LIST OF INTERVIEWEES NAt~E OCCUPATION AeJE SEX VOL. NO. Adams, Albert 0. airplane fabric worker, 75 M I Pearl Harbor shipyard worker, watchman Akinaka, Arthur City &County building 75 M I department director, civil engineer, construction firm owner Au, Yen Cheung Pearl Harbor machinist 90 M III Ba i 1ey, A11 en schoolteacher 81 M I I Beck, Alexander fire fighter, molder's 78 M III he 1per, oiler Christoph, Earle bandmaster, musician, 87 M II schoolteacher Cruz, Fermin gas station manager, pine- 83 M II apple cannery foreman, store clerk Evangelista, Antonio government truck driver, 77 M III pineapple picker, taxi driver Hamamura, Akira pineapple cannery worker, 85 M III ~ alesman, trucker Houghtailing, George City & County planner, 79 M III civil engineer Izumi, Thelma Y. store and tavern 0\t.Jner 73 F I Jamito, Sabas T. longshoreman 72 M I Joseph, Joe A. Pearl Harbor shipyard 71 M II worker Kam, Frankie businessman, politician 70 M I Kimura, Minoru medical doctor 75 M I Like, Albert schoolteacher 84 M II Martin, Peter lighthouse boat worker, HRT 79 M I worker, Pearl Harbor ship- yard worker A-1 A-2 NAME OCCUPATION AGE SEX VOL. NO. Mendonca, Adolph realtor 72 M I Miguel, Lorraine practical nurse 81 F III Miguel, Matias pastor 88 r~ I I I Nakamoto, Aiichi salesman 90 t~ I Okudara, Tokio businessman, hog farmer 66 M II Ornellas, 11 Gussie 11 homemaker 84 F III Rios, Mary fertilizer factory worker, 75 F III homemaker Rios, 11 Tana 11 homemaker 70 F I I I Sakima, Akira hog farmer, politician, 66 M II businessman Souza, David T. shipping clerk 78 M I I I Souza, Mary substitute schoolteacher 72 F III Vegas, John boat builder, Pearl Harbor 72 M II shipyard worker Vi 11 a, Agustina government worker 91 F I I Anonymous barber, homemaker 81 F III KALIHI: PLACE OF TRANSITION CHRONOLOGY 1900s Kalihi-Palama is developed as one of the first residential areas of the city. Although never a Puerto Rican section of the city at any one time, a number of Puerto Ricans reside in Kalihi - Palama . 1903 Susannah Wesley Center (founded in 1899) becomes a home for girls. 1909 A Kalihi orphanage is dedicated. 1919 Susannah Wesley Center moves to Kaili Street in Kalihi . 1920 Seven hundred ninety-three persons of Portugese ancestry residing in Kalihi Val ley. · - - - Kamehameha IV Road, a narrow dirt road, runs alongside the westernside of Kalihi Valley. Homes consist of farms with outhouses and furo. Taro patches called "Make Kanaka" are located in the area from Kaewai School to Kalihi Union Church. The patches are irrigated by a man-made ditch. There are numerous points of heavy Japanese concentration in Honolulu where the traditional institutions and patterns of homeland life are partially duplicated. Many Japanese truck farmers, fruit and flower growers, and poultry and hog raisers reside in Kalihi. 1921 Kalihi-Uka School opens. 1922 Kalihi Thundering Herd, Senior Barefoot Football League team, organizes. Sponsored by Wilson League. 1923 Kalihi Thundering Herd joins Spalding League. 1925 First of many championships for the Kalihi Thundering Herd. 1928 Kalihi-Kai School opens. 1930 About 45% of all Portugese in Hawaii live in Honolulu, mainly on the slopes of Punchbowl and the upper portions of Ka 1i hi Va 11 ey. Kalihi Theater opens. 1934 Philippine Independence Act declares Filipinos aliens and restricts their entry to Hawaii and the U.S. to an annual quota of fifty persons. 1937 Farrington High School opens. A-3 A-4 1938 Kalihi Community Club protest s the use of the former Kamehameha Girls School site for the city's first low­ rent housing project. Kamehameha Housing Project begins--despite community protest. 1939 Senior Barefoot Football League ends . 1941 Japan bombs Pearl Harbor. World War II begin s. 1942 Kalihi Valley football team enters the City Wide 130- Pound Barefoot (football) League and captures the West Division Championship. Kalihi baseball team enters the City Wide Novice Baseball League and captures the Championship. 1944 Kalihi Valley football team captures the first of five City Wide Championships. Architects Vladimir Ossipoff and Alfred Preiss view Kalihi area best for industrial growth; land is plentiful and harbor facilities deemed adequate. June Two army planes collide and crash in Kalihi residential district. Fourteen killed. 1945 Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association and the Pineapple Growers' Association declare a labor shortage and invoke Section 8 of the Tydings-McDuffie Act exempting immigration quotas for Filipinos. Kalihi in arms over proposed new jail site in Kalihi. 1946 Kalihi YMCA (Young Men's Christian Association) gains branch status. 1947 Kalihi Businessmen's Association is organized. 1949 Commercial and industrial growth occurring . Kalihi is described as a fertile field for business and industrial ventures. Kalihi's population is estimated at 36,000 with 2,200 separate enterprises. The Kalihi Businessmen's Association seeks to establish a branch bank and prepares to ask the legislature to remove the Oahu prison from the Kalihi area . The installation of street lights along Kalihi Street, the installation of traffic signals at four major intersections, and a revision of speed and parking regulations along Dillingham Boulevard are among the improvements requested by the Association. A-5 Kalihi is essentially a district of homes and small businesses. Big business is coming into its industrial area. 1950 More than one-fourth of Honolulu's Puerto Rican population live in Palama and Kalihi Valley. Evictions are carried out to make way for the Kalihi Valley Homes. Kalihi is described as one of the great "school population centers" of the Territory--one of the sections prolific in children. Home building reported to be increasing in Kalihi Valley. 1951 The City asks the Governor to advance a total of $725,000 from the Territory's loan fund for the construction of three auditoriums authorized by the 1951 Legislature. This includes money for the Farrington High School auditorium. Public improvements totaling $18,700,000 are projected for Kalihi Valley. They include a trunk sewer extension, Kalihi tunnel, its approach roads, housing projects, and schools. The Kalakaua Lions Club is formed . 1954 Contractors to start work on a new $780,000 improvement district project in Kalihi Valley above School Street. It would broaden Kamehameha IV Road between School Street and the junction with the new arterial approach road to Wilson Tunnel. Groundbreaking for a million-dollar Kalihi Shopping Center scheduled for September 2. According to articles by Clarice Taylor, some Hawaiians feel that ancient Hawaiian gods caused the cave-ins during the construction of the Wilson Tunnel. According to legend, Papa, mother of human beings, and Wakea, her husband, first made their home in Kalihi-Uka. 1955 Property owners in the "Kalihi Triangle" slum area agree to spruce up the neighborhood themselves. 1956 The first comprehensive economic study of Kalihi as a market center, states that Kalihi's business district is within three minutes driving time of 2,276 households numbering more than 12,000 persons with a potential spending power of $10,000,000 a year. Schools and parks are replacing piggeries in Kalihi-Uka. Several large hilly areas of the main valley road cleared for new subdivisions. A-6 Children are attending the relatively new Kalihi Elementary School and the new Kaewai Elementary School will be ready for the coming school term. Sanford B. Dole Intermediate School is also expected to open. Kalihi Valley highway construction disrupts the community. 1957 The Susannah Wesley Center emerges as a multi-purpose community center offering a nursery school, playground, after-school clubs for youths, and English classes for adults. 1958 Kalihi Valley Community Association formed. Development of a three-and-one-half-acre industrial subdivision at Waiakamilo Road and Dillingham Boulevard announced by Clarke Investment Corporation. 1959 Teachers and principals complain about facilities for Kalihi Valley children. Kalihi Valley residents feel they are being short-changed by the City. The Kamehameha Shopping Center opens. The $350,000 Kalihi Valley Recreation Center opens. Kalihi still lacks traffic safety guards for school children. However, construction of the Likelike Highway overpass is due to start in January, new classrooms are to be built, and the fire station on Kalihi Street will be moved to a new site on Kamehameha IV Road. 1960 Filipinos are most highly concentrated within a limited area, with 57.5% of their total Honolulu population resident in only 12 of the 72 census tracts of the city, all in the Liliha-Palama and Kalihi areas. Many Kalihi residents feel that the eastern side of the valley needs attention. A House resolution requests that the Governor turn over three-acres of State-owned land near Kalihi-Uka School to the City Parks Department. The community lobbies for better streets, sidewalks, schools, and other public improvements. June Two areas that Kalihi residents wanted for a park are turned over to the Hawaii Housing Authority for housing development. The Kalihi Valley Community Association and residents protest, saying there are not enough recreational facilities for the present residents and that more public housing should not be built until a sufficient number of facilities are provided . The First National Bank of Hawaii begins work on its Kalihi Branch. A-7 Businessmen expect a great economic boost from the traffic that will pass through Kalihi due to the opening of the Wilson Tunnel. Reports show that Kalihi's population is increasing steadily, noting that the Kalihi-Kai district, although becoming industrialized, is not losing its population. While Kalihi has been regarded as a "low-income" area, and has been over­ looked by businesses and individuals, about two-thirds of Kalihi's population are blue collar workers whose incomes have shown remarkable gain in the postwar years.