Notes on Grasses (Poaceae) for the Flora of China, VI. New Combinations in Stipeae and Anthoxanthum Sylvia M. Phillips Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Surrey TW9 3AB, United Kingdom. [email protected] Wu Zhen-Lan Herbarium, Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Academia Sinica, 78 Xiguan Street, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China ABSTRACT. When Oryzopsis is con®ned to the type generic reassessment for North America and, with species, Chinese species are placed in Achnathe- collaborators, followed this with a report on molec- rum and Piptatherum. This necessitates the follow- ular studies (Jacobs et al., 2000). The two genera ing new combinations: Piptatherum grandispicu- are now considered separate in America (Soreng, lum, Piptatherum aequiglume var. ligulatum, 2003) and will be also in the treatment of Poaceae Piptatherum tibeticum var. psilolepis, Piptatherum for the Flora of China. munroi var. parvi¯orum, Achnatherum henryi, and A further problem involves the genus Oryzopsis Achnatherum henryi var. acutum. Achnatherum Michaux. This name has been widely used in both henryi is lectotypi®ed. The new name Piptatherum hemispheres, with Piptatherum regarded as a syn- kuoi replaces the illegitimate name Piptatherum ob- onym, a view reinforced by Freitag's paper (1975) tusum, and this species is lectotypi®ed. Hierochloe revising the species from southwest Asia. However, potaninii is transferred to Anthoxanthum as A. po- the type species of Oryzopsis, O. asperifolia Mi- taninii, as Hierochloe is regarded as a synonym of chaux (1803) from North America, has many un- Anthoxanthum. All the grass taxa (Poaceae) listed usual features and is not closely related to other are endemic to China. species placed in Oryzopsis (Barkworth, 1993). Ory- Key words: Achnatherum, Anthoxanthum, Chi- zopsis is therefore considered as monotypic in mod- na, Hierochloe, Oryzopsis, Piptatherum, Poaceae. ern treatments (Jacobs et al., 2000; Soreng, 2003), with the other species placed in Piptatherum and When preparing the tribe Stipeae, Poaceae, for Achnatherum. the Flora of China, it was necessary to consider Most Chinese species placed in Oryzopsis in the generic concepts in the light of modern research, Chinese ¯ora (Lu & Kuo, 1987) already have com- as discussed below. This has necessitated a few binations in either Piptatherum or Achnatherum. new combinations. The opportunity is also taken in However, a few new combinations are required, as this paper to publish a new combination in An- set out below. All the taxa listed are endemic to thoxanthum in the tribe Aveneae. China, or almost so (Piptatherum kuoi extends to the Ryukyu islands in Japan and Taiwan). STIPEAE Piptatherum kuoi S. M. Phillips & Z. L. Wu, Delimitation of genera in Stipeae is still in a state nom. nov. Replaced name: Piptatherum obtu- of ¯ux, but recent work has led to a realignment of sum (Stapf) Roshevitz, in Bot. Mater. Gerb. some familiar genera, based in part on molecular Bot. Inst. Komarova Acad. Nauk SSSR 14: studies. Opinion has been divided in the Old World 102. 1951, non Piptatherum obtusum Nees & on whether to take a broad view of Stipa itself, Meyen, 1841. Oryzopsis obtusa Stapf, in Hook- including Achnatherum and some smaller genera, er's Icon. Pl. 24(4): t. 2393. 1895. TYPE: Chi- or whether to recognize Achnatherum separately. na. Hubei: Ichang and immediate neighbor- Freitag (1985) took a broad view, as did Cope hood, A. Henry 3507 (lectotype, designated (1982) and Noltie (2000). However, Russian and here, K). Chinese authors have generally kept the two genera separate, for example Tzvelev (1968, 1976) and Lu This species differs markedly from other Pip- and Kuo (1987). Barkworth (1993) has published a tatherum species in China by its plump, ellipsoid, NOVON 15: 474±476. PUBLISHED ON 21 SEPTEMBER 2005. Volume 15, Number 3 Phillips & Wu 475 2005 New Combinations in Stipeae glabrous ¯oret and large callus with circular scar. Piptatherum munroi (Stapf) Mez var. parvi¯o- It also has glabrous anthers. The other eight Chi- rum (Z. L. Wu) S. M. Phillips & Z. L. Wu, nese species (e.g., P. munroi (Stapf) Mez) have lan- comb. nov. Basionym: Oryzopsis munroi Stapf ceolate, usually pubescent ¯orets and a very shal- var. parvi¯ora Z. L. Wu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. low callus with a transversely elliptic scar. The 30(2): 174. 1992. TYPE: China. Qinghai: anthers are normally bearded. Menyuan, Zhugu, Xuelongtan, 2700 m, 7 July The species Piptatherum aequiglume (Duthie ex 1962, Geobotanical Group 1651 (holotype, Hooker f.) Roshevitz, P. tibeticum Roshevitz, and P. HNWP). munroi (Stapf) Mez belong to a group of closely This taxon differs only slightly from P. tibeticum related species in high parts of western China and Roshevitz, but that species is reported to have an the western Himalaya. The following taxa described ovate ¯oret and 3 to 5 branches at the panicle within this group require transfer from Oryzopsis. nodes, whereas P. munroi var. parvi¯orum has a lanceolate ¯oret and usually paired panicle branch- Piptatherum grandispiculum (P. C. Kuo & Z. L. es. Wu) S. M. Phillips & Z. L. Wu, comb. nov. Two species within Oryzopsis in the Chinese ¯ora Basionym: Oryzopsis grandispicula P. C. Kuo (Lu & Kuo, 1987) ®t better into Achnatherum than & Z. L. Wu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 19: 435. t. 1. Piptatherum, namely O. chinensis and O. henryi. 1981. TYPE: China. Xizang: XigazeÃ, Daiduka, These had previously been recognized as different 3700 m, 25 Aug. 1963, Zhi-ye Gin 10210 (ho- from other Chinese species in Oryzopsis (Wu & lotype, HNWP). Zhou, 1981), when a new section Sinoryzopsis was erected to accommodate them. They are best placed This is a variant with large 8±9 mm spikelets, in Achnatherum on account of their more or less close to P. munroi (Stapf) Mez, but distinguished terete ¯orets with a pubescent callus. The ®rst has from that species and others of the group by its already been transferred as Achnatherum chinense smooth leaves and panicle branches. (Hitchcock) Tzvelev. The second, with its variety, is transferred below. Piptatherum aequiglume (Duthie ex Hooker f.) Roshevitz var. ligulatum (P. C. Kuo & Z. L. Achnatherum henryi (Rendle) S. M. Phillips & Wu) S. M. Phillips & Z. L. Wu, comb. nov. Z. L. Wu, comb. nov. Basionym: Stipa henryi Basionym: Oryzopsis aequiglumis Duthie ex Rendle, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 36: 382. 1904. Ory- Hooker f. var. ligulata P. C. Kuo & Z. L. Wu, zopsis henryi (Rendle) Keng ex P. C. Kuo, Fl. Acta Phytotax. Sin. 19: 435. 1981. TYPE: Chi- Tsinlingensis 1: 145. 1976. TYPE: China. na. Yunnan: Lijiang±Heqing, 2800 m, 10 Sep. Sichuan: S. Wushan, A. Henry 5530 (lectotype, 1962, Exped. Zhongdian 2270 (holotype, designated here, K). KUN). The specimen selected as lectotype from the This taxon appears to be a local element from three syntypes listed in the protologue already the Piptatherum aequiglumis±P. munroi species bears a lectotype label ``selected by H. Freitag.'' group. The 8±13 mm ligule is remarkably long, and However, this lectotypi®cation has never been pub- the 0.4 mm lemma pubescence is longer than in lished. The selected specimen is the best of the either aforementioned species. It may prove to mer- three original syntypes, the other two being poor it separate speci®c status when better known. specimens consisting of only one culm. Achnatherum henryi var. acutum (L. Liu ex Z. Piptatherum tibeticum Roshevitz var. psilolepis L. Wu) S. M. Phillips & Z. L. Wu, comb. nov. (P. C. Kuo & Z. L. Wu) S. M. Phillips & Z. L. Basionym: Oryzopsis henryi var. acuta L. Liu Wu, comb. nov. Basionym: Oryzopsis tibetica ex Z. L. Wu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 19(4): 435. (Roshevitz) P. C. Kuo var. psilolepis P. C. Kuo 1981. Oryzopsis acuta (L. Liu ex Z. L. Wu) L. & Z. L. Wu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 19: 435. 1981. Liu, Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mountains 2: 2257. Oryzopsis psilolepis (P.C.Kuo&Z.L.Wu)L. 1994. TYPE: China. Yunnan: Weixi, 2500 m, Liu, Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mountains 2: 2257. 8 Mar. 1940, K. M. Feng 3729 (holotype, PE). 1994. TYPE: China. Sichuan: Anning, 2400 m, 4 July 1959, Xin Li 78029 (holotype, PE). ANTHOXANTHUM This taxon differs from the typical variety by its The genus HierochloeÈ R. Brown was included smooth glabrous lemmas. within Anthoxanthum by Schouten and Veldkamp 476 Novon (1985) because of the morphological intermediates from southern Gansu and western Sichuan provinc- between them. This decision was followed by Noltie es of China. (2000) and has been borne out by work on the Acknowledgments. We thank the curators at group for the Flora of China, where several inter- KUN and HNWP for sending types on loan to Kew. mediates also occur. By unifying these two genera, their close relationship is emphasized, as evi- Literature Cited denced by their unusual 3-¯owered spikelet struc- ture, with the two lower ¯orets sterile or staminate Barkworth, M. E. 1993. North American Stipeae (Grami- neae): Taxonomic changes and other comments. Phyto- and modi®ed, and all three falling together from the logia 74: 1±25. glumes as one unit. The possession of coumarin, Cope, T. A. 1982. Flora of Pakistan. No. 143. Poaceae. found in this group, does not occur elsewhere in Department of Botany, University of Karachi. the grasses. Freitag, H. 1975. The genus Piptatherum (Gramineae) in Southwest Asia. Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33: Schouten and Veldkamp made new combinations 341±408. in Anthoxanthum for those species of HierochloeÈ . 1985. The genus Stipa (Gramineae) in Southwest where combinations did not already exist, but omit- and South Asia. Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 42: ted one species from China. 355±489. Jacobs, S. W. L., J. Everett, M. E. Barkworth & C. Hsiao. 2000. Relationships within the stipoid grasses (Grami- Anthoxanthum potaninii (Tzvelev) S. M. Phillips neae). Pp. 75±82 in S.