Cancer Incidence in Selected Municipalities of the Eastern Cape Province, 1998-2002 PROMEC Cancer Registry Technical Report October 2007 CANCER INCIDENCE IN SELECTED MUNICIPALITIES OF THE EASTERN CAPE PROVINCE, 1998-2002 Prepared by: Ms Nontuthuzelo IM Somdyala, Professor Debbie Bradshaw, Ms Bronwyn Curtis and Professor Wentzel CA Gelderblom PROMEC Unit Cancer Registry is situated at the Building C, Second Floor of the Medical Research Council in Tygerberg, Cape Town Physical Address: Building C, Second Floor, Room 306 Francie Van Zijl Drive Parowvalley, Cape Town Postal Address Burden of Disease Research Unit PO Box 19070 Tygerberg 7505 South Africa Telephone: +27 21 938 0314 Fax: +27 21 938 0310 E-mail: [email protected] ISBN- 978-1-920014-42-X Copyright information Copyright 2007, South African Medical Research Council. All materials in this report may be reproduced and copied. However, citation as to source is appreciated. Citation Somdyala NIM, Bradshaw D, Curtis B, Gelderblom WCA. Cancer incidence in selected municipalities of the Eastern Cape Province, 1998-2002: PROMEC Cancer Registry Technical Report. Cape Town: South African Medical Research Council, 2007. Table of Contents Acknowledgements...............................................................................................................................i Abbreviations and Acronyms..............................................................................................................iii Executive summary.............................................................................................................................iv Introduction .........................................................................................................................................1 Methods .........................................................................................................................................2 Data analysis ....................................................................................................................................3 Population under surveillance..........................................................................................................3 Risk factor profile ............................................................................................................................7 Results .........................................................................................................................................7 Total number of new cases...............................................................................................................7 Age standardised incidence rates (ASR)..........................................................................................9 Common cancers............................................................................................................................11 Oesophagus cancer (OC) ...............................................................................................................13 Cervical and breast cancer .............................................................................................................14 Lung cancer....................................................................................................................................16 Prostate cancer ...............................................................................................................................18 Liver cancer....................................................................................................................................20 Kaposi sarcoma..............................................................................................................................22 Cancer profile by magisterial area .................................................................................................23 Childhood cancers..........................................................................................................................28 Comparison with selected populations ..............................................................................................29 Challenges of the registry ..................................................................................................................34 Conclusion and Recommendations....................................................................................................35 References .......................................................................................................................................37 Appendices Appendix I: List of collaborating hospitals.....................................................................39 Appendix II: Age pyramids by magisterial area ...............................................................40 Appendix III: Living conditions by magisterial area .........................................................42 Appendix IV: Cancer incidence by age, sex and site .........................................................52 List of tables Table S1. Percentage distribution of leading cancers by sex, 1998-2002..................................................... iv Table S2. Age standardised rates for most common cancers by magisterial area and sex, 1998-2002 ......... v Table S3. Cancers aged 0-14 years by site and sex, 1998-2002....................................................................vi Table 1: Characteristics of households and population in cancer register region ........................................ 7 Table 2: Number of cases recorded each year by sex, 1998-2002............................................................... 7 Table 3: Number of cases reported each year by district, 1998-2002.......................................................... 8 Table 4: Method of diagnosis of cancers, 1998-2002 .................................................................................. 9 Table 5: Pathology only cases, by district, 1998-2002 ................................................................................ 9 Table 6: Incidence of common cancers by age and annual age standardised rate per 100 000 population by sex, 1998-2002...................................................................................................... 10 Table 7: Cancers aged 0-14 years for males and females, 1998-2002....................................................... 28 List of figures Figure 1: Health Facilities in the cancer registration area ............................................................................. 2 Figure 2a: Population distribution, Umzimkhulu............................................................................................ 4 Figure 2b: Population distribution, Northern region ....................................................................................... 5 Figure 2c: Population distribution, Southern region ....................................................................................... 5 Figure 3: Population pyramid, 2001.............................................................................................................. 6 Figure 4: Total number of cancer cases by source, 1998-2002 ..................................................................... 8 Figure 5: Annual age standardised cancer incidence rates (per 100 000 population) by magisterial area and sex, 1998-2002 .............................................................................................................. 11 Figure 6: Annual age standardised rates (per 100 000 population) of leading cancers by sex, 1998-2002 .................................................................................................................................... 12 Figure 7: Annual age specific rates (per 100 000 population) for oesophagus cancer by sex, 1998-2002 .................................................................................................................................... 13 Figure 8: Oesophagus cancer age standardised rates (per 100 000 population) by magisterial area, 1998-2002 .................................................................................................................................... 14 Figure 9: Annual age specific rates (per 100 000 population) for cervix and breast cancer, 1998-2002.... 15 Figure 10: Cervix and breast cancers age standardised rates (per 100 000 population) by magisterial area, 1998-2002............................................................................................................................ 16 Figure 11: Annual age specific rates (per 100 000 population) for lung cancer by sex, 1998-2002............. 17 Figure 12: Lung cancer age standardised rates (per 100 000 population) by magisterial area, 1998-2002 .. 18 Figure 13: Annual age specific rates (per 100 000 population) for prostate cancer by sex, 1998-2002 ....... 19 Figure 14: Prostate cancer age standardised rates (per 100 000 population) by magisterial area, 1998-2002 .................................................................................................................................... 20 Figure 15: Annual age specific rates (per 100 000 population) for liver cancer by sex, 1998-2002............. 21 Figure 16: Liver cancer age standardised rates per 100 000 by magisterial area, 1998-2002....................... 22 Figure 17: Kaposi sarcoma cancer age standardised rates (per 100 000 population) by magisterial area, 1998-2002 ...................................................................................................................................