China Environment Forum Issue 7, 2005 C HINA C E H The Challenge of Positive Influence: NVIRONMENT Managing Sustainable Development I on the West-East Pipeline Project N Mike Seymour, Marilyn Beach, and Steve Laister A S China’s Ecological Rehabilitation: The Unprecedented ERIES Efforts and Dramatic Impacts of Reforestation and Slope Protection in Western China E Runsheng Yin, Jintao Xu, Zhou Li, and Can Liu N Quenching Beijing’s Thirst: The Need for Integrated Management V for the Endangered Miyun Reservoir I Christoph Peisert and Eva Sternfeld R A Different Growing Season South of the Mountains: Guangdong Province Rethinks its O Agricultural Development Model N Peter Riggs M Commentaries/Notes from the Field E N China Environment Forum Special Initiatives I SSUE T Feature Boxes 7, 2005 S E R This publication was made possible through a grant from the Federal Conference Fund (FCF) I E S PRINTED ON 30 PERCENT POST-CONSUMER CONTENT PAPER 97947mvpCov_R1.p65 1 6/9/2005, 9:48 PM The Woodrow Wilson International Center for China Environment Series Scholars, located in the Ronald Reagan Building in the heart of Washington D.C., was founded in Editor Managing Editor Production Editor 1968 by Congress as the nation’s living memorial Jennifer L . Turner Timothy Hildebrandt Richard Thomas to President Woodrow Wilson. Through its Translators of Chinese Edition Research Assistants renowned fellows program and a range of regional Lu Xiaoqing and Serena Yi-ying Lin Yan Baohua and Lu Xiaoqing and functional programmatic activities, the non- partisan center fosters scholarship and dialogue in Lee H. Hamilton, Director ECSP Staff: Geoffrey Dabelko, Nelia Forest, Timothy Hildebrandt, Jennifer Kaczor, Meaghan Parker, Richard Thomas, Jennifer L. the humanities and the social sciences. As such, Turner, Charlotte Youngblood The Wilson Center serves as an ideal meeting place BOARD OF TRUSTEES for scholars and practitioners of widely divergent Joseph B. Gildenhorn, Chair The China Environment Forum ideological and professional backgrounds. David A. Metzner, Vice Chair For over seven years, the China Environment Forum has been active in creating programming, study tours, and publications to Meetings are marked by free intellectual exchange, encourage dialogue among U.S., Chinese, and other Asian scholars, policymakers, and nongovernmental organizations on environ- reflecting a tradition of bringing together people PUBLIC MEMBERS mental and energy challenges in China. The China Environment Forum regularly brings together experts with diverse backgrounds who differ in discipline, profession, and nationality, but who share an interest in James H. Billington, Librarian of Congress; and affiliations—a core group that includes specialists from several key U.S. government agencies and from the fields of environmental a subject and in having their views challenged in lively debate. The Center’s John W. Carlin, Archivist of the United States; Bruce Cole, Chair, National Endowment for the protection, China studies, energy, U.S. foreign policy, economics, and rural development. Through monthly meetings and the annual president is the Honorable Lee H. Hamilton and Joseph B. Gildenhorn chairs its Humanities; Michael O. Leavitt, Secretary, U.S. China Environment Series, the China Environment Forum aims to identify the most important environmental and sustainable Board of Directors. Prior to becoming Director, Lee Hamilton served for thirty– development issues in China and explore creative ideas and opportunities for governmental and nongovernmental cooperation. The Department of Health and Human Services; four years as a United States Congressman from Indiana. He served as a member Condoleezza Rice, Secretary, U.S. Department Wilson Center’s Asia Program periodically cosponsors meetings with the China Environment Forum. The China Environment Forum of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, now the Committee on International of State; Lawrence M. Small, Secretary, meetings, publications, and study tours over the past year have been supported by generous grants from the Japan Foundation’s Relations, for his entire tenure. Smithsonian Institution; Margaret Spellings, Center for Global Partnership, Carnegie Corporation of New York, Blue Moon Fund, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and Secretary, U.S. Department of Education Shell China, Ltd. Jennifer L. Turner coordinates the China Environment Forum. Director’s Forum PRIVATE CITIZEN MEMBERS Environmental Change and Security Project The Director’s Forums are series of public lectures hosted by Lee H. Hamilton. Joseph A. Cari, Jr., Carol Cartwright, Since 1994, the Environmental Change and Security Project (ECSP) has explored the relationships among environment, population, Aimed at business executives and policymakers, these forums focus on the work of Robert B. Cook, Donald E. Garcia, Bruce S. Gelb, Charles L. Glazer, Tamala L. Longaberger, disease, economic development, migration, political stability, and violent conflict. ECSP brings international policymakers, practitio- pre-eminent scholars, business, and government leaders with speeches on such ners, and scholars to Washington, D.C., to address the public and fellow experts on environmental and human security. The project universal human questions as community, globalization, governance, efficiency, WILSON COUNCIL distributes two annual journals, the Environmental Change and Security Project Report and the China Environment Series, along with and democratic decisionmaking. Recent speakers have included South African Bruce S. Gelb, President. Elias F. Aburdene, Jennifer Acker, a biannual newsletter and original research, to over 7,000 people around the world. ECSP News, a monthly e-mail newsletter, links Charles S. Ackerman, B.B. Andersen, Russell Anmuth, Cyrus A. Ambassador to U.S. Makate Sheila Sisulu; former Secretary of Defense Bill Cohen; Ansary, Lawrence E. Bathgate II, David H. Bass, Tom Beddow, 3,000 subscribers to news, meeting summaries, and event announcements on the project’s comprehensive website, http:// former Puerto Rican Governor Pedro Rossello; former Korean Minister of Finance Theresa Behrendt, John Beinecke, Joseph C. Bell, Steven Alan www.wilsoncenter.org/ecsp. ECSP is directed by Geoffrey D. Dabelko and is housed in the Woodrow Wilson Center’s Division of Hun-Jai Lee; and several former National Security Advisers. Bennett, Stuart Bernstein, Rudy Boschwitz, A. Oakley Brooks, Donald A. Brown, Melva Bucksbaum, Richard I. Burnham, International Studies, headed by Robert S. Litwak. Nicola L. Caiola, Mark Chandler, Peter B. Clark, Melvin Cohen, “The Director’s Forums provide a unique opportunity for Wilson Center William T. Coleman, Jr., David M. Crawford, Jr., Michael D. The Asia Program friends, scholars, and staff to hear leading public officials discuss current DiGiacomo, Sam Donaldson, Beth Dozoretz, Elizabeth Dubin, F. Samuel Eberts III, I. Steven Edelson, Mark Epstein, Melvyn J. The Asia Program was created in 1977 and has grown over the past two decades into one of the Wilson Center’s largest and most active policy issues and to engage in a dialogue with them. These discussions and Estrin, Susan R. Farber, A. Huda Farouki, Julie Finley, Michael programs. It strives to provide a forum for examining current and important Asia-related policy questions in their broad historical and interactions between the speaker and audience are lively and informative and Fleming, Joseph H. Flom, John H. Foster, Charles Fox, Barbara a key part of the legacy left to us by President Wilson.” Hackman Franklin, Norman Freidkin, John H. French, II, cultural context. The Asia Program’s activities focus on China, Japan, the Koreas, South Asia, and Southeast Asia. Since 1999, Robert Morton Funger, Gregory M. Gallo, Chris G. Gardiner, Bernard M. Hathaway has directed the Asia Program. - Lee H. Hamilton S. Gewirz, Alma Gildenhorn, David F. Girard-diCarlo, Michael B. Goldberg, Roy M. Goodman, Gretchen Meister Gorog, William E. Grayson, Ronald Greenberg, Raymond A. Guenter, The Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars Cheryl F. Halpern, Edward L. Hardin, Jr., John L. Howard, The Wilson Center, established by Congress in 1968 as a memorial to the nation’s twenty-eighth president, fosters scholarship and Osagie O. Imasogie, Darrell E. Issa, Benjamin Jacobs, Jerry Jasinowski, Brenda LaGrange Johnson, Shelly Kamins, James M. intellectual exchange among scholars and practitioners. It sponsors an international fellows program, has an independent Board of HONORARY WILSON COUNCIL MEMBERS Kaufman, Edward W. Kelley, Jr., Anastasia D. Kelly, Christopher Trustees (composed of ten citizens, appointed by the President of the United States, and nine government officials—including the J. Kennan, Willem Kooyker, Steven Kotler, Markos Kounalakis, Hushang Ansary, Bill Archer, James A. Baker III, H. Furlong Baldwin, Jack S. Blanton, Sr., John H. Bryan, José William H. Kremer, Daniel Lamaute, James Langdon, Raymond Secretary of State), is non-partisan, and does not take positions on any public policy issues. The Center’s president is the Honorable Cancela, Richard L. Carrión, Jean Case, Stephen M. Case, Eduardo Cepeda, John T. Chambers, Gustavo Learsy, Dennis A. LeVett, Francine Gordon Levinson, Harold O. Lee H. Hamilton and Joseph B. Gildenhorn chairs its Board of Directors. Cisneros, Vance Coffman, William S. Cohen, Jerry Colangelo, Norm Coleman, Denton A. Cooley, Lester H. Levy, Frederic V. Malek, David S. Mandel, Jeffrey A. Marcus, Crown, John C. Danforth, Paul Desmarais,