BORDER SECURITY REPORT VOLUME 18 FOR THE World’s border prOTECTION, MANAGEMENT AND SECURITY INDUSTRY MARCH / APRIL 2020 POLICY-MAKERS AND PRACTITIONERS COVER STORY CAN THE USE OF passeNGER data HELP CONtaiN, tracK, OR MANAGE THE SPREAD OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES? SPECIAL REPORT AGENCY NEWS SHORT REPORT CONGRESS PREVIEW The Malpensa e-Gates A global review of the Frontex to launch rapid Latest news, views and Project.p.18 latest news and challenges border intervention at innovations from the from border agencies and Greece’s external borders industry. p.46 agencies at the border. p.24 p.17 2 COMMENT contacts Turkey and the Rule of Unintended Consequences Editorial: As tensions between Turkey and the But if the trickle turns into a flood, we Tony Kingham Russian backed Syrian government could see a humanitarian crisis again E: [email protected] forces escalates, the knock-on effect on the borders of Europe. is tens of thousands more refugees Assistant Editor: This action by Erdogan may, as some desperately seeking safety. Neil Walker say, be a thinly disguised attempt to get E: [email protected] And as Turkey struggles with the Europe (and NATO, of which Turkey is a effects of its own policies in Syria, key member) to help him out in Syria. Design, Marketing & Production: President Erdogan has decided to But, if it is, he has seriously misjudged Neil Walker ‘share the burden’ by opening his the EU and its member governments. E: [email protected] border with Europe to the refugees, in Or it could be a way of blackmailing Subscriptions: contravention of his agreement with additional help from the EU for the Tony Kingham the EU. 3.7 million refugees currently living in E: [email protected] Turkey. This was perhaps inevitable, because whilst his strong man aggressive Whatever his real motivation is, it’s clear Border Security Report is a bi-monthly electronic magazine and is the border policies in Syria may play well with his that his judgement is floored on almost management industry magazine popular support base in Turkey, that every level and his policies will have delivering agency and industry news and support would quickly evaporate if unintended consequences for himself, developments, as well as more in-depth Turkey became swamped with another Turkey, Europe and the Middle East. influx of refugees. features and analysis to over 20,000 Only last month the Turkish Foreign border agencies, agencies at the borders At present, the numbers showing up at Minister Mevlüt Çavuşoğlu said a clean and industry professionals, policymakers the Greek and Bulgarian i.e. European slate was needed regarding Turkey’s and practitioners, worldwide. border posts are relatively small but European Union accession process, as the battle for Idlib intensifies it which indicates that despite Erdogan’s threatens to displace hundreds of actions, his government at least still thousands that could change and aspires to join the EU. change rapidly. As a foreign policy tool, blackmail is So, as refugees head for the European no way to win friends and influence border, unlike 2015, they will meet a people! very different reception. Since then Copyright of KNM Media and Torch European attitudes to migrants have Marketing. hardened and they are already being Tony Kingham turned away. Editor Greece has already asked for additional resources from the EU and FRONTEX have launched a rapid border intervention to assist Greece in dealing with the large numbers of migrants at its external borders. Border Security Report | March/April 2020 CONTENTS 3 CONTENTS BORDER SECURITY REPORT 5 Can the use of passenger data help contain, track, or manage the spread of infectious diseases? A look at what technologies and processes can be utilised to mitigate the spread of Coronavirus. 12 AGENCY REPORTS Latest news and reports reports from key agencies INTERPOL, OSCE, EUROPOL and the IOM. » p.5 18 The Malpensa e-Gates Project A user perspective on e-Gates security and usability at the Malpensa Airport. 22 In a globalised era, how can defence com- panies protect people’s ways of life? How technologies from defence companies can support effective border management. 24 AGENCY NEWS A global review of the latest news, views, stories, challenges and » p.18 » p.24 issues from border agencies and agencies at the border. 28 Cultural Heritage: A New Make-over for an Old Threat to Law Enforcement A look at the illicit trade of antiquities and similar cultural-heritage objects 34 World Border Security Congress A look at the annual international border security gathering being hosted in Athens, Greece on March 31st-2nd April 2020. 42 industry news » p.28 Latest news, views and innovations from the industry. Border Security Report | March/April 2020 4 SHORT REPORT Delivering Augmented Identity at borders Helping you protect your borders while easing the legitimate movement of travelers Secure and Manage the Anticipate threats automated physical movement of and assess risks borders with travelers at all entry using smart data multi-biometric and exit points analytics technology Border Security Report | March/April 2020 Join us on www.idemia.com © Copyright 2020. All rights reserved. IDEMIA | EN - 01/20 | Photo: Eric Vernazobres, IDEMIA Vernazobres, Eric | Photo: IDEMIA | EN - 01/20 reserved. All rights 2020. © Copyright Ad_PSI_WBS_202001-216x303-FINAL.indd 1 28/01/2020 14:10 SPECIAL REPORT 5 CAN THE USE OF passenger Data HELP contain, tracK, OR manage THE SPREAD OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES? By Andrew Priestley, Agile Borders Over the last few months news Humans are by nature, a migratory - helping governments, inter- headlines around the world have species. History shows we have governmental organisations, and been reporting on the outbreak, travelled the planet for millennia. commercial organisations understand attempt to contain, and the spread The way in which we’re now able and make most effective use of of a new coronavirus now known to travel from one side of the world intelligence led border management as COVID-19. Initially discovered to the other in under 24 hours is in Wuhan, China, in just over two undoubtedly a boost for business months the virus has spread from and is enjoyed by tourists. Fast just one city in China to 33 other and efficient travel also means countries around the world . diseases have the ability to spread Border Security Report | March/April 2020 6 SPECIAL REPORT with border management to help control the spread of diseases such as COVID-19? Airlines and cruise/ferry operators provide many governments with passenger information in the form of API (Advance Passenger Information) and PNR (Passenger Name Records) to assist with managing border control with particular focus on counter terrorism and combatting serious and organised crime. Advance Passenger Information contains details about each traveller, at its core it is the information contained in the very quickly. Travellers move and uncontained spread of new machine-readable zone of from one city to another in close diseases. We should consider passports, ID cards, and other proximity to hundreds of other the proposition that diseases may travel documents. A small amount people; disease may be passed on present more of a threat to the of information is added about each at an alarming rate. Ordinarily this global population than terrorism and traveller’s journey but this only isn’t a problem, modern medicine organised crime. relates to the current segment of is incredibly efficient at keeping us There is a very real threat that new the journey being undertaken. well and supporting our immune diseases could travel undetected systems when we become sick. It is possible to see where a around the world very quickly, The challenge comes when a traveller’s journey began as long as spreading through the population in new bacteria or virus such as the journey being undertaken was many countries before individuals COVID-19 emerges. Humans have booked in a single transaction and show any symptoms. no immunity to the new disease as a single journey. For example, and medicine has no means to help As of the time of writing this article the API of a traveller’s journey from us fight off infection or help us get (26th February 2020) COVID-19 London to Sydney via Hong Kong better when we do fall ill. Science kills 1-2% of those it has infected would be shown as a single journey needs time to develop vaccines; outside China . A disease with a with a calling point in Hong Kong. meanwhile, the disease spreads mortality rate of 1-2% that is new to If the traveller booked the same frighteningly quickly science, without a cure, spreading journey as two tickets, perhaps throughout the world’s population There were a reported 15,952 the journey was cheaper when who have no immune resistance, deaths in 2018 as a result of booked as two individual flights, has the potential to kill many terrorism . Each of these deaths or perhaps the traveller wanted to more people in one year than the is a tragedy. I believe that those visit Hong Kong for a few days en- darkest and most devious dreams of us working in the security and route to Sydney, the API would only of terrorists who wish us harm. border management world must show each leg of the journey. The Can we make use of information consider how we contribute to Hong Kong authorities would only gathered by governments to assist managing the threat of uncontrolled see the journey from London. The Border Security Report | March/April 2020 SPECIAL REPORT 7 Australian authorities would only see the leg from Hong Kong. Travel undertaken with multiple tickets or with stopovers is often referred to as broken travel.