coordinAtion Flood Management plans Adapted from Global water partnership- IWRM toolkit Detail* WORK SCOPE... METHODOLOGY… CONCEPT… IWRM- How? ? IWRM tools Enabling environment Institutional roles Management instruments Deal with water policies and their Include tools for use in the development Deal with financial resources to meet Deals with forms and functions of Combine development options, Includes tools for upgrading the skills About understanding resources development of water law water needs institutions resource use and human interaction Preparation of a national water Participatory capacity and National integrated water resources Elements of water law Investment frameworks Water resources knowledge base resources policy Reforming institutions empowerment in civil society plans Training to build capacity in water Policies with relation to water resources Implementation and enforcement Strategic financial planning for better governance professionals Water resources River basin plans assessment Generating basic revenues for water Transboundary Regulatory capacity Climate change Integrating legal organisations for water adaptation policies frameworks for IWRM Repayable sources of finance for water resource management Groundwater management plans Modelling in IWRM National apex bodies Coastal zone management plans Water infrastructure, implementation River basin Developing water and IWRM organisations management indicators Regulatory bodies and Ecosystem assessment enforcement agencies Water footprint and virtual water concept Service providers and IWRM Strengthening public sector water utilities Role of the private sector Civil society institutions and community based organisation Local authorities Building partnerships 15 Adapted from Global water partnership- IWRM toolkit Applicability to Gujarat- River Basins WORK SCOPE... METHODOLOGY… CONCEPT… Logical unit for IWRM = River basin Tapi River Basin Source: Central Water Commission CONTEXT AREA…PHYSICAL SCOPE...GEOGRAPHY…USERS Lower Tapi Basin 17 CONTEXT AREA…PHYSICAL SCOPE... GEOGRAPHY…USERS Surat and Tapi Districts • Lower Tap basin – from Ukai Dam to Arabian sea • Basin covers concerned districts partially but data available at district level • Therefore effective study area = Surat + Tapi Districts • Water surplus • Good rainfall • Tapi Potential not tapped fully • Recurring Flood problem • Sea water intrusion issues 18 CONTEXT AREA… PHYSICAL SCOPE...GEOGRAPHY… USERS Surat and Tapi Districts 5-6% of total basin 19 CONTEXT AREA… PHYSICAL SCOPE...GEOGRAPHY… USERS Surat and Tapi Districts- Land Use Source: BHUVAN 20 WORK SCOPE... METHODOLOGY… CONCEPT… IWRM- How? Case studies India SE Asia EU USA Thames River basin Management plan, Ganga River Basin Environnent Basin Development Strategy for Mekong Colorado River region basin Plan Solway Tweed River Basin management Management Plan lower basin plan Plan Agreement for the Cooperation for the Directive 2000/60/EC Clean Water Act + Watershed Directive Environment (protection) Act 1986 Sustainable Development of the Water Framework Directive Management intiative Mekong River Basin 1995 "appropriate agency" generally National Ganga River Basin State water quality control Agency Mekong River Commission respective environment agencies eg: Authority Board SEPA pollution control, cleaning of "good" status of surface bodies, reduce Reducing pollution, quality Objectives surface water pollution control of