Updated District Level Database (Unapportioned) Documentation of Files: 1990-91 to 2015-16 Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 1 1. File Groups and Data Files Included in the Database ................................................................................. 2 2. Summary of Meso-level Database Documentation .................................................................................... 4 3. List and Description of Data Files ............................................................................................................... 7 4. Data Clarification and Anomalies ............................................................................................................. 18 5. Available and Missing Data ....................................................................................................................... 20 6. Data Sources ............................................................................................................................................. 31 Appendices .................................................................................................................................................. 32 Appendix 1. Districts (2015 district boundaries) ................................................................................. 32 Appendix 2. Identifiers ........................................................................................................................ 46 iv Introduction The expanded and updated 20 states’ district-level database includes data on key agriculture and socio- economic variables from 1990 to 2015. This documentation is for the updated unapportioned database. The database builds on the previous ICRISAT district-level database of 13 states (Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal and Odisha) and an additional 3 states (Assam, Himachal Pradesh and Kerala), 3 newly formed states in 2000 (Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Uttarakhand) and Telangana formed in 2013. The previous database was created with funding support from ICRISAT, World Bank, System Wide Livestock Program (SLP-CGIAR) in collaboration with National Institute of Agricultural Economics and Policy Research (NIAP), a think tank of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi. The update being jointly carried out by ICRISAT and Tata Cornell Institute (TCI) includes data for all districts in 20 states until 2015. It includes data on crop area and production, irrigated area, monthly rainfall and livestock and agricultural implements, operational holdings and population census data, and selected socio-economic and agro-ecological variables. Additionally, the scope of the database has been expanded to include data on soft infrastructure related to education, health, nutrition and credit. Data on environmental variables like temperature, Actual Evapotranspiration (AET), Potential Evapotranspiration (PET), etc., was generated using pixel-level data from Terra Climate database. A web-based interactive tool (with a dashboard and spatial maps) is being created to add value to the database that will allow quick access to and extraction of information. The database is divided into two datasets, apportioned with only the 1966 base districts and unapportioned which includes all the districts formed until 2015 in 20 states of India. This database relates to the district boundaries prevailing in 2015 and includes 571 districts. A list of districts by state as on 2015 is given in Appendix 1. The current documentation includes a list and description of data files, data clarification and anomalies, available and missing data and data sources. The data are stored in an Excel spreadsheet. The compilation, computerization, proof reading and subsequent validation of raw data were extremely time consuming; so was matching data from different states and sources. Despite our efforts, several anomalies remain in the database and are highlighted in the section on ‘Data clarification and anomalies’. Users are urged to bring to our notice any glaring data inconsistencies so that improvements can be made to its quality and also read the documentation carefully prior to using the data, particularly the sections on ‘Data clarification and anomalies’ and ‘Missing data’. Several data sources were utilized to compile this database. Many times, staff working on this project had to visit state Directorates of Agriculture and state Bureaus of Economics and Statistics, Department of Animal Husbandry, Department of Horticulture. The support and cooperation extended by these organizations is highly appreciated, but for which this database would not have been completed. 1 1. File Groups and Data Files Included in the Database The database is divided into the following file groups and stored in Excel spreadsheet. File groups and data files File groups and data files I Crops VII Livestock products 1 Area, production and yield (APY) 1 Milk 2 Area under high yielding varieties (cereals) 2 Meat II Irrigation 3 Egg 1 Crop-wise VIII Infrastructure 2 Source-wise 1 Markets and roads III Biophysical 2 Banks and post offices 1 Land use 3 Veterinary institutions (under progress) 2 Monthly rainfall 4 Health (under progress) 3 Normal rainfall IX Domestic product 4 Soil type1 1 Sector-wise GDP 5 Length of growing period (LGP)1 X2 Environment (pixel generated) IV Inputs 1 Actual Evapotranspiration (AET) 1 Fertilizer consumption 2 Potential Evapotranspiration (PET) 2 Seasonal fertilizer consumption 3 Climate Water Deficit (Def) V Prices 4 Precipitation (Ppt) 1 Farm harvest prices (FHP) 5 Maximum Temperature (Tmax) VI Census 6 Minimum Temperature (Tmin) 1 Population 1. Variables in the data files are static, i.e., single point 2 Livestock data, not time series. 2. 3 Crossbred and indigenous cattle Environment variables generated from Pixel level data. 4 Agricultural implements 5 Operational holdings 2 Standalone additional files for bulk download only. Name of the file Years Source Fruits area, production and yield 2005 to 2015 State Horticulture Department Vegetables area, production and yield 2005 to 2015 State Horticulture Department Spices area, production and yield Select states based State Horticulture Department on availability Season-wise area, production and yield 1997 to 2015 Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Government of India GDP (current & constant) 1993 to 2011 State Directorate of Economics and Statistics NDP (current & constant) 1993 to 2011 State Directorate of Economics and Statistics Education 2002 to 2015 District Information System for Education (DISE) Warehouses and godowns As on 2015 Central Warehousing Corporation, Delhi Cold storage Central Warehousing Corporation, Delhi Groundwater table Central Groundwater Water Board Credit 2000 to 2015 Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Nutrition 2014 National Family Health Survey (NHFS) Night lights Terra Climate Environment Windspeed 1958 to 2015 Terra Climate Runoff 1958 to 2015 Terra Climate 3 2. Summary of Meso-level Database Documentation The district level database for India is divided into two parts: apportioned and unapportioned. This document relates to the unapportioned database for all the districts in 20 states of India. States covered Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Uttarakhand, Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Kerala and Telangana. Years 1990-91 to 2015-16 Number of districts by state: 2015 Unapportioned State code Name of State Number of districts in 2015 1 Andhra Pradesh 13 2 Bihar 38 3 Gujarat 33 4 Haryana 22 5 Karnataka 30 6 Madhya Pradesh 51 7 Maharashtra 36 8 Odisha 30 9 Punjab 22 10 Rajasthan 33 11 Tamil Nadu 32 12 Uttar Pradesh 75 13 West Bengal 23 14 Chhattisgarh 27 15 Jharkhand 24 16 Uttarakhand 13 17 Assam 33 18 Himachal Pradesh 12 19 Kerala 14 20 Telangana# 10 Total 571 # Since this state was formed in 2013, data is available only from 2014. 4 Missing data Missing data are shown as ‘-1’ in the data files for the following cases: ♦ Complete year missing for all variables in a file (i.e., variable group) for selected states/year not included in the dataset. ♦ Missing for a few districts for some variables in a file. ♦ Missing for a specific crop/variable in a file for selected states (for instance, the crop is not grown in a particular state). Data format The data are stored in Excel spreadsheet. The database is divided into 26 data files. Common variables Each file in the database has the following four common identifier variables: State code, State name, District code and District name. Additional identifier variables related to agro-ecological zone, SAT and non-SAT are available in Appendix 2. Summary of data files File description Variable name Time series data files Area and production Rice, Wheat, Sorghum (kharif), Sorghum (rabi), Sorghum (total), Pearl millet, Maize, Finger millet, Barley, Cereals, Chickpea, Pigeonpea, Minor pulses, Total pulses, Groundnut, Sesamum, Rapeseed and Mustard, Safflower, Castor, Linseed, Sunflower, Soyabean, Total oilseeds, Sugarcane, Cotton, Fruits, Vegetables, Total fruits and vegetables, Potato, Onion, Fodder Area under HYV cereal Rice, Wheat, Sorghum, Pearl millet, Maize, Finger millet, Total HYV area crops Crop-wise irrigated area