DIGITAL MEDIA, A GENERAL OVERVIEW Visual Communication 2 and Perspective Course | Spring Semester 18’ WHAT IS DIGITAL? Digital describes electronic technology that generates, stores, and processes data in terms of two states: positive and non-positive. Positive is expressed or represented by the number 1 and non-positive by the number 0. Thus, data transmitted or stored with digital technology is expressed as a string of 0's and 1's. Each of these state digits is referred to as a bit. WHAT IS ANALOG? Analog describes a device or system that represents changing values as continuously variable physical quantities. Analog radio, telephone or a microphone are typical examples of analog devices. Tools blocks, hatches… BBC Archive 1969 Specifics of Software and Digital Tools General taxonomy of Digital Media: Pre-Production Modeling and Drawing; Image Production; Post-Production Image Manipulation. CAD-CAM- BIM: • CAD (computer-aided design) and CAM (computer-aided manufacturing) 3D Solid Modelling; • Parametric modelling, and Direct or Explicit Modelling, BIM (Building Information Modelling) (Computer augmented drafting and manufacturing (CADAM); • Digital Prototyping,; NURBS (Non-uniform rational basis spline); • Parametric and Algorithmic Design Tools (Scripting in design and in fabrication) General Issues of Digital Media • Ethics and technical issues of sharing digital content; Unwritten professional standards; User • Interfaces; Plugins; Augmented Reality; Virtual Reality; Post production and Presentation • (Prezi, Powerpoint, Pdf etc.); File publishing, on-line publishing; Archiving, sharing, clouds, and • ethics; Databases and Tags; Getting feedback; Following blocks, portals; Mind Mapping and • database (Personal brain, Graphic commons etc.); Developing personal and oce libraries… NURBS-based 3-D modeling tools: Rhinoceros, Autodesk 3ds Max, Autodesk Maya Vectoral 2d/3d modelling tools: Autodesk Autocad, Google Sketchup… Vectoral 2d/3d modelling tools: Autodesk Autocad, Google Sketchup… BIM: Nemetschek Vectorworks, ArchiCAD, Allplan, Autodesk Revit… Vectoral 2d illustration tools: Adobe Illustrator, Adobe Indesign,Corel Draw, Autodesk Sketchbook Designer … Vectoral 2d illustration tools: Adobe Illustrator, Corel Draw, Autodesk Sketchbook Designer… Raster 2d bitmap editing software (Post-Production Software): Adobe Photoshop, Autodesk… Sketchbook Pro, Corel PaintShop Pro, Adobe Lightroom… Desktop Publishing Software: Adobe In Design, Quark Express, Adobe PageMaker, Google Layout… Visualization/Animation software: Cinema 4D, Lumion 3D, Autodesk 3ds Max, Autodesk Maya… 3D rendering engines: Blender, VRay, YafaRay, LuxRender, Kerkythea, Visualizer, Maxwell Render… Algorhytmic Modelling: Grasshopper… Technologies of Production • Subtractive Manufacturing (SM); CNC (computerized numerical control; • CNC Laser, CNC Plasma, Plate Folding etc.); • 3D printing (additive manufacturing (AM)) technologies; • DIY (Do It Yourself) culture; Maker Culture; • Hacker Culture; Open Source information and Details; Digital Graphics • Vector (Lineart) - definition of line-shape and mathematical definition of form; • Raster(Bitmap)definition of regions through the mapping of bits; Process colours (CMYK & amp; RGB) vs.Solid/Spot colour; • Colour Systems (Pantone, RAL, STO etc.); • Colour Schemes (eg. Paletton, Copic palettes etc.). 1 pixel? 1 bit image 2 bit image 4 bit image 8 bit image bit/possibilities/file size DPI (Dots per Inch) Dpi stands for the number of dots or pixels in an inch of the image “Dots per inch (DPI) is a measure of spatial printing or video dot density, in a particular the number of individual dots that can be placed in a line within the span of 1 inch” wikipedia JPEG/TIFF/GIFF? JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) is a compression method (but a lossy one) ● 8-bit grayscale, 24-bit color images ● significant reduction of the file size ● degradation when repeatedly edited and saved TIFF (Tagged Image File Format): ● accepted in printing business (CMYK) GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) ● animation ● lossless but less detail Ivan Sutherland Sketchpad Demo space-x hand gesture RGB/CMYK? 24 bit image RGB Space consist of color information for each pixel 8 bit for each color 8+8+8= 24 bit Thanks .