Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC®) Users’ Guide Version 2.66 PUBLISHED JUNE 2019 For LOINC Version 2.66 Edited by: Clem McDonald, MD Stan Huff, MD Jamalynne Deckard, MS Sara Armson, MS Swapna Abhyankar, MD Daniel J. Vreeman, PT, DPT, MS Questions and Comments: [email protected] Website: loinc.org COPYRIGHT ©1995-2019 REGENSTRIEF INSTITUTE, INC. AND THE LOGICAL OBSERVATION IDENTIFIERS NAMES AND CODES (LOINC) COMMITTEE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Table of Contents Copyright Notice and License ................................................................................................................ ix Notice of Third Party Content and Copyright Terms ........................................................................................................... xv Required Attributions for Third Party Content not identified as such in the EXTERNAL_COPYRIGHT_ NOTICE field: ....................................................................................................................................................................................... xv 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................1 1.1 Acknowledgments ........................................................................................................................................................................ 2 1.2 What is not part of the name .................................................................................................................................................... 3 1.3 Scope of LOINC ............................................................................................................................................................................. 4 2 Major Parts of a LOINC term ...............................................................................................................6 2.1 General naming conventions .................................................................................................................................................... 7 2.1.1 Abbreviations in names of Component (Analyte) ......................................................................................................................... 7 2.1.2 General naming rules for the Component (Analyte) ....................................................................................................................8 2.1.3 Punctuation in Analyte names ............................................................................................................................................................9 2.1.4 Case insensitivity ................................................................................................................................................................................. 10 2.1.5 Roman numerals vs. Arabic numerals .......................................................................................................................................... 10 2.1.6 Exponents ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 10 2.1.7 Use of the slash (/) ................................................................................................................................................................................ 10 2.1.8 Use of curly braces {} in LOINC names ......................................................................................................................................... 11 2.2 Component/Analyte (1st part) .................................................................................................................................................11 2.2.1 Analyte name (1st subpart) ............................................................................................................................................................... 11 2.2.2 Challenge test (2nd subpart) ............................................................................................................................................................. 13 2.2.3 Adjustments/corrections (3rd subpart) ........................................................................................................................................ 18 2.2.4 Distinguishing multiple values for any test via the test name (4th subpart) ................................................................ 18 2.3 Kind of Property (also called kind of quantity) (2nd part) ............................................................................................18 2.3.1 Quantitative Properties .......................................................................................................................................................................19 2.3.2 Qualitative Properties ..........................................................................................................................................................................21 2.3.3 More examples of LOINC Properties .............................................................................................................................................21 2.4 Time Aspect (point or moment in time vs. time interval) (3rd part) ..........................................................................26 2.4.1 Time Aspect Modifier ........................................................................................................................................................................... 28 2.5 System (sample) type (4th part) ..............................................................................................................................................28 2.5.1 Special issues related to XXX as a System ...................................................................................................................................30 2.5.2 Super System (2nd subpart) ............................................................................................................................................................... 31 2.6 Type of Scale (5th part) ..............................................................................................................................................................31 2.6.1 Quantitative (Qn) ................................................................................................................................................................................. 32 2.6.2 Ordinal (Ord) .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 32 2.6.3 Quantitative/Ordinal (OrdQn) ....................................................................................................................................................... 32 LOINC USERS’ GUIDE • JUNE 2019 ii 2.6.4 Nominal (Nom) ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 33 2.6.5 Narrative (Nar) ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 33 2.6.6 Multi .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 33 2.6.7 Document (Doc) .................................................................................................................................................................................... 33 2.7 Type of Method (6th part) ........................................................................................................................................................34 2.7.1 Methods for identifying nucleic acids .......................................................................................................................................... 35 2.7.2 Immune assays ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 37 2.7.3 Immunoblot and Line blot Methods ...............................................................................................................................................38 2.7.4 Coagulation ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 38 2.7.5 Stains ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 38 2.7.6 Substrates used to measure enzyme activity............................................................................................................................ 38 2.7.7 “Detection limit” Methods .................................................................................................................................................................39 2.7.8 “Confirm”Method outside of Drug/Tox .......................................................................................................................................