GOVERNMENT OF BIHAR DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK RANCHI By RANCHOR PRASAD, M.A., l.A S. Superintendent 0/ CellslIs Operations, HiI,aJ. PRINTED BY THE SUPERINTENDENT SECRETARIAT PRESS, BIHAR, PATNA 1956 ( Price-Rs. 5 ] TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE Preface Population Map 1. Scheme of Tables-Census Tracts i-ii PART I 2. A-GENERAL POPULATION' TABLES- I-Area, Houses and Population 2 II-Variation in population during fifty years 3 III-Towns and villages classified by population 12 IV-Towns classified by population with variation since 1901 14 V-Towns arranged territorially with population by Livelihood Classes 15 3. B-EoONO!IIO TABLES- I-Livelihood Classes and Sub-Classes .. ' 18 II-;-Secondary means of livelihood 26 III-Employers, Employees and Independent workers .. 51 ·4. C-HOUSEHOLD AND AGE (SAMPLE) TABLES­ I-Household (Size and Composition) 82 II-Livelihood Classes by age-groups 84 III-Age and Civil conditions .. 87 IV-Age and Literacy 91 V-Single Year Age Returns 94 -5. D-SOCIAL AND CULTURAL TABLES­ I-Languages-(i) Mother tongue 99 (ii) Bilingualism 104 II-Religion 109 III-Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, Backward and Non-Backward 112 Classes IV-Migrants 114 VII-Livelihood Classes by Educational Standards 117 6. E-SUMMARY FIGURES BY SUBDIVISIONS, REVENUE THANAS AND POLICE STATIONS 136 '7. ANALYSIS OF IMPORTANT CENSUS DATA- (1) Area and population, actual and percentage by Revenue Thana Density 144 (2) Variation and Density of General Population 144 (3) Mean Decennial Growth Rates during three decades 144 (4) Immigration .. 145 (5) Distribution of Population 1?etween villages 146 (6) Number per 1,000 of the Population and each Livelihood Class who" live 146 in Towns. PAGE (7) Agricultura,l Classes per 1,000 persons .<?f General Population number 146- in each class and sub-class of 10,000 persons of all agricultural classes. (8) Non-agricultural Classes per 1,000 persons of General Population, 147 number in each class and sub-class of 10,000 persons of all non- agricultural classes and number of employers, employees and indepen- dent workers per 10,000, self-supporting persons of all non-agricul- tural classes. (9) Persons per 1,000 houses, and houses per 100 square miles .. 14T (10) Distribution by size of 1,000 sample households of Rural and Urban 14T Population. (11) Family composition of 1,000 households of General Population 148· (12) Females per 1,000 males (General Rural and Urban) and comparison with 148 previous censuses. (13) Females per 1,000 males in Agricultural Classes and Sub-Classes 148 (14) Females per 1,000 males in Non-Agricultural Classes and Sub-Classes.. 149' 8. STATISTICS RELATING TO RAINfALL AND AGRICULTURE- ( 1) Rainfall 150' (2) Cultivation- (a) Classification of land 150' (b) Progress of cultivation during three decades 150 (c) Land area per capita (1951); and trend of cultivation per capita 151 during three decades. (d) Area under principal crops 151 (e) Distribution of 1,000 Agricultural Holdings by size of holdings 151 9. SUMMARY FIGURES OF LIVESTOCK CENSUS, 1951- (a) Distribution of Livestock and Poultry 152 (b) Distribution of certain important categories of Livestock and 152 Poultry per 1,000 of population. (c) Variation in the number of main classes of Livestock (includ­ 152 ing Poultry) during the years 1920 to 1951. 10. FIGURES RELATING TO INDUSTRIES- (i) Small-Scale Industries- (a) Distribution of Small-Scale Industrial Establishments 154 (b) Employment in Textile Establishments 155 (c) Employment in Non-textile Establishments 157 (ii) Industries registered under the Factories Act 158 11. VITAL STATISTICS 159 . 12. RULING WHOLE-SALE PRICES DURING THE DECADE PART II PAGE 13. VILLAGE STATISTICS- Police Stations- I. Lohardaga 164 2. Kuru 176 3. Burmu 180 4. Mandar 184 5. Bero 190 6. Lapung 196 7. Ranchi Sadar 200 8. Ormanjhi 214 9. Silli 218 10. Angara 214 II. Karra 218 12. Torpa 236 13. Khunti 244 14. Bundu 256 15. Sonahatu 260 16. Tamar 264 17. Bishunpur 276- 18. Chainpur 280 19. Ghagra 288 20. Sisai 294 21. Gumla 302 22. Raidih 308 23. Palkot 312 24. Basia 316 25. Bano 324 :26. Kolebera 328 27. Simdega 334 28. Thethaitnagar 338 :29. Kurdeg 342 .30. Boloba 344 PREFACE This Handbook contains mainly statistical data and is not intended to replace the District Gazetteer which gives a comprehensive account of the district in narrative form. Most of the statistical tables included in the volume are based on materials collected in the 1951 Census, but some non-census statistics have also been included. 2. Before this, District Handbooks containing important census tables and other statistics were published in 1905 and 1916 in the form of statistical supplements to District Gazetteers. These Handbooks did not contain any statistics relating to individual villages. Madras and certain other provinces and Indian States published village statistics of some districts at the 1921, 1931 and 1941 censuses. In Bihar also, there were proposals in 1921 and 1931 for publishing' similar statistics, but they did not materialise. The idea of publishing Handbooks like this containing both district tables and statistics of area, population, literacy and livelihood pattern for each 'Tillage besides other useful statistics relating to the district owes its inception to Shri R. A. Gopalaswami, I.C.S., Census Commissioner of India in 1951 who made a recommendation to this effect to all State Governments in March, 1951. This recommendation was readily accepted by the Government of Bihar who have sanctioned the publication of the Handbooks at their­ own cost. 3. As already indicated detailed statistics for villages were not compiled for any district in Bihar before this. The task was formidable, and the compilation and editing had to be done within a li:rp.ited time simultaneously with the preparation of the State Census tables and report. Every effort has been made to ensure correctness and accuracy of the data and though there are shortcolllings, it can be fairly claimed that this Handbook removes a long-felt want for a book of reference containing the basic statistical information for the district and small units down to the mauza. 4. The compilation of the census statistics included in this volume was done in the Chotanag- pur Tabulation Office at Hazaribagh under the able guidance of Shri Rameshwar Nath, Joint 1. Shri Ram Bahadur Singh, Technical Assist4nt. Superintendent of Census Operations, Bihar who· 2. Shri Mahendra Shanker Sahay, Supervisor. has also supervised the work of printing and 3. Shri Shree Narain Prasad, Tabulation Clerli. publication of this volume. I desire to acknowledge my obligation to him and the staff 4. Shri Chaitanya Chareu Naik, Tabulation who helped in the work 'and particularly to the Clerk. persons named in the margin for the care and interest taken by them in the work of compila­ tion and checking of, statistical material. Lastly, but very far from the least, my thanks are due to Shri S. N. Chatterj· e, Superintendent, Secretariat Press, Bihar and his staff for the carl.} a~d interest shown in the printing and publication of this Handbook. RANCHOR PRASAD M A D li A .,_ .. , .._ .. ... Y " -, " A S p u J 1-;~1 ! ! I I lI!. tI_ C> I !;d' ·1 l f! i '" ! ' .. i ! '" ! 'Ill i -.- SCHEME OF TABLES The following t~bles in this Hand-book are based on the 1951 Census:­ A-General Pop1tlation Tables- 1. Area, Houses and population II. Variation in population during fifty years III. Towns and Villages classified by Population IV. Towns classified by population with the Variation since 1901 V. Towns arranged territorially with Population by Livelihood Classes B-Economic Tables- I. Livelihood Classes and Sub-classes II. Secondary means of Livelihood III. Employers, Employees and Independent Workers in Industries and Services by Divisions and Subdivisions. C-Household and Age (Sample) Tables­ I. H?usehold (size and composition) II. Liv~lihood Classes by Age Groups III. Age and Civil Condition IV. Age and Literacy V. Single Year Age Return D-Social and Cultural Tables- 1. Language II. Religion III. Scheduled Castes and Tribes IV. Migrants VII. Livelihood Classes by Educational Standards E-Summary figures for Subdivisions, Revenue Thanas and Police-Stations 2. The A, B, D and E series of tables are all based on total count; the C senes tables­ have been prepared from the 10% random sample of Census Slips. 3. Oensus Tracts--Reference to Census Tracts will be found in a large number of tables. Census Tracts were formed mainly for the convenience of distribution of work among sorting and compilation te tms. In most cases, they correspond to Revenue Tnanas. A list of Census Tracts ·is given below with names of Revenue Thanas and Police-Stations included in each. N umber and name of Tract Names of the corresponding Names of the Police-Stations Revenue Thana!) lIlcludecl. in the Tract --------------------------------------------------------- 2 3 ----------------------_____________ _ .. ____.. ______ 4 ___ 4 ___... _____ 180. Lohardaga (excluding Lohardaga Lohardaga Lohardaga town) 181. Kuru-Mandar-Bero Lapung Kuru, Manda.I', Bero and Lapung 1. Kuru 2. MandaI' 3. Bero 4_ Lapung Number and name of Tra.ct Names of the corresponding Names of the Police-Stations Revenue Thanas. included in the Tract 1 2 3 . Ranchi (excluding Ranchi City) . Ranchi Ranchi 183. Burmu-Ormanjhi-Silli-Angara Burmu, Ormanjhi, Silli and Angara 1. Burmu 2. Ormanjhi 3. Silli 4. Angara 184. Kara-Torpa-Khunti-Sonahatu Karra, Torpa, Khunti and Sonahatu .. 1. Karra 2. Torpa 3. Khunti 4. Sonahatu 185. Bundu-Tamar (excluding Bundu Bundu and Tamar 1. Bundu t.own). 2. Tamar 186. Bishunpur-Chainpur-Ghagra-Sisai Bishunpur, Chainpur, Ghagra and Siaai 1. Bishunpur 2. Chainpur 3. Ghagra 4. Sisai 187. Gumla-Raidih-Palkot-Basia Gumla, Raidih, Palkot and Basia 1.