AIR FORCE MANUAL 10-2503 BY ORDER OF THE SECRETARY OF THE AIR FORCE 14 MAY 2019 Operations OPERATIONS IN A CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, AND NUCLEAR (CBRN) ENVIRONMENT COMPLIANCE WITH THIS PUBLICATION IS MANDATORY ACCESSIBILITY: Publications and forms are available on the e-Publishing website at www.e-Publishing.af.mil for downloading or ordering RELEASABILITY: There are no releasability restrictions on this publication OPR: AF/A4 Certified by: AF/A4CX (Col Michael J. Zuhlsdorf) Supersedes: AFMAN10-2503, Pages: 132 8 May 2019 This publication implements AFPD 10-25, Air Force Emergency Management Program, and supports the integration of AFPD 10-26, Countering Weapons of Mass Destruction Enterprise, and AFI 10-2501, Air Force Emergency Management Program. This manual supports the integration of actions into a single installation CBRN Defense Program by establishing essential Ability to Survive and Operate (ATSO) standards and CBRN defense training and exercise competencies. It includes current Air Force (AF) doctrine, operational concepts, tactics, techniques, and procedures to enable both survival and the conduct and sustainment of operations in CBRN environments. It also provides commanders with operational standards to use when developing individual, unit, installation, and theater plans, training, and exercises. Within the context of this document, preventative actions are taken throughout the preparedness phase of attack management to protect the warfighter (force survivability) to enable mission continuation through the use of intelligence, inspections, evaluations, the integrated risk management process (IRMP), and improved security methods to prevent or lessen the effects of attacks/incidents. It applies to Total Force units worldwide. Consult the cited instructions, manuals and their supplements for specific policies, procedures and requirements. This publication may be supplemented at any level, but all supplements must be routed to the office of primary responsibility (OPR) listed above for coordination prior to certification and approval. Refer recommended changes and questions about this publication to the Office of Primary Responsibility (OPR) using the AF Form 847, Recommendation for Change of Publication; route AF Forms 847 from the field through appropriate functional’ s chain of command. Ensure that all 2 AFMAN10-2503 14 MAY 2019 records created as a result of processes prescribed in this publication are maintained in accordance with Air Force Manual (AFMAN) 33-363, Management of Records, and disposed of in accordance with Air Force Records Information Management System, and Records Disposition Schedule. The authorities to waive wing/unit level requirements in this publication are identified with a Tier (“T- 0, T-1, T-2, and T-3”) number following the compliance statement. See AFI 33-360, Publications and Forms Management, for a description of the authorities associated with the Tier numbers. Submit requests for waivers through the chain of command to the appropriate Tier waiver approval authority, or alternately, to the publication OPR for non-tiered compliance items. Refer recommended changes and questions about this publication to the Office of Primary Responsibility (OPR) using the AF Form 847, Recommendation for Change of Publication; route AF Forms 847 from the field through appropriate functional’ s chain of command. Ensure that all records created as a result of processes prescribed in this publication are maintained in accordance with Air Force Manual (AFMAN) 33-363, Management of Records, and disposed of in accordance with Air Force Records Information Management System, and Records Disposition Schedule at https://www.my.af.mil/afrims/afrims/afrims/rims.cfm recommended changes to AF EM Division, 1260 Air Force Pentagon (4C1057), Washington, District of Columbia 20330-1260 or [email protected]. SUMMARY OF CHANGES This document has been substantially revised and must be completely reviewed. The recent changes to this publication includes integrating the ability to survive and operate (ATSO) enabling standards, which includes Air Force (AF)-unique guidance for conducting operations in highly contested CBRN environments, and introduces new considerations for pre, trans, and post-attack actions. It also incorporates analytical data specific to CBRN defense operations and provides Commanders with courses of action to consider when preparing for, responding to, and recovering from CBRN attacks/incidents. Chapter 1— OPERATIONAL CONCEPTS AND STANDARDS 7 1.1. Introduction:............................................................................................................ 7 1.2. Doctrine, Policy, and Guidance: ............................................................................. 7 1.3. Mission. .................................................................................................................. 8 1.4. Joint Intelligence Preparation of the Operating Environment: ............................... 8 1.5. Operational Areas of Concern: .............................................................................. 10 Table 1.1. Overview of CBRN Exercise Competencies. ......................................................... 10 Table 1.2. Disconnects Between AF and MTTPs. ................................................................... 12 1.6. Standards. ............................................................................................................... 17 1.7. Operational Assumptions: ....................................................................................... 17 AFMAN10-2503 14 MAY 2019 3 1.8. Leadership Challenges and Responsibilities: .......................................................... 19 1.9. Organization: .......................................................................................................... 21 1.10. Host Nation Support: .............................................................................................. 22 1.11. Noncombatant Protection: ...................................................................................... 22 1.12. CBRN Defense Force Structure: ............................................................................. 23 1.13. Training and Exercises: .......................................................................................... 23 1.14. CBRN Defense: ...................................................................................................... 24 1.15. Theater Basing Options: ......................................................................................... 25 1.16. Medical Operations: ................................................................................................ 26 Chapter 2— INSTALLATION CBRN THREATS 32 Section 2A— Threat Assessment 32 2.1. Background: ............................................................................................................ 32 2.2. Operational Environment. ...................................................................................... 32 Table 2.1. Elements of AF CWMD Operations. ...................................................................... 34 Figure 2.1. Typical Theater Ballistic Missile Systems. ............................................................. 34 2.3. Installation Threat Assessments: ............................................................................. 35 Section 2B— CBRN Weapons Effects and Employment Strategies 36 2.4. Installation Attacks: ................................................................................................ 36 2.5. Theater Ballistic Missile (TBM) Systems ............................................................... 36 Figure 2.2. Typical Theater Ballistic Missile - Major Components. ......................................... 37 Figure 2.3. Estimated VX Liquid Agent Deposition Time Following a SCUD Airburst Warhead Detonation 250 Meters (820 feet) Above Ground Level. ......................... 38 Table 2.2. Potential SCUD Missile Impacts by Raid Size (Notional Estimate). ..................... 40 Table 2.3. TBM Warning Time Assessments for Installation Attacks. ................................... 41 2.6. Aircraft Threats. ...................................................................................................... 42 Table 2.4. Example of Aircraft Warning Time Assessment for Installation Attack. ............... 43 2.7. Cruise Missiles and UAS Threats: .......................................................................... 43 Figure 2.4. Typical Land Attack Cruise Missile Systems. ........................................................ 44 4 AFMAN10-2503 14 MAY 2019 Chapter 3— COUNTER-WEAPONS of MASS DESTRUCTION (C-WMD) PASSIVE DEFENSE PROGRAM 45 3.1. CWMD Operations and Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear (CBRN) Defense: ..................................................................................................... 45 3.2. Contamination Avoidance: ..................................................................................... 45 3.3. Protection: ............................................................................................................... 48 3.4. Contamination Control. ......................................................................................... 48 Chapter 4— CBRN COMMAND, CONTROL AND ATTACK WARNING 50 Section 4A— Command and Control 50 4.1. Installation Command and Control (C2) Organization. ......................................... 50 4.2. CAT and EOC