Association of Research Directors, Inc. 16th Biennial Research Symposium April 9 – 13, 2011 Atlanta Marriott Marquis Atlanta, Georgia Program & Abstracts 1890 Research: Sustainable Solutions for Current and Emerging Issues Table of Contents Greetings from the Chair of ARD ...................................................................................... iii 1890 Land-Grant Universities ............................................................................................ iv Program ............................................................................................................................... 1 Summary ................................................................................................................ 2 Sunday Morning .................................................................................................... 4 Sunday Afternoon ................................................................................................ 13 Monday Afternoon ............................................................................................... 19 Poster Presentations Food Safety and Global Food Security ................................................................ 29 Renewable Resources, Bioenergy and Environmental ........................................ 32 Sustainable Plant and Animal Production Systems ............................................. 36 Family, Youth, Community and Economic Development ................................... 42 Human Health, Nutrition, and Obesity Prevention .............................................. 43 Abstracts of Presentations Food Safety and Global Food Security Oral: Undergraduate, Graduate & Scientist ............................................ 46 Poster: Undergraduate, Graduate & Scientist ......................................... 66 Renewable Resources, Bioenergy and Environmental Stewardship Oral: Undergraduate, Graduate & Scientist ............................................ 86 Poster: Undergraduate, Graduate & Scientist ....................................... 108 Sustainable Plant and Animal Production Systems Oral: Undergraduate, Graduate & Scientist .......................................... 130 Poster: Undergraduate, Graduate & Scientist ....................................... 161 Family, Youth, Community and Economic Development Oral: Undergraduate, Graduate & Scientist .......................................... 195 Poster: Undergraduate, Graduate & Scientist ....................................... 208 Human Health, Nutrition, and Obesity Prevention Oral: Undergraduate, Graduate & Scientist ......................................... 214 Poster: Undergraduate, Graduate & Scientist ....................................... 226 Index of Authors ............................................................................................................. 244 Acknowledgments ........................................................................................................... 267 ii Greetings from the Chair It is with great pleasure that I welcome you to the Association of 1890 Research Directors‘ 16th Biennial Research Symposium. The Association of Research Directors, Inc. (ARD) is the official representative body of the agricultural research administrators of the eighteen 1890 Land Grant Universities. Through its role of supporting and enhancing 1890 research in the food and agricultural sciences, the ARD has held symposia for the sharing of knowledge since 1976. The 16th Biennial Research Symposium, with support, participation, and conscientious and excellent work of many from the 1890 universities, is an initiative that brings us much pride. We are overwhelmingly grateful for your participation in this major endeavor of the 1890 Family and also give our heartfelt thanks to the federal agencies and 1862 land-grant universities which provided both financial and programmatic support. Finally, we thank our students and colleagues who will be the symposium highlights – the providers of excellent poster and oral presentations in the food and agricultural sciences, as well as those who will speak at the general sessions and workshops. We look forward to our award ceremonies in which many will be honored for outstanding achievements, both through professional endeavors and award winning presentations. The details of putting on such a massive endeavor were handled exceptionally well by the Symposium Steering Committee and associated subcommittees, the webmaster, and the Technology Committee and all of these individuals are gratefully acknowledged in the Symposium Proceedings. Of course, Dr. Orlando McMeans is thanked with great fervor for serving as the chair of the Steering Committee. The Research Directors and the Associate Research Directors provided excellent leadership and involvement and are commended for advancing excellent research, academic and outreach programs at respective 1890 institutions. As has been said consistently by Chairs of the ARD who preceded me, on behalf of the ARD, I am proud of the excellence demonstrated consistently at the member institutions. I hope this symposium proves to be enlightening and enjoyable for all of you and that you will feel we have met our goal of ―providing a forum for interactions, knowledge sharing, building networks for expanded partnerships and showcasing the talents and achievements of the 1890 community.‖ Sincerely, Dyremple Marsh, Chair Association of 1890 Research Directors, Inc. iii 1890 Land-Grant Universities The 1890 Land-Grant Universities and Tuskegee University, commonly referred to as ―the 1890s,‖ are those institutions established under the Second Morrill Act of 1890. These Historically Black Institutions share the land-grant mission of teaching, research, and extension. The eighteen (18) 1890s are located in seventeen (17) states shown on the logo of the Association of 1890 Research Directors, Inc. (ARD). Having as its motto ―Progress through Research and Service,‖ the ARD brings together the administrators of the 1890 Research Programs at these land-grant universities to conduct regional research projects and initiatives and to collectively promote the training of young researchers as well as the research goals of their institutions in a way that benefits their states, region and the nation. ARD members serve on state, regional, national and international bodies. The Presidents & Research Directors for member 1890 universities are listed below: President Director Alabama A&M University Andrew Hugine Robert Taylor Alcorn State University M. Christopher Brown Barry L. Bequette Delaware State University Harry L. Williams Dyremple Marsh Florida A&M University James H. Ammons Samuel L. Donald Fort Valley State University Larry Rivers Govindarajan Kannan Kentucky State University Mary E. Sias Harold Benson Langston University JoAnn Haysbert Marvin Burns Lincoln University Carolyn R. Mahoney Steven Meredith North Carolina A&T State University Harold Martin Donald McDowell Prairie View A&M University George C. Wright Freddie L. Richards South Carolina State University George E. Cooper Garlen Wesson Southern University Ronald Mason, Jr. Kirkland Mellad Tennessee State University Portia Holmes Shields Chandra Reddy Tuskegee University Gilbert L. Rochon Walter A. Hill University of Arkansas Pine Bluff Lawrence A. Davis, Jr. James Garner University of Maryland Eastern Shore Thelma B. Thompson Jurgen Schwartz Virginia State University Keith T. Miller Wondi Mersie West Virginia State University Hazo W. Carter, Jr. Orlando F. McMeans Officers of the ARD for 2010 - 2012 are: Dyremple Marsh – Chair Donald McDowell – Chair-Elect Orlando McMeans – Secretary & Immediate Past Chair Conrad Bonsi – Treasurer Kirkland Mellad – Member-at-Large Carolyn B. Brooks – Executive Director iv ARD 2011 1890 Research: Sustainable Solutions for Current and Emerging Issues Programs 1 Association of 1890 Research Directors, Inc. Program of Events for the 16th Biennial Research Symposium Event Time Location Saturday, April 9 Registration 1:00 p.m. – 6:00 p.m. Imperial Reg. Booth (Marquis Level) Judges and Moderators Meeting 6:00 p.m. – 8:00 p.m. Atrium Level, rooms A – 601 & A – 602 Sunday, April 10 Poster/Exhibit Setup 6:00 a.m. – 3:00 p.m. International South Hall (Intl. Level) Registration 8:00 a.m. – 5:00 p.m. Imperial Reg. Booth (Marquis Level) Student Competitive Paper Sessions 8:30 a.m. – 4:00 p.m. International South Hall (1 – 6, B, C) Break 10:00 a.m. – 11:00 a.m. International South Hall (Intl. Level) Lunch (on your own) Break 2:00 p.m. – 3:00 p.m. International South Hall (Intl. Level) Student Competitive Poster Judging 3:30 p.m. – 6:00 p.m. International South Hall (Intl. Level) Exhibit Hall Opening (ribbon cutting) 6:45 p.m. – 7:00 p.m. Outside the glass doors of International South Hall (Intl. Level) Welcome Reception 7:00 p.m. – 9:00 p.m. Imperial Ballroom (Marquis Level) Monday, April 11 Continental Breakfast 7:00 a.m. – 8:15 a.m. International South Hall (Intl. Level) Registration 8:00 a.m. – 5:00 p.m. Imperial Reg. Booth (Marquis Level) General (Opening) Session (Welcome by government and university officials) 8:30 a.m. – 10:00 a.m. Imperial Ballroom (Marquis Level) Break 10:00 a.m. – 10:30 a.m. International South Hall (Intl. Level) Exhibit Viewing 10:00 a.m. – 11:45 a.m. International South Hall (Intl. Level) Posters with authors 10:00 a.m. – 11:45 a.m. International South Hall (Intl. Level) Student Awards Luncheon 12:00 p.m. – 1:45 p.m. Marquis C/D Exhibit Viewing 2:00 p.m. – 6:00 p.m. International