Miller Energy, Inc. In NY/NJ 800-631-5454 | In Eastern PA 888-631-5454 www.millerenergy.com A Guide For Selecting the Right Magnetic Level Indicator 201 edition Miller Energy, Inc. In NY/NJ 800-631-5454 | In Eastern PA 888-631-5454 www.millerenergy.com 7DEOHRI&RQWHQWV PREFACE Introduction .................................................................................................................... i Organization .................................................................................................................... ii 1 Introducing the MLI Overview ......................................................................................................................... 1 Principle of Operation .....................................................................................................1 MLI Mounting Styles ...................................................................................................... 1 Side Mount ......................................................................................................................2 Top Mount ......................................................................................................................2 Top / Bottom Mount .......................................................................................................3 Interface & Two-Layer Level Measurement ......................................................................3 Advantages of the MLI .................................................................................................... 4 Safety ............................................................................................................................... 4 Maintenance ....................................................................................................................5 Visibility .......................................................................................................................... 5 Installation and Flexibility ............................................................................................... 5 Selecting the Right MLI .................................................................................................. 6 2 Visual Indicator Types and Seals Visual Indicators ..............................................................................................................9 Types of Indicators ...........................................................................................................9 Shuttle ............................................................................................................................. 9 Flag ................................................................................................................................ 10 Selecting the Right Indicator ........................................................................................... 10 Orion Instruments® Indicators .........................................................................................11 Indicator Sealing Methods ...............................................................................................11 Unsealed .......................................................................................................................... 12 Sealed .............................................................................................................................. 12 Valve-Sealed .................................................................................................................... 12 Viewing Window (Bezel) ................................................................................................13 Selecting the Right Indicator Seal ................................................................................... 15 Orion Instruments® Sealed Indicators ............................................................................. 15 3 Floats and Chambers Float ...............................................................................................................................17 Buoyancy Basics ..............................................................................................................17 Design Considerations .....................................................................................................19 Orion Instruments® Floats .............................................................................................. 19 Float Curve ......................................................................................................................20 Chamber ......................................................................................................................... 20 Chamber Features & Construction Considerations ..........................................................21 4 Magnets Magnets in an MLI ..........................................................................................................23 Types of Magnets .............................................................................................................23 Alnico .............................................................................................................................. 24 Ceramics .......................................................................................................................... 24 Miller Energy, Inc. In NY/NJ 800-631-5454 | In Eastern PA 888-631-5454 www.millerenergy.com Flexibles ........................................................................................................................... 24 Rare Earth ....................................................................................................................... 24 Selecting the Right Magnet for an MLI ........................................................................... 25 Temperature ....................................................................................................................25 Field Strength .................................................................................................................. 25 Magnetic Lifetime ........................................................................................................... 25 Properties Table ...............................................................................................................26 Orion Instruments® Magnets ........................................................................................... 26 5 Transmitters MLI Transmitters .............................................................................................................29 Transmitter Types ............................................................................................................ 29 Reed Chain Transmitters ..................................................................................................29 Magnetostrictive Transmitters .......................................................................................... 30 Guided Wave Radar Transmitters .....................................................................................30 Selecting the Right Transmitter ........................................................................................31 Orion Instruments® Transmitters ..................................................................................... 32 6 Accessories Magnetic Level Switches ..................................................................................................35 Selecting a Magnetic Switch .............................................................................................35 Orion Instruments® Switches ........................................................................................... 35 Heat Tracing .................................................................................................................... 35 Selecting Heat Tracing ..................................................................................................... 36 Orion Instruments® Heat Tracing .................................................................................... 36 Insulation Blankets .......................................................................................................... 36 Selecting Insulation Blankets ........................................................................................... 36 Orion Instruments® Insulation .........................................................................................36 Frost Extension ................................................................................................................37 Magnetic Particle Traps ....................................................................................................37 Installation Considerations .............................................................................................. 37 7 Orion Instruments® MLIs Features ........................................................................................................................... 39 Configurations ................................................................................................................. 39 Atlas™ .............................................................................................................................. 40 Aurora® ............................................................................................................................ 41 Gemini™ .........................................................................................................................