Electronic Capture, 2011 The PDF file from which this document was printed was generated by scanning an original copy of the publication. Because the capture method used was 'Searchable Image (Exact)', it was not possible to proofread the resulting file to remove errors resulting from the capture process. Users should therefore verify critical information in an original copy of the publication. Department of Mines, Resources and Environmental Management MANITfiBA MINERAL RESOURCES DIVISION MRD Educational Series 78 /1 Minerals of Manitoba Volume I: Non-metallic and pegmatitic by K.A. Phillips Ph.D., P. Eng. Winnipeg, 1978 1 Minerals 01 Manitoba Volume II:: Non-metallic and pegmatitic* Introduction .................................................... 10 A. Quartz and other silica minerals . 14 B. The Feldspars 17 c. Mica, Chlorite and Graphite ......................................... 22 D. Calcite, Dolomite and other carbonates 27 E. Gypsum and Anydrite ...................•.......................... 30 F. Olivine, Serpentine and TalcTalc.. 34 G. The Pyroxenes 39 H. The Amphiboles 43 I. Epidote and other lime·rich minerals 48 J. Anda\usite, Kyanite and Sill imani tc 54 K. The Garnets 57 L. Staurolite 60 M. Cordierite 62 N. Pegmatitic minerals . 65 References 78 Table of Minerals (indexed) 82 Maps ......................................................... 89 ..'" Owing to their mode of occurrence in Manitoba, certain metallic oxides such as cassiterite and uraninite are incfuded with the pegmatitic minerals in this volume. Sulphides, major ore minerals and most other metallic minerals are scheduled for inclusion in volume Jl 2 Foreword This publication is the second in an educational series from geological maps and reports of the Manitoba intended to introduce the general public to the rocks Government, issued over the past thirty years, but and minerals of Manitoba. The first publication (1975) publications of the Geological Survey of Canada (active was "Common Rocks in Manitoba" by the same author, in Manitoba for the past hundred years) have also proved explaining how various rocks are formed and how to extremely valuable. These various sources have been recognize them. In the present work it has been assumed acknowledged throughout the text so that geologists or that the reader has access to this or an alternative book others requiring more detailed information can refer to of reference. In the absence of a geological text, an the original publications. encyclopaedia or a comprehensive modern dictionary The twenty-six maps that accompany the text range will define the more commonly used rock-names and from simplified geological maps to small locality maps, some geological terms. The present volume is a summary but all are designed to show where the various minerals of the principal non-metallic minerals that can be seen can be found. Maps A to M (though not restricted to and studied in outcrops, quarries or rock-dumps within roadside outcrops) show some areas between the Trans­ the province. Although a few metallic minerals (such as Canada Highway and the Flin Flon Snow Lake region cassiterite and uraninite) have been included because of that are accessible by road. Maps N to P show areas their pegmatitic mode of occurrence in Manitoba, north of the Grass River Provincial Park and requiring descriptions of the major metallic and ore minerals supplementary journeys either by boat or aeroplane. (including all the sulphides) have been reserved for a Maps Q to T cover areas further north (Thompson-­ separate volume. Lynn Lake regions) that can nevertheless be entered by The source material for the present volume has been road transport. Maps U to Ware Indian Reserve areas to drawn mainly from the published works of government which regular air services are flown. For the remaining geologists, supplemented by other studies in areas of three areas (Maps X to Z) charter aircraft are currently particular interest. Most of the field descriptions are the only means of ready access. 3 Maps Index Map .........................•.......................... 89 A Whiteshell Park (south) ............................................. 90 B Lac du BOl'lnet Bird Lake ......................................... 91 C Greer Lake Cat Lake ........................................... 92 D Hecla Island Garner Lake 93 E Winnipeg Interlake region 94 F Gypsumville area 95 G Dawson Bay ................................................... 96 H Flin Flon area 97 Iskwasum Lake 98 Reed Lake (west) . 99 K Wekusko Lake 100 L Snow Lake ..................................................... 101 M Elbow Lake 102 N File Lake ..................................................... 103 o Batty Lake ..................................................... 104 P Burntwood Lake ..........' ....................................... 105 Q Pain t Lake Cuthbert Lake ......................................... 106 R Nelson House area ..•............................................. 107 S Rat Lake - Granville Lake Ruttan Lake ............................... 108 T Lynn Lake Fox Lake 109 U Cross Island ...••..........•....•............................... 110 V Island Lake (west) .............•...•.............................. 111 W Oxford Lake Knee Lake 112 X West of Kississing Lake 113 Y Bear Lake - Utik Lake 114 Z Fox River ..................................................... 115 4 Plates l. Typical quartz crystals (Museum) 14 2. Smoky quartz from Bernic Lake 14 3. Rose quartz from Birse Lake ......................................... 15 4. Typical specimen of jasper (Museum) ................................... 15 5. Typical agate pebble from Souris 15 6. Orthoclase from railway cutting, southern Whiteshell area ................. .. 20 7. Perthite from quarry northwest of West Hawk Lake ......................... 20 8. Amazonstone (Museum) ........................................... 20 9. C leavelandite from Bernic Lake ....................................... 20 10. Plagioclase phenocrysts in basalt porphyry from Utik Lake ..................... 20 11. Ornamental labradorite from Labrador (Museum) ........................... 20 12. Muscovite book from Greer Lake quarry ................................. 22 13. Fuchsite from old workings near Lamprey Falls 22 14. Fine-grained lepidolite from Bernic Lake _ ................................ 22 15. Zinnwaldite from Greer Lake area 25 16. Typical book of biotite with quartz and feldspar (Museum) ..................... 25 17. Chlorite from vein, with calcite (Museum) ............................... 25 18. Coarse graphite with quartz and feldspar (Museum) ......................... 25 19. A large calcite crystal (Museum) 27 20. Dolomite crystals (Museum) 27 2l. Selenite crystal from Altona 30 22. Alabaster from Gypsumville 30 23. Satin spar from Gypsumville ......................................... 31 24. Typical anhydrite specimen {Museum} " ............................... 31 25. Gypsum rock showing bedding, from Gypsumville ........................... 31 26. Olivine basalt (Museum) ........................................... 34 27. Peridot gemstone (Museum) ......................................... 34 28. Olivine phenocrysts (serpentinized) in peridotite from Bird River sill 34 29. Platy green serpentine from Flin Flon ................................... 37 30. Fibrous (asbestiform) serpentine (Museum) ............................... 37 31. Massive talc from Flin Flon 37 32. Flaky green talc (Museum) 37 33. Pyroxene porphyry from Snow Lake ................................... 39 34. Hypersthene phenocrysts in gabbro from Prudhomme Lake ..................... 39 35. Green diopside cfystals (Museum) ..................................... 39 36. Black augite crystals (Museu m) ....................................... 39 37. Diopside from Bird River ........................................... 39 38. Hornblendite from Sherridon 43 5 39. Black hornblende crystals in nickel ore from Dumbarton MineMine.. 43 40. Actinolite (Museum) .............................................. 43 41. Tremolite (Museum) 43 42. Anthophyllite schist from Batty Lake . 43 43. Epidote veins in quartzite from Anderson LakeLake.. 49 44. Crystalline intergrowth of epidote (Museum)(Museum).. 49 45. Ep idote in polished specimen from Ruttan Lake 49 46. Zoisite with quartz (Museum) ........................................ 49 47. Scapolite crystals (Museum) .......................................... 49 48. Cleavage block of green scapolite (Museum)(Museum).. 49 49. Apatite crystal (Museum) . 53 50. Pink apatite intergrown with dark hornblende (Museum) ...................... 53 51. Dark sphene crystals with pale scapolite (Museum) .......................... 53 52. Large sphene crystal (Museum) . 53 53. Pale scheelite with dark lava-rock from West Hawk Lake area .................... 53 54. White andalusite crystals, stained brown by iron oxides and accompanied by minor blue lazulite (Museum) ...................................... 54 55. Green kyanite with muscovite flakes in quartzo-feldspathic groundmass, Herb LakeLake.. 54 56. Blue kyanite in quartz-sericite sch ist from Anderson Lake ...................... 54 57. Elongated knots or clusters composed of sillimanite, quartz and feldspar stand out on weathered surface of paragneiss near Russell Lake .................. 54 58. Large sillimanite crystal in altered sedimentary rock from Bear LakeLake.. 54 59. Garnet crystals from Chisel Lake 57 60. Well-formed garnets in schist from File Lake ............................... 57 61. Some staurolite