DOCUMENT RESUME ED 311 887 IR 014 011 AUTHOR Ullmer, Eldon J. TITLE Videodisc Technology. INSTITUTION National Library of Medicine (DHHS/NIH), Bethesda, Md. REPORT NO LHNCBC-89-1 PUB DATE Jan 89 NOTE 26p.; LISTER HILL Monograph. PUB TYPE Information Analyses (070) -- Book/Product Reviews (072) EDRS PRICE mFo1 /Pc02 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Allied Health Occupations Education; Authoring Aids (Programing); Computer System Design; Interactive Video; Media Selection; Medical Education; Optical Disks ABSTRACT Developed as a service to the health sciences community, this monograph is intended as an introduction to interactive videodisk technology. It describes both videodisk and compact disk technologies and different videodisk player formats, and discusses some of the major factors that educators considering videodisk adoption should consider. The first chapter introduces videodisk technology and describes its various formats, including electrical capacitance videodisks, optical laser videodisks, videodisk display and interactive features, audio and interactive videodisks, and recordable videodisk technology. The second chapter describes compact disk systems, including compact disk-digital audio (CA-DA), compact disk-video (CD-V), compact disk-read only memory (CD-ROM), compact-disk interactive (CD-I), digital video interactive (DVI), and recordable (WORM) and erasable compact disks (still under development). The third chapter outlines videodisk system selection factors and includes information on choosing a technology format, comparing production processes, authoring tools, and integrated interactive videodisk systems. The final chapter briefly reviews the application of videodisk technology in the health professions. Six appendixes provide lists of selected information sources on videodisk technology, including associations, videodisk and general educational technology periodicals, books, industry guides, and training resource organizations. (14 references) (GL) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. U f DEPARTMENT OfEDUCATION Office of Educational Rnasarch and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCESINFORMATION CENTER tERI., This document hasbeen reproduced as received from the personor organuhon ondinafing .1 Cl Knot changes havebeen made to .mptove reproduction duality Pants of vle* of ommons statedgl tars docu man, do not necaSsanly represent Oval OEM positton or poIrcy Videodisc Technology The Learning 4 far Toolonology Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications Educational Technology Branch U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES Public Health ServiceNational Institutes of Health National Library of Medicine O c4z BEST COPYAVAILABLE 2 LISTER HILL Monograph LFINCBC 89-1 VIDEODISC TECHNOLOGY by Eldon J. Ullmer, Ph.D. Educational Technology Bram h Lister Hill National Center for Biomedkal CommutuLations National Library of Medicine Bethesda, MD 20804 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service National Institutes of Health National Library of Medicine January 1989 Ullmer, Eldon J. Videodisc technology / by Eldon J. Ullmer. Bethesda, MD : U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine, 11989] (Lister Hill monograph ; LHNCBC 89-1) "January 1989." Bibliography: leaf (20). 1. Video Recording methods I. Title II. Series 02NLM: TK 6685 U41v Organization References and Acknowledgements Computer and Intel-acmedeo product deelopment is a tidespredd enterprise in t hit h many tommertial firms ,ire engaged Some of these firms and some product names are mentioned in this monograph, indm others, okiousk, are not. The use of a firm or product name does not In any tt ay tonstitute an endor,tment of that firm or product. Also, many product name, are registered trademarks of indrt dual firms \tilde man\ other terms are simply generally att tined noment !attire in the field. The follott lag listis pro- t did to atknott ledge terms knottn or thought to be trade- marks held k particular firtns. Apple is a trademarkf Apple Computer, Inc. CDS Genesis is a trademark of Interattit e Technologies Corporation IBM, IBM Info\Vmdm System, Personal Computer AT, Personal Computer \T, and Personal System r2 arc trademarks of International Business Mathines, Inc. ItonAuthor is a trademark of Aimtech Corporation IV-D is a trademark of Computer Stientes Corporation LaserFilm is a trademark of McDonnell Douglas Electronics Company LaserWritc is a trademark of Opntal Data Corporation Nts-Dosis a trademark of Mitrosoft Corporation OASYS is a trademark of Online Computer Systems QUEST is a trademark of Allen Communit anon Sony and Sony VIEW System are trademarks of Som Corporation Foreword In keeping \ ith a long-standing commitment of the [Aster Hill National Center for Biomedkal Communkanons at the National Librar \ of Medkine to de\ clop and support mno\ methods for training health pare professionals, the Edukanonal Techook\g\ Branch konddk ts research and developmentin applying computer, audio\ usual and multimedia technologies to health professions education. Mush of this reeuch and de\ elopment hos lo t. used on interacm e eduk anonal tee hnolop the delivery of medical education through the combined use of microcomputer tekhnolog% and ktdeodisk-based images. The Learning Center for Interacts e Technology (TLC) is maintained by the Educational Technology Branch as a "hands-on" laboratory where %isiting medical educators and scientists can explore the potential of interakme technolog\ for improving medical education. TLC staff pros ide tutorials in setting-up and using \ anous hardware systems and in the instructional design alternank es for de% eloping interak tn e course\ are. Our hope is to capture the essence of these tutorials in this series of TLC monographs and thereb\ create a set of practical handbooks %%Ilk h will guide the reader into the new world of interactive educational technology. Michael 1. Ackerman, Ph.D. Chief, Edu, anonal Technology Branch Preface Publications about arpling technology to professional education, and to higher education generally, are plentiful. And tech- nological de%ites suitable for instructional use are everywhere ii%ailable. Still, lasting innmations in technology -based teaching remain relamely uncommon. Historically, one reason for this intongruity may he that educators and educational technologists too readily assumed that simply putting new communication media to use would largely sole teaching problems in am' discipline or setting. V. e now know better. The instructional technologies that now command our atter: tion mainl% microcomputers and interactive % 'deo mstemsare at once more complex and more powerful than earlier media forms. Their successful use will require extensive technical know ledge, rigorous attention to the principles of instructional design, careful planning and, perhaps, a hit of luck. This monograph was de%eloped as a sere ice to the health sciences community and is intended as an introduc- tion to interactive videodisc technology Thus it was written to provide a brief overview rather than a detailed a.aalvsas of the field. It is offered %%ith the hope that it will promote interest inapph ing interactive t,Nhnology to health pro:essions education and with the expectation that it will he followed by other publications that address specific problems in that undertaking. Contents Page Introdut non . .1 I.\'ideodisc Technology and Formats 3 II. Compact Disk. Systems III. \'ideodisc System Selection Factors ... 13 R'. \'ideodisc Use: A Brief Look 17 Appendix ..19 I II Introduction After Scottish inventor John Lope Baird successfully demon for facilitating the design and delivery of instruction, for con- strated television image transmission using a mechanical ducnng research to compare alternate instructional strategies, scanning disk in 1926, and sub: oquently de osed a means for and for introducing lasting innovations in reaching has recording TV signals on a concentric track disk, nearly a caught the imagination of many professional educators. half-century would pass helot e the technological, manufacturing, This increasing interest in the videodisc nr'd its potential and marketing developments necessary to make the videodisc has underscored the need for publications that identify the a viable instrument for storing, retrieving and dispensing members of this new media "family," explain the underlying audio and visual information would materialize. Since 1980, technology, and provide the definitions necessary to clarify however, enthusiasm for videodisc systems has grown immensely the differences between optical and electronic videodisc systems, among educators and other information management profes- between contact and non-contact systems, between reflective sionals. Indeed, Peter Howsie (1987) recently observed: "A and transmissive discs, between consumer and industrial person making a survey of the literature about interactive machines, between "Intelligent" and "dumb" systems, and videodisc could easily conclude that a revolution in education between the various "levels" of interaction that different and training had taken place" (p. 5). videodisc systems afford. Revolutions in education and training are rare, and Moreover, the technology has not stood still. Advances cautious observers note that there is little credible evidence in digital technology have resulted in a new family of "compact to justify the cost of widespread