Republican Politics and English Poetry, 1789–1874 Stephanie Kuduk Weiner Palgrave Studies in Nineteenth-Century Writing and Culture General Editor: Joseph Bristow, Professor of English, UCLA Editorial Advisory Board: Hilary Fraser, Birkbeck College, University of London; Josephine McDonagh, Linacre College, University of Oxford; Yopie Prins, University of Michigan; Lindsay Smith, University of Sussex; Margaret D. Stetz, University of Delaware; and Jenny Bourne Taylor, University of Sussex Palgrave Studies in Nineteenth-Century Writing and Culture is a new monograph series that aims to represent the most innovative research on literary works that were produced in the English-speaking world from the time of the Napoleonic Wars to the fin de siècle. Attentive to the historical continuities between ‘Romantic’ and ‘Victorian’, the series will feature studies that help scholarship to reassess the meaning of these terms during a century marked by diverse cultural, literary, and political movements. The main aim of the series is to look at the increasing influence of types of historicism on our understanding of literary forms and genres. It reflects the shift from critical theory to cultural history that has affected not only the period 1800–1900 but also every field within the discipline of English literature. All titles in the series seek to offer fresh critical perspectives and challenging readings of both canonical and non-canonical writings of this era. Titles include: Laurel Brake and Julie F. Codell (editors) ENCOUNTERS IN THE VICTORIAN PRESS Editors, Authors, Readers Dennis Denisoff SEXUAL VISUALITY FROM LITERATURE TO FILM, 1850–1950 Laura E. Franey VICTORIAN TRAVEL WRITING AND IMPERIAL VIOLENCE Lawrence Frank VICTORIAN DETECTIVE FICTION AND THE NATURE OF EVIDENCE The Scientific Investigations of Poe, Dickens and Doyle Stephanie Kuduk Weiner REPUBLICAN POLITICS AND ENGLISH POETRY, 1789–1874 David Payne Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - licensed to Universitetsbiblioteket i Tromsoe - PalgraveConnect - 2011-03-05 - PalgraveConnect Tromsoe i - licensed to Universitetsbiblioteket www.palgraveconnect.com material from Copyright THE REENCHANTMENT OF NINETEENTH-CENTURY FICTION Dickens, Thackeray, George Eliot and Serialization Ana Parejo Vadillo WOMEN POETS AND URBAN AESTHETICISM Passengers of Modernity 10.1057/9780230599680 - Republican Politics and English Poetry, 1789-1874, Stephanie Kuduk Weiner Palgrave Studies in Nineteenth-Century Writing and Culture Series Standing Order ISBN 0–333–97700–9 (hardback) (outside North America only) You can receive future titles in this series as they are published by placing a standing Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - licensed to Universitetsbiblioteket i Tromsoe - PalgraveConnect - 2011-03-05 - PalgraveConnect Tromsoe i - licensed to Universitetsbiblioteket www.palgraveconnect.com material from Copyright order. Please contact your bookseller or, in case of difficulty, write to us at the address below with your name and address, the title of the series and the ISBN quoted above. Customer Services Department, Macmillan Distribution Ltd, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS, England 10.1057/9780230599680 - Republican Politics and English Poetry, 1789-1874, Stephanie Kuduk Weiner Republican Politics and English Poetry, 1789–1874 Stephanie Kuduk Weiner Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - licensed to Universitetsbiblioteket i Tromsoe - PalgraveConnect - 2011-03-05 - PalgraveConnect Tromsoe i - licensed to Universitetsbiblioteket www.palgraveconnect.com material from Copyright 10.1057/9780230599680 - Republican Politics and English Poetry, 1789-1874, Stephanie Kuduk Weiner © Stephanie Kuduk Weiner 2005 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted her right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2005 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 Companies and representatives throughout the world PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin’s Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan® is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries. ISBN-13: 978–1–4039–9335–9 hardback ISBN-10: 1–4039–9335–1 hardback This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Kuduk Weiner, Stephanie, 1972– Republican politics and English poetry, 1789–1874 / Stephanie Kuduk Weiner. p. cm. — (Palgrave studies in nineteenth-century writing and culture) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1–4039–9335–1 (cloth) 1. English poetry—19th century—History and criticism. 2. Politics and literature—Great Britain—History—19th century. 3. Politics and literature—Great Britain—History—18th century. 4. Republicanism— Great Britain—History—19th century. 5. Republicanism—Great Britain—History—18th century. 6. English poetry—18th century— History and criticism. 7. Political poetry, English—History and criticism. 8. Republicanism in literature. I. Title. II. Series. PR585.H5K83 2005 821′.609358—dc22 - 2011-03-05 - PalgraveConnect Tromsoe i - licensed to Universitetsbiblioteket www.palgraveconnect.com material from Copyright 2005041953 10987654321 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 Printed and bound in Great Britain by Antony Rowe Ltd, Chippenham and Eastbourne 10.1057/9780230599680 - Republican Politics and English Poetry, 1789-1874, Stephanie Kuduk Weiner for Mark Love and harmony combine, And around our souls intwine, While thy branches mix with mine, And our roots together join. Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - licensed to Universitetsbiblioteket i Tromsoe - PalgraveConnect - 2011-03-05 - PalgraveConnect Tromsoe i - licensed to Universitetsbiblioteket www.palgraveconnect.com material from Copyright 10.1057/9780230599680 - Republican Politics and English Poetry, 1789-1874, Stephanie Kuduk Weiner This page intentionally left blank Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - licensed to Universitetsbiblioteket i Tromsoe - PalgraveConnect - 2011-03-05 - PalgraveConnect Tromsoe i - licensed to Universitetsbiblioteket www.palgraveconnect.com material from Copyright 10.1057/9780230599680 - Republican Politics and English Poetry, 1789-1874, Stephanie Kuduk Weiner Contents Acknowledgements viii Introduction 1 1 Republican Demystification in Politics for the People and Blake’s Songs of Experience 17 2Two Defence[s] of Poetry: Shelley and the Newgate Magazine 35 3 Cooper and Linton: Chartist Prophets and Craftsmen 66 4 Landor, Clough, and European Republicanism 97 5 Meredith, Thomson, and Swinburne, 1867–1874 133 Conclusion 177 Notes 181 Index 213 Copyright material from www.palgraveconnect.com - licensed to Universitetsbiblioteket i Tromsoe - PalgraveConnect - 2011-03-05 - PalgraveConnect Tromsoe i - licensed to Universitetsbiblioteket www.palgraveconnect.com material from Copyright vii 10.1057/9780230599680 - Republican Politics and English Poetry, 1789-1874, Stephanie Kuduk Weiner Acknowledgements Barbara Gelpi, Herbert Lindenberger, Joss Marsh, and Peter Stansky oversaw the earliest version of this work, and I am deeply indebted to their criticism and support. For their help in conceiving this project, and their support throughout, I also wish to thank Florence Boos, Lisa Cody, Regenia Gagnier, Robert Kaufman, Purnima Mankekar, Monica Moore, and the Victorian Studies Group at Stanford University: Helen Blythe, Kenneth Brewer, Jason Camlot, Lisa Jenkins, Diana Maltz, Richard Menke, Paul St Amour, Ardel Thomas, and Kate Washington. I am grateful to the many faculty members and students at Wesleyan University, and friends in New Haven, who offered support and, in many cases, read and commented upon portions of the manuscript. I wish to extend a special thanks to Henry Abelove, Steve Angle, Yaron Aronowicz, Sally Bachner, Sarah Bilston, Christina Crosby, Gertrude Hughes, Aaron Kunin, Mary Livingston, Sean McCann, Carmen Moreno-Nuño, Jamie Novogrod, Joel Pfister, Jill Rapaport, Joe Reed, Kit Reed, Shelley Rosenblum, Julia Simon-Kerr, Ori Simchen, William Stowe, Khachig Tololyan, and Katie Trumpener. Casey Quinn was an indefatigable research assistant. I am grateful also to the reviewers and editors whose comments contributed to the revision of this book. My thanks to Joseph Bristow go back to his days at the Humanities Center at Stanford. I thank him for all his critical engagement and encouragement. I am happy to acknowledge the assistance I have received from the librarians and staff at the British Library, the Bishopsgate Institute, Stanford University, Yale University, and Wesleyan University, and I wish