FM 3-05.137 Army Special Operations Forces Foreign Internal Defense June 2008 DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Distribution authorized to U.S. Government agencies and their contractors only to protect technical or operational information from automatic dissemination under the International Exchange Program or by other means. This determination was made on 18 April 2008. Other requests for this document must be referred to Commander, United States Army John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School, ATTN: AOJK-DTD-JA, Fort Bragg, NC 28310-9610, or by e-mail to [email protected]. DESTRUCTION NOTICE: Destroy by any method that will prevent disclosure of contents or reconstruction of the document. FOREIGN DISCLOSURE RESTRICTION (FD 6): This publication has been reviewed by the product developers in coordination with the United States Army John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School foreign disclosure authority. This product is releasable to students from foreign countries on a case-by-case basis only. Headquarters, Department of the Army This publication is available at Army Knowledge Online (www.us.army.mil) and General Dennis J. Reimer Training and Doctrine Digital Library at (www.train.army.mil). FM 3-05.137 Field Manual Headquarters No. 3-05.137 Department of the Army Washington, DC, 30 June 2008 Army Special Operations Forces Foreign Internal Defense Contents Page PREFACE .............................................................................................................iv Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................ 1-1 Overview............................................................................................................. 1-1 Relationship to Internal Defense and Development........................................... 1-1 Internal Defense and Development.................................................................... 1-2 Operational Framework for Foreign Internal Defense........................................ 1-2 Relationship With Other Operations................................................................... 1-4 Department of Defense Tools ............................................................................ 1-5 United States National Objectives and Policy .................................................. 1-10 Chapter 2 ORGANIZATION AND RESPONSIBILITIES .................................................... 2-1 Overview............................................................................................................. 2-1 Support From the United States......................................................................... 2-1 Diplomatic, Information, Military, and Economic: The Four Pillars of the Support Framework............................................................................................ 2-2 National-Level Organizations ............................................................................. 2-4 Combatant Command Organization................................................................... 2-8 Subordinate Unified Commands ........................................................................ 2-8 Joint Task Forces ............................................................................................... 2-9 United States Diplomatic Mission and Country Team........................................ 2-9 Supported Host Nation ..................................................................................... 2-12 Distribution Restriction: Distribution authorized to U.S. Government agencies and their contractors only to protect technical or operational information from automatic dissemination under the International Exchange Program or by other means. This determination was made on 18 April 2008. Other requests for this document must be referred to Commander, United States Army John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School, ATTN: AOJK-DTD-JA, Fort Bragg, NC 28310-9610, or by e-mail to [email protected]. Destruction Notice: Destroy by any method that will prevent disclosure of contents or reconstruction of the document. Foreign Disclosure Restriction (FD 6): This publication has been reviewed by the product developers in coordination with the United States Army John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School foreign disclosure authority. This product is releasable to students form foreign countries on a case-by-case basis only. i Contents Multinational Force............................................................................................2-13 Role of Army Special Operations Forces in Foreign Internal Defense.............2-13 Army Special Operations Forces Support to Coalitions ...................................2-16 Chapter 3 PLANNING .........................................................................................................3-1 Overview .............................................................................................................3-1 Planning Imperatives ..........................................................................................3-1 Department of State Guidance ...........................................................................3-2 Department of Defense Guidance ......................................................................3-2 Theater Planning Requirements .........................................................................3-4 Security Cooperation Planning ...........................................................................3-5 Planning Procedures and Considerations ..........................................................3-6 Regional, Transregional, and International Concerns ........................................3-8 Foreign Internal Defense Assessment................................................................3-9 Training Plan.....................................................................................................3-10 Planning for Force Protection ...........................................................................3-11 Chapter 4 TRAINING...........................................................................................................4-1 Overview .............................................................................................................4-1 Responsibilities for Training................................................................................4-1 Training and Skills Needed for Success.............................................................4-2 Training Strategy.................................................................................................4-5 Training and Advisory Assistance.......................................................................4-7 Chapter 5 EMPLOYMENT CONSIDERATIONS.................................................................5-1 Overview .............................................................................................................5-1 Employment Factors ...........................................................................................5-1 Civil-Military Operations Estimate of the Situation..............................................5-6 Psychological Operations Estimate of the Situation ...........................................5-8 Health Service Support .....................................................................................5-10 Site Survey Procedures ....................................................................................5-13 Advising the Host-Nation Military......................................................................5-16 Chapter 6 OPERATIONS ....................................................................................................6-1 Overview .............................................................................................................6-1 Indirect Support...................................................................................................6-1 Direct Support .....................................................................................................6-5 Chapter 7 COMBAT OPERATIONS ...................................................................................7-1 Overview .............................................................................................................7-1 Considerations for United States Combat Operations........................................7-2 Command and Control........................................................................................7-5 Sustainment ........................................................................................................7-5 Insurgency and Counterinsurgency....................................................................7-5 Terrorism.............................................................................................................7-6 Information Operations .......................................................................................7-7 Chapter 8 REDEPLOYMENT ..............................................................................................8-1 Overview .............................................................................................................8-1 Termination of Operations ..................................................................................8-1 Mission Handoff Procedures...............................................................................8-2 Postmission Debriefing Procedures....................................................................8-5