OUR NILE – OUR BENEFITS The NBI logo can be interpreted as the spirit of unity in the Nile Basin, showing the Nile winding between a field of green on the left, symbolising the lush vegetation of the upstream countries, with a field of light green on the right, symbolising the more arid lands of the downstream countries. Underneath, on a field of blue, is the Nile Basin Initiative’s name in both English and French, the two dominant languages of the region. DISCLAIMER The views expressed in this publication are not necessarily those of NBI’s Member States or its development partners. Trade mark names and symbols are used in an editorial fashion and no intention of infringement on trade mark or copyright laws. While every care has been exercised in compiling and publishing the information and data contained in this document, the NBI regrets any errors or omissions that may have been unwittingly made in this publication. The NBI is not an authority on International Administrative Boundaries. All country boundaries used in this publication are based on FAO Global Administrative Unit Layers (GAUL). ©Copyright Nile Basin Initiative (NBI): November 2020. ISNB: 9 789970 444069 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The following persons contributed to the preparation of this publication: Editorial Team Lead: Ms Jane K. Baitwa – Nile-SEC, Entebbe, Uganda Co-lead: Dr Wubalem Fekade – ENTRO, Addis Ababa - Ethiopia Mr Emmanuel Daniel Chonza – NELSAP-CU, Kigali, Rwanda Mr Polycarp Onyango – NELSAP-CU, Kigali, Rwanda Mr Awoke Kassa – ENTRO, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Mr Tom Waako – Nile-SEC, Entebbe, Uganda Ms Juliet Nakassaga – Nile-SEC, Entebbe, Uganda Ms Elizabeth Agiro – Nile-SEC, Entebbe, Uganda Ms Sarah Bebb – GIZ, Kampala, Uganda Reviewers Senior Management staff of NBI - Nile-SEC, ENTRO, NELSAP-CU Members of the Nile Technical Advisory Committee (Nile-TAC) CONTENTS NBI Photo: ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ......................................................................................................2 FOREWORD .........................................................................................................................................3 MESSAGE FROM THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR .....................................................................................5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................7 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................11 Nile Basin cooperation - The journey to an inclusive platform .........................................................11 Chapter 1 - BASIN-WIDE BENEFITS FOR ALL .......................................................................................14 A Common Platform for Institutionalised Cooperation ....................................................................14 Cooperative Water Resource Planning and Management: Generating and Sharing Knowledge ........20 Water Resources Development: Investing in Water, Food and Energy Security ................................27 CHAPTER 2: COUNTRY - SPECIFIC BENEFITS .....................................................................................31 Burundi ............................................................................................................................................32 DR Congo..........................................................................................................................................37 Ethiopia ............................................................................................................................................41 Kenya ...............................................................................................................................................46 Rwanda ............................................................................................................................................51 South Sudan .....................................................................................................................................56 The Sudan.........................................................................................................................................61 Tanzania ...........................................................................................................................................66 Uganda .............................................................................................................................................71 CHAPTER 3: LOOKING AHEAD ............................................................................................................77 ANNEXES Annex1: Shared Vision Programme Projects .....................................................................................80 Annex2: Hydromet Stations .............................................................................................................81 Annex3: NBI Key Milestones: 1999 - 2020 ........................................................................................82 Our Nile Our Benefits 2020 1 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS CFA Cooperative Framework Agreement CRA Cooperative Regional Assessment EAC East African Community ENCOM Eastern Nile Council of Water Ministers ENIDS Eastern Nile Irrigation and Drainage Studies ENMSIO Eastern Nile Multi-Sector Investment Opportunity Analyses ENPT Eastern Nile Power Trade ENSAP Eastern Nile Subsidiary Action Programme ENTRO Eastern Nile Technical Regional Office ENWM Eastern Nile Watershed Management EUWAP Efficient Use of Water for Agricultural Productivity FAO Food and Agriculture Organisation FPEW Flood Protection and Early Warning GCM Global Circulation Models GDP Gross Domestic Product GIS Geographical Information Systems HA Hectares ICOLD International Commission on Large Dams IDEN Integrated Development of Eastern Nile IGAD Inter-Governmental Agency on Drought and Development IWRM Integrated Water Resources Management IWSM Integrated Watershed Management JMP Joint Multipurpose Project KM Kilometre KV Kilo volts LADP Local Area Development Project LEAF Lake Edward and Albert Fisheries LVBC Lake Victoria Basin Commission MSIOA Multi-Sector Investment Opportunity Analyses MW Mega watt NB DSS Nile Basin Decision Support System NBDF Nile Basin Development Forum NBI Nile Basin Initiative NBSF Nile Basin Sustainable Framework NDC Nationally Determined Contributions NELCOM Nile Equatorial Council of Water Ministers NELMSIOA Nile Equatorial Lakes Multi-Sector Investment Opportunity Analyses NELSAP Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Programme NELSAP-CU Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Programme Coordination Unit Nile-COM Nile Council of Ministers Nile-SEC Nile Basin Initiative Secretariat Nile-TAC Nile Technical Advisory Committee NTEAP Nile Transboundary Environment Action Project OHTL Overhead Transmission Line RNBC River Nile Basin Commission SAP Subsidiary Action Programme SOB State of the Basin SSEA Strategic Social and Environmental Assessment SSEC South Sudan Electricity Company SVP Shared Vision Programme TECCONILE Technical Cooperation Committee for the Promotion of Development and Environmental Protection of the Basin TEEB The Economic Evaluation of Diversity USD United States Dollar FOREWORD Dear Nile Basin Citizens and Friends of the Nile, key concern for every Nile Basin State is It is evident that none of our countries has the economic growth, more so meeting the requisite capacity to meet these challenges alone. ever-increasing demand for food, water Hence, our adaptive responses need to be jointly A and energy for its citizens. and cooperatively planned as well as executed and aligned with each other. In other words, All 11 Nile Basin States consider, to varying the transboundary nature of our Nile requires degrees, the mighty River Nile a key source of transboundary interventions and an all-inclusive water to meet the needs of the rising population. cooperation. This means that the economic transformation of most Nile Basin States relies heavily on It was in recognition of the above, coupled with the opportunities presented by the common the limitations of prior cooperation attempts River Nile, such as the huge and still untapped (evidenced by their thematic limitation, coverage potential for hydropower generation, increased not being Basin-wide and non-inclusion of food production through intra-basin trade in some countries), that spurred our countries to agriculture, navigation, among others. establish the Nile Basin Initiative (NBI) on 22 February 1999. The Shared Vision Objective In spite of the opportunities, Nile Basin States agreed by the Member States is: To achieve are faced with numerous common challenges sustainable socio-economic development and risks that pose a threat to the health of the through equitable utilisation of, and people, the river and the Basin as a whole. These benefit from, the common Nile Basin include hydrologic variability, multiple impacts of water resources. climate change leading to less predictable River Nile flows and extreme events such as droughts Over the last two decades, Member States have and floods, environmental degradation and made progress worth celebrating, particularly loss of biodiversity, as well as an ever-growing given the unfavourable baseline from which we demand for water due to urbanisation and started. It is therefore not surprising that today, population growth. This is in addition to the well- all