..f.,5$1______ -~ survey -------) WHO WAS WHO IN KINETICS, REACTION ENGINEERING, AND CATALYSIS CAMI L. JACKSON AND JOSEPH H . HOLLES University of liyoming • Laramie, WY 82071 n the tradition of "Who was Who in Transport Phenom­ We have tried to include the names that are encountered ena" by Byron Bird in Chemical Engineering Education,CI J frequently in textbooks for both undergraduates and gradu­ Iwe have developed a similar set of microbiographies for ates (by noted authors such as Levenspiel, Hill, Fogler, and persons in the fields of kinetics, reaction engineering, and Froment and Bischoff). Again, we follow Bird's lead and do catalysis. As noted by Bird, an otherwise typical lecture not include these people simply for authoring books in these can be enlivened by presenting biographical information fields . We do, however, include-where appropriate- famous about the people whose names appear in famous equations, texts written by those scientists and engineers included for dimensionless groups, plots, approximations, and theories . other reasons. We have tried to focus on those persons who The wide variety of applications for this type of information contributed to the science of a field and not just contributed to has been demonstrated by using activity breaks to teach the a specific reaction or system (e.g., Haber and Bosch). While history of our professionl21 and as trading card rewards for contributions to specific reactions or systems are important, academic performance _l31 we elected not to include them in order to limit the scope of With the introduction and widespread acceptance ofWiki­ the project. Finally, we have tried to include interesting non­ pedia, basic biographical information on many of the early technical or non-professional information where possible to contributors to the profession of chemical engineering can be show the breadth of these individuals. simple to find . If, however, the named person is more famous Joseph H. Holies is an associate professor in for something else (e .g., Edward Teller) , the inclusion of any the Department of Chemical and Petroleum information on his contribution to the BET isotherm can be Engineering at the University of Wyoming. He received his B.S. in chemical engineering in easily omitted from his or her biography. In addition, while 1990 from Iowa State University and his M.E. improving, the citation of references in Wikipedia articles is and Ph.D. from the University of Virginia in 1998 and 2000, respectively. His research area still not up to the standards we expect of academic articles. is nanoscale materials design and synthesis Thus, while Wikipedia has served as a useful starting point, for catalytic applications with an emphasis on structure/property most of the information here has been assembled from primary relationships and and secondary sources. The more useful secondary sources in-situ character- include the Nobel Prize and Chemical Heritage Foundation ization. websites, published biographies of members of the National Cami Jackson received a B.S. in 2011 and Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, M.S. 2012 in chemical engineering from the Fellows of the Royal Society, and retrospectives written by University of Wyoming. She currently works as a process engineeer at Cody Laboratories students, colleagues, and admirers published in a wide variety in Cody, Wyoming. of academic journals. © Copyrigh t ChE Division of ASEE 2013 Vol . 47, No. 4, Fall 2013 197 While the majority of scientists and engineers included in Sciences in Stockholm in 1881 these biographies are academics, industrial researchers also • Received docentship at Uppsala in physical chemistry in provided significant contributions. For example, while Em­ 1884 mett, Eyring, and Taylor spent the majority of their careers in • Worked with van 't Hoff in Amsterdam in 1888 academia, major contributions were provided by Langmuir, • 1903 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the advancement of Macmullin, and van Krevelen while working in industrial chemistry by his electrolytic theory of dissociation positions on practical problems. • Academy of Sciences started Nobel Institute for physical As an extension to Bird's biographies, we have tried to chemistry with Arrhenius as chief in 1905 include, where possible, a reference for a seminal text or • Authored the Textbook o/Theoretical Electrochemistry in manuscript for the noted work. Many students would be sur­ 1900, the Theories of Chemistry in 1906, and lmmuno­ prised by how recent much of the work is since they always chemistry in 1918 "assume" everything in the textbook is ancient history. These • 1911 Elected Foreign Member of the Royal Society seminal works can also be used to demonstrate how ideas and • Davy Medal of the Royal Society and Faraday Medal of approaches to solving real-world problems eventually migrate the Chemical Society in 1914 to textbooks. The availability of online access to full-text • Died: Oct. 2, 1927, in Stockholm, Sweden journal articles allows these references to be quickly obtained and available for classroom use. Jons Jakob Berzeliusc21 Images of the famous scientists and engineers associated Definition ofcatalysis to describe reactions that are acceler­ with the biographies herein can also contribute to the adapta­ ated by substances (catalysts) that remain unchanged after tion of this information for classroom use. We have not in­ the reaction cluded photographs or portraits for two reasons. First, includ­ • Born: Aug. 20, 1779, Vliversunda in Ostergotland in ing pictures of appropriate resolution would add significantly Sweden to the length of this article. Second, many photographs and • M.D., Uppsala University, 1802 portraits are protected with copyright registration. For class­ room usage, Google Image search will often return a variety • Professor at the Medical College in Stockholm in 1807 of images with the caveat for the user to abide by copyright • Discovered a number of new elements including cerium, restrictions. Briefly, showing an image in a live lecture without selenium, and thorium obtaining permission is legal, but showing the same image • Determined atomic weights of nearly all the elements in a paper or book is not legal unless permission is obtained. then known • Permanent Secretary of the Royal Swedish Academy of REFERENCES Sciences from 1818-1848 1. Bird, R.B., "Who Was Who in Transport Phenomena," Chem. Eng. • Died: Aug. 7, 1848, Stockholm, Sweden Educ., 34(4), 256 (2001) 2. Holies, J .H., "Old Dead Guys: Using Activity Breaks to teach History," Max BodensteinC3, 4J Chem. Eng. Educ ., 43(2), 1 (2009) 3. Rockstraw, D., "Old Dead Guy Trading Cards," Chem . Eng . Educ. , Steady State Approximation-assumes that the concentration 46(1), inside front cover (2012) of one or more of the active intermediates is constant with respect to time PROFILES • Z. Phys. Chem. 57 (1908) 168 Svante Arrheniusc 11 • Born: July 15 , 1871 , in Magdeburg, Germany Arrhenius Equation-temperature dependence of rate con­ • Ph.D. in 1893 from Heidelberg stants • Assistant to Ostwald at Leipzig from 1900-1906 k=Ae-E/RT (1) • Professor at Berlin from 1906-1908 • Professor at Hannover from 1908-1923 Arrhenius Number-proportional to activation energy over • Succeeded Nernst as director of the Physical Chemical potential energy Institute of the University of Berlin in 1923 E • Elected fellow of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences in a.=- (2) RT 1942 • Died: Sept. 3, 1942, in Berlin, Germany • Born: Feb. 19, 1859, in Vik, Sweden • 1876 entered the University of Uppsala studying math­ Stephen Brunauercs1 ematics, chemistry, and physics Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) Isotherm-takes multi-layer • Worked under Professor E. Edlund at the Academy of adsorption into account when looking at heterogeneous catalysts 198 Chemical Engineering Education • J. Am. Chem. Soc. 10 (1938) 309 • Awarded the George Cross for disarming land mines that • Born: 1903 in Hungary had fallen on London in 1940 • Emigrated to the United States in 1921 • Executive editor of Chemical Engineering Science from 1958-1982 • A.B. degree from Columbia University in 1925; M.S. in 1929 from George Washington University • Shell Professor of Chemical Engineering at the Univer­ sity of Cambridge from 1959-1977 • Ph.D. in 1933 from Johns Hopkins University • Elected as foreign associate of the U.S. National Acad­ • Order of the British Empire from Great Britain and U.S. emy of Engineering in 1978 Navy Commendation Ribbon in 1946 • Fellow of the Royal Society • Manager of Basic Research for the Portland Cement As­ sociation • Died: Oct. 25, 1984 • Chairman of the Chemistry Department at Clarkson Col­ Daniel Douglas Eley[81 lege of Technology (now Clarkson University) in 1965 Eley-Rideal Mechanism-a mechanism in which one molecule • Kendall Award of the American Chemical Society in 1969 is adsorbed while the other reacts from the gas phase • Died: July 6, 1986 • Nature 146 (1940) 401 • Born: 1914 Gerhard Damkohler[61 • Ph.D. under Michael Polanyi at the University of Man­ Damkohler Number-a series ofdimensionless numbers used chester in 1937 to relate chemical reaction timescales to other phenomena • Ph.D. under Eric Keightly Rideal at Cambridge in 1940 timescales • Professor of chemistry at University of Bristol and Uni­ (3) versity of Nottingham • Honorary member of the British Biophysical Society in 1982 (4) • Elected Fellow of the Royal Society in 1964 91 • Der Chemie-Jngenier 3 (1937) 430 Paul Emmettl • Born: March 16, 1908 , in Klingenmiinster, Germany Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) Isotherm-takes multi-layer • Ph.D. from University of Munich in 1931 adsorption into account when looking at heterogeneous cata­ lysts • Assistant to Arnold Eucken at Gottingen University's Institute of Physical Chemistry in 1934 • J. Am. Chem. Soc. 10 (1938) 309 • Associate of Ernst Schmidt in the Aeronautical Research • Born: Sept. 22, 1900, in Portland, Oregon Establishment's Motors Research Institute in Braunsch­ • Graduated from Oregon Agricultural College (Oregon weig in October 1937 State University) in 1922 • Offered a chair in Chemical Engineering at Darmstadt • Ph.D.