CALENDAR Morning and Evening Stars Seasons, Eclipses, Meteor Showers Chronological Eras and Cycles Calendars for 2018 and 2019 Star trails hirl around olaris the orth Star in early evening above the dome of the tto Struve Telesco e. The dome of the Harlan J. Smith Telesco e is at right. Courtesy of than T eedie hotogra hy. Astronomical Calendar 161 Astronomical Calendars for 2018 & 2019 An Explanation of Texas Time The Seasons The subsequent calendars were calculated prin- 2018 cipally from data on the U.S. aal bseratorys Spring — ea March 20, at 11:15 a.m. (CDT); website (http://www.usno.navy.mil/USNO) and from its Summer — ra June 21, at a publications Astronomical Phenomena for 2018 and Astronomical Phenomena for 2019. Autumn — Satra Sept. 22, at 8:54 p.m. (CDT); Winter — ra Dec. 21, at 4:23 p.m. (CST). Times listed here are Central Standard Time, ex- cept for the period from 2:00 a.m. on the second Sunday 2019 ar tl a o te firt Sa oeer Spring — eea March 20, at 4:58 p.m. (CDT); when Daylight Saving Time, which is one hour later Summer — ra June 21, at 10:54 a.m. (CDT); ta etral Staar e eet Autumn — oa Sept. 23, at 2:50 a.m. (CDT); ll o ea te etral e oe eet l Winter — Satra Dec. 21, at 10:19 p.m. (CST). Paso and Hudspeth counties and the northwest corner o lero ot oere ota e Mountain Time is one hour earlier than Central Time. Morning & Evening Stars All times are calculated for the intersection of Morning Stars, 2018 99 20 west lonitude and 31 08 north latitude Venus Ǩ — o e which is closest to the town of Mercury and about 15 Mars ǩ — a l le orteat o ra llo ot ot Jupiter ा — a a e e is the approximate geographical center of the state. Saturn ख़ — a e How to Adjust Rise & Set Times Evening Stars, 2018 o at te te o re or et oore or Venus Ǩ — e t ooet or a ot ea al te ollo rle Mars ǩ — l e Add four minutes to te te e t alear or Jupiter ा — a o ea eree o lote tat te lae le et o te Saturn ख़ — e e 99th meridian; subtract four minutes or ea eree o lote te lae le eat o te t era Morning Stars, 2019 At times there will be considerable variation for dis- Venus Ǩ — a l tae ort a ot o te le o ort lat- Mars ǩ — t e te t t orla ll e fietl loe relt Jupiter ा — a e The accompanying map shows the intersection for Saturn ख़ — a l all te e ere are allate t oe a- Evening Stars, 2019 or te a lote to a allat te Venus Ǩ — Set e lanetary Conurations henomena Mars ǩ — a l Jupiter ा — e e e eoea a laetar ofirato o ख़ te eae or a are e te eter Saturn — l e ol o te alear o ae elo a Major Meteor Showers explanation of the symbols used in those tables: /ઌ These are approximate dates. Listen to local news י ᓃ The Sun e art Uranus weather broadcasts several days beforehand to deter- ू ǩ ߅ The Moon Mars Neptune e ea oerato a a or eerall e- ࣕ Mercury ा Jupiter ᦥ Pluto et etee t a a o te ate lte Ǩ Venus ख़ Saturn Meteor shower dates are provided by McDonald Ob- Aspects: Conjunction & Opposition servatory, The University of Texas at Austin. Meteor Shower Peak 2018 Peak 2019 ዙ ol aear etee ol or Quadrantid Jan. 3 Jan. 4 eael oe ea te are “in conjunction,” that Lyrid April 21 April 22 a te ae lote te a aear ta ar a a ear ea oter or eale Ǩ ዙ ू means Venus is Pere north or south o te oo a e eree o- Orionid Oct. 21 Oct. 22 tions listed in this calendar are separated by 10 degrees eo o o or less. Inferior and superior conjuctions mean an in- e e e er lat e or err le t te S eter etee te art a te S (inferior) or on the op- Eclipses 2018 posite side of the Sun (superior). क़ This symbol means that the heavenly body listed Jan. 31 — Moon, total le North America ex- is in “opposition” to te S or tat te er et at eaa a a le at ort- eree o lote er Saaa eater roe Feb. 15 — Sun, partial tarta oter Sot Common Astronomical Terms era alla la H Aphelion Pot at a laet ort artet July 13 — Sun, partial, le aaa oter- from the sun. ot trala Steart la H Perihelion Pot at a laet ort ear- July 27 — Moon, total le tarta - est the sun. tralaa a a ra Saaa roe e- H Apogee at ot o te oo ort artet ro tral and eastern South America. the earth. Aug. 11 — Sun, partial visible in northernmost H Perigee at ot o te oo ort earet te aaa reela ela rt le Saaa earth. a aata rta oola a 162 Texas Almanac 2018–2019 103ϒ W 100ϒ W Longitude Longitude Dallam Sherman Hansford Ochiltree Lipscomb Texas Times Hartley MooreHutch- Roberts Hemphill inson See text for explanation of how Oldham PotterCarson Gray Wheeler to calculate sunrise, sunset, Amarillo moonrise and moonset Deaf 101ϒ 50' Collings- Smith Randall Armstrong Donley worth CENTRAL TIME ZONE TIME CENTRAL MOUNTAIN TIME ZONE TIME MOUNTAIN 99ϒ 20' W Parmer Castro Swisher Briscoe Hall Chil- dress Longitude 95ϒ W Wichita Falls Hardeman Longitude Bailey Lamb Hale Floyd Motley Cottle 98ϒ 30' Sherman Foard Wilbarger Wichita 96ϒ 36' Texarkana Coch- Hockley Lubbock Crosby Dickens King Knox Baylor Archer Lamar Red 94ϒ 03' ran Cooke Fannin River Lubbock Clay Montague Grayson Bowie 101ϒ 51' Delta Denton Titus Yoakum Terry Lynn Garza Kent Stone- Haskell Throck- Young Jack Wise Collin Hunt wall morton Hopkins Cass Rockwall Franklin Morris Camp Gaines Dawson Borden Scurry Fisher Jones Shackel- Stephens Palo Parker Tarrant Dallas Rains Wood ford Pinto Marion 106ϒ W Kaufman Van Upshur Abilene Dallas Zandt Harrison Longitude Smith Gregg Andrews Martin HowardMitchell 99ϒ 44' Callahan Eastland Erath Hood 96ϒ 48' Tyler Johnson ϒ Panola Nolan Taylor Somervell Ellis 95 18' Hill Henderson Ector Midland Glass- Sterling Coke Runnels Coleman Navarro Chero- Bosque Anderson kee El Paso Hudspeth Culberson Loving cock Brown Comanche Rusk Shelby Winkler Waco Nacog- Hamilton ϒ Lime- El Paso Odessa Mills 97 09' stone Freestone doches Reeves Ward Reagan Tom 106ϒ 29' 102ϒ 22' Green Irion McLennan Leon Houston Crane Upton Concho Coryell Sabine Falls San San Saba Lampasas Angelina Augustine 31ϒ 08' N San Angelo McCulloch Trinity 100ϒ 26' GEOGRAPHIC Bell Robert- Madison Tyler Jeff Davis Crockett Menard son Latitude Milam Walker Pecos Schleicher CENTER Williamson Newton Brazos Jasper Mason Polk Sutton Kimble Burnet San Terrell Llano Burleson Jacinto Gillespie Blanco Travis Austin Grimes Hardin Presidio Brewster Lee Montgomery Liberty Val Verde Edwards Kerr 97ϒ 44' Washington Hays Waller Orange Bastop Jefferson Kendall Austin Harris CENTRAL TIME CENTRAL MOUNTAIN TIME MOUNTAIN Real Bandera Comal Caldwell Fayette Houston Chambers Bexar Guada- Colorado 95ϒ 22' Kinney Uvalde Medina lupe Fort Galveston San Antonio Gonzales Lavaca Bend Beaumont 98ϒ 30' Wharton Brazoria Wilson 94ϒ 06' Maverick Zavala Frio Atascosa DeWitt Jackson Victoria Matagorda Karnes Galveston Goliad Dimmit La McMullen Live Bee Calhoun 94ϒ 48' Salle Oak Refugio Webb San Eclipses 2019 Duval Jim Patricio Wells Aransas Nueces Jan. 5–6 — Sun, partial le eter Corpus Christi laa a oola aa ort roea Laredo Kleberg 97ϒ 24' 99ϒ 30' Jim Brooks Kenedy Jan. 21 — Moon, total, visible in Americas, Zapata Hogg le at ra roe eaa a July 2 — Sun, total, visible in South America. Starr July 16–17 — Moon, partial, le tralaa Hidalgo Willacy a ra roe Sot era Cameron Nov. 11 — Transit of Mercury, visible in North and Brownsville 97ϒ 30' South America, roe ra eaa e eala Dec. 26 — Sun, annular, le a ra ole er or Lunar Cycle ..........V Solar Cycle ..................11 Chronological Eras & Cycles Chronological Eras, 2019 Chronological Eras, 2018 The year 2019 of the Christian era comprises the latter art o te r a te e o te t The year 2018 of the Christian era comprises the year of the independence of the United States of Ameri- latter art o te a te e o te r a a orreo to te ear o te la er- year of the independence of the United States of Amer- o ll ate elo are e ter o te reora a a orreo to te ear o te la e- alear a orreo to a ro ll ate elo are e ter o te reora o te la alear alear a orreo to a o te la alear Era Year Begins ate ........................ ..........................Sept. 14 Era Year Begins Jewish (A.M.)* ................ ..........................Sept. 29 ate ......................... ......................... Sept. 14 ee .........4656 .............................Feb. 5 Jewish (A.M.)* ................. ........................... Sept. 9 oa .............. ............................Jan. 14 ee ........4655 .......................... Feb. 16 Nabonassar .................... ...........................April 19 oa ............... ...........................Jan. 14 Japanese ........................ ..............................Jan. 1 Nabonassar ..................... .......................... April 19 rea Sele....... 2331 .........Sept. 14 or Oct. 14 Japanese ......................... .............................Jan. 1 a Saa .................. 1941 .........................March 22 rea Sele........2330 ........ Sept. 14 or Oct. 14 Diocletian (Coptic) .......... ..........................Sept. 12 a Saa ...................1940 ........................March 22 la era .............1441 ........................... Diocletian (Coptic) ........... ......................... Sept. 11 la era ..............1440 ......................... Sept. 11 *Year begins at sunset. *Year begins at sunset. Chronological Cycles, 2019 Dominical Letter ........ F Julian Period ........... Chronological Cycles, 2018 at ......................... oa to ............12 Dominical Letter .......