International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 29 Number 7- November 2015 Smart Gateway Reference Architecture for Industrial Internet of Things- Design, Enterprise Implementation, Experience Jayakumar Vk, Kasi Viswanathan U, Kannan Sankar Sensor to Software Innovations Lab, TATA Consultancy Services, Chennai cloud. IoT enables any real world object to participate Abstract— The Internet of things(IoT) enables to connect in the Internet. Advancements in both data acquisition and control various assets and enables to transfer the data over a network without requiring human-to-human or and control such as more accurate and efficient sensors human-to-computer interaction by providing unique and actuators as well as significant advancements in identifiers in cloud(public or non-public). There are sensors data processing made available due to faster and and data collectors required when there is a need to cheaper processing units has made the possibility of a communicate between the physical and the software world of networked, intelligent devices a very real environment. IoT is about controlling devices, that need possibility. Though initially designed in the context of remote monitoring and analytics enabled control to share the relevant data on cloud. The current communication supply chain management, IoT has been covering an focusses on challenges to build a generic gateway reference entire spectrum of applications like healthcare, utilities, solution that can accommodate various protocols, open and transport etc. [4]. To realize an efficient, secure, propitiatory, without comprising on security and safety. scalable IoT vision, a universal gateway that connects Though there are many mechanisms to push the data to the things is essential. Jayavardhana Gubbi et. al proposed cloud, collected from various industrial sensors, the need for an novel integrated Sensor–Actuator–Internet a universal industrial standard gateway is imperative Connecting various assets like a device to a sensor for framework around which a smart environment could be remote communication and monitoring systems at another shaped[4]. end to improve reliability and productivity can add great Cloud computing IoT has many potential benefits for value to solutions. Also connecting devices to the cloud gives both individuals and industries. Some of the potential an additional approaches to the system – end users, service benefits include improved supply chain management, providers and equipment OEMs. To embark onto such smarter homes and devices, improved energy approaches a universal bridge between the cloud and the sensors without disturbing the existing architecture is management, manufacturing automation, improved mandatory. The current work provides a platform industrial diagnostic systems, and better healthcare independent framework and reference architecture to design services [2]. Despite the widespread agreement a smart gateway for industries, without disturbing their towards the potential benefits of IoT, there has not yet operations or existing configurations. Based on practical evolved a concept that is generally accepted [2]. An enterprise level implementation, an architecture is proposed IoT system must have three important characteristic, a for smart gateway, which enabled a hassle free implementation of promising application to integrate comprehensive sensing of all relevant data, reliable and sensors and improved global supply chain management secure transmission of sensory and control information logistics for assets like HVAC and UPS between devices and to the cloud, and finally processing the data intelligently at various stages in the Index Terms—IoT, Smart Gateway Reference IoT network [3]. Standardization bodies have Architecture, Sensors for Remote Monitoring, Cloud developed sensor standard that can leverage internet protocols to access sensor values corresponding to equipment [4, 5]. Based on literature survey, it was I. INTRODUCTION inferred that though many architecture The Internet of Things (IoT) is regarded to be the conceptualization [2] for IoT has been presented but next major step towards the acquisition and processing the design for an unified proven framework to integrate of massively distributed information. In spite of the legacy and smart systems has not yet been conceived. acceptance on the great potential of the concept and the In the rest of the communication, the need for an significant progress in a number of IT enabling industrial gateway, solution to the problems, technologies, there is a general lack of an integrated generalized architecture, results based on real time vision on the realization [1]. With giant leap in sensor vendor agnostic implementation are discussed in detail. and distributed sensor technology, the ability to infer The key challenge and the solution to convert a legacy information from different eco systems has been greatly system in an IoT enabled environment is also covered. enhanced [2]. Any framework that claims to encompass IoT technology, is expected to have three important II. NEED FOR INDUSTRIAL IOT GATEWAY characteristics- comprehensive sensing, reliable transmission through internet, intelligent processing in A. Legacy Sensory Systems One of the major challenges in implementing an IoT ISSN: 2231-5381 http://www.ijettjournal.org Page 352 International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 29 Number 7- November 2015 solution in Industries is that legacy systems use a wide C. PROPRIETARY PROTOCOL variety of sensors that communicate using variety of Another challenge in industrial IoT is the presence of protocols. All the segregated data from various systems proprietary protocols. Proprietary protocols owned by needs to be made available on the internet. Existing a single organization or individual and are not freely sensors can be broadly classified into the following distributed, thereby making the data acquisition types: difficult. Proprietors may enforce restrictions through • Analog sensors, that provide output in the form control of the intellectual property rights. Legacy analog, non-quantized voltage, current, resistance, systems have different proprietary protocols. charge or capacitance. Connecting different protocols involves providing a • Digital sensors, that use serial and parallel outputs common interface between the protocols. But to send information contained in bits, pulse or industries deal with a number of sensors and devices. continuous digital signals. Connecting all these protocols manually is difficult. • Intelligent sensors, that performs basic data Thus the IoT gateway helps us overcome this difficulty. acquisition and processing at source and provides an Some common industrial protocols include: output in serial, digital or parallel form. Process automation protocols such as CC-Link B. Variety of Sensors Industrial Networks, CIP, CAN bus(CANopen,DeviceNet), ControlNet, A deeper look into industrial sensors reveals a wide DirectNET, EtherCAT, Ethernet Global Data array of sensor types that are currently in use [10,11]. (EGD), Ethernet Powerlink, EtherNet/IP, These include, but are not limited to: Factory Instrumentation Protocol, Honeywell • Acceleration sensors, such as accelerometers SDS, HostLink, INTERBUS, • Bio-signal sensors, such as Electrocardiogram MECHATROLINK, Modbus, Optomux, (ECG), Electroencephalogram (EEG), PieP, Profibus, PROFINET IO, SERCOS Electromyography (EMG) sensors, interface, SERCOS III, Sinec H1, SynqNet, Electrooculography (EOG) sensors, and Galvanic Skin TTEthernet, RAPIEnet. Response (GSR) sensors. • Distance sensors, such as capacitive, Hall Effect, Industrial Control System Protocols such as infrared and air pressure. OPC DA, OPC HAD, OPC UA, MTConnect. • Force/pressure/strain/bend sensors, such as Fiber Building Automation Protocols such as 1-Wire, Optic Sensors, Flexion Sensors, Force-Sensitive BACnet, C-Bus, Factory Instrumentation Resistors (FSR), Load Cells, Co-ordinates & Pressure Protocol, KNX, LonTalk, Modbus, oBIX, Sensitive Sensors, Miniature Pressure Transducers, VSCP, X10, xAP, xPL, ZigBee Piezoelectric Ceramic and Film, Strain Gauge Power System Automation Protocols such as • Flow sensors such as ultrasound sensors IEC 60870, IEC 60870-5, IEC 60870-6, • Humidity sensors such as Hygrometers DNP3, Factory Instrumentation Protocol, IEC • Linear position sensors such as Hall Effect 61850, IEC 62351, Modbus, Profibus sensors, Linear Position (Touch), Linear Position Automatic Meter Reading Protocols such as (Slider), Linear Variable Differential Transformer ANSI C12.18, IEC 61107, DLMS/IEC (LVDT) and Co-ordinates & Pressure Sensitive 62056, M-Bus, Modbus, ZigBee, AFDX, Sensors ARINC 429, CAN bus(ARINC 825,SAE • Orientation sensors such as Accelerometers, J1939,NMEA 2000,FMS), Factory Inclinometers and Magnetometers Instrumentation Protocol, FlexRay, IEBus, • Radio Frequency Sensors such as Radio J1587, J1708, Keyword Protocol 2000, Frequency Identification (RFID), Rotary Position, Unified Diagnostic Services, LIN, MOST, Rotary Encoder. VAN • Rotary Potentiometer such as Rotary Velocity Other features of legacy systems that need to need to sensors and Gyroscopes be considered while implementing an IoT solution • Switches, On-Off - temperature controlled include data access problem due to single master • Vibration sensors such as piezoelectric ceramic concept, different data rates of sensors, ruggedness and film required, noise immunity, managing distributed system, • Visible