University of Kentucky UKnowledge Theses and Dissertations--Early Childhood, Special Education, and Rehabilitation Early Childhood, Special Education, and Counseling Rehabilitation Counseling 2018 USING GRADUATED GUIDANCE TO TEACH IMITATION OF MANUAL SIGNS TO CHILDREN WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES Jacqueline Horsman University of Kentucky, [email protected] Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.13023/ETD.2018.102 Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Horsman, Jacqueline, "USING GRADUATED GUIDANCE TO TEACH IMITATION OF MANUAL SIGNS TO CHILDREN WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES" (2018). Theses and Dissertations--Early Childhood, Special Education, and Rehabilitation Counseling. 57. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/edsrc_etds/57 This Master's Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Early Childhood, Special Education, and Rehabilitation Counseling at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations--Early Childhood, Special Education, and Rehabilitation Counseling by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STUDENT AGREEMENT: I represent that my thesis or dissertation and abstract are my original work. Proper attribution has been given to all outside sources. I understand that I am solely responsible for obtaining any needed copyright permissions. I have obtained needed written permission statement(s) from the owner(s) of each third-party copyrighted matter to be included in my work, allowing electronic distribution (if such use is not permitted by the fair use doctrine) which will be submitted to UKnowledge as Additional File. I hereby grant to The University of Kentucky and its agents the irrevocable, non-exclusive, and royalty-free license to archive and make accessible my work in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I agree that the document mentioned above may be made available immediately for worldwide access unless an embargo applies. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of my work. I understand that I am free to register the copyright to my work. REVIEW, APPROVAL AND ACCEPTANCE The document mentioned above has been reviewed and accepted by the student’s advisor, on behalf of the advisory committee, and by the Director of Graduate Studies (DGS), on behalf of the program; we verify that this is the final, approved version of the student’s thesis including all changes required by the advisory committee. The undersigned agree to abide by the statements above. Jacqueline Horsman, Student Dr. Justin D. Lane, Major Professor Dr. Melinda Ault, Director of Graduate Studies University of Kentucky UKnowledge Theses and Dissertations--Early Childhood, Special Early Childhood, Special Education, and Education, and Rehabilitation Counseling Rehabilitation Counseling 2018 USING GRADUATED GUIDANCE TO TEACH IMITATION OF MANUAL SIGNS TO CHILDREN WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES Jacqueline N. Horsman Click here to let us know how access to this document benefits oy u. STUDENT AGREEMENT: I represent that my thesis or dissertation and abstract are my original work. Proper attribution has been given to all outside sources. I understand that I am solely responsible for obtaining any needed copyright permissions. I have obtained needed written permission statement(s) from the owner(s) of each third- party copyrighted matter to be included in my work, allowing electronic distribution (if such use is not permitted by the fair use doctrine) which will be submitted to UKnowledge as Additional File. I hereby grant to The nivU ersity of Kentucky and its agents the irrevocable, non-exclusive, and royalty- free license to archive and make accessible my work in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I agree that the document mentioned above may be made available immediately for worldwide access unless an embargo applies. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of my work. I understand that I am free to register the copyright to my work. REVIEW, APPROVAL AND ACCEPTANCE The document mentioned above has been reviewed and accepted by the student’s advisor, on behalf of the advisory committee, and by the Director of Graduate Studies (DGS), on behalf of the program; we verify that this is the final, approved version of the student’s thesis including all changes required by the advisory committee. The undersigned agree to abide by the statements above. Jacqueline N. Horsman, Student Dr. Justin D. Lane, Major Professor Dr. Melinda Ault, Director of Graduate Studies USING GRADUATED GUIDANCE TO TEACH IMITATION OF MANUAL SIGNS TO CHILDREN WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES ________________________________________________ THESIS ________________________________________________ A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Education in the College of Education at the University of Kentucky By Jacqueline Horsman Lexington, Kentucky Director: Dr. Justin D. Lane, Professor of Special Education Lexington, Kentucky 2018 Copyright© Jacqueline Horsman 2018 ABSTRACT OF THESIS USING GRADUATED GUIDANCE TO TEACH IMITATION OF MANUAL SIGNS TO CHILDREN WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES The purpose of this study was to test the effects of graduated guidance procedure on teaching imitation of manual signs to students with moderate to severe disabilities. Sessions began with student initiation and were embedded across already established reinforcement routines across the student’s day. A multiple baseline across participants design was used to evaluate these effects. KEYWORDS: Moderate and severe disabilities, imitation, graduated guidance, sign language, student initiated Jacqueline Horsman April 13, 2018 USING GRADUATED GUIDANCE TO TEACH IMITATION OF MANUAL SIGNS TO CHILDREN WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES By Jacqueline Horsman Dr. Justin D. Lane Director of Thesis Dr. Melinda Ault Director of Graduate Studies April 13, 2018 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................... v Section 1: Introduction .........................................................................................................1 Section 2: Research Question ..............................................................................................6 Section 3: Methods ..............................................................................................................7 Participants ...................................................................................................................... 7 Students. ..................................................................................................................... 7 Investigator ................................................................................................................ 9 Instructional Assistant……………………………………………………….……....9 Instructional Setting and Arrangement ........................................................................... 9 Materials/Equipment ..................................................................................................... 10 Dependent Variable and Recording System ................................................................. 11 General Procedures ....................................................................................................... 13 Procedures……………………………………………………………………….……….13 Probe Procedures ..................................................................................................... 13 Graduated Guidance. ............................................................................................... 14 Generalization. ......................................................................................................... 15 Maintenance……………………………………………………………….……….16 Experimental Design ..................................................................................................... 16 Reliability ...................................................................................................................... 18 Dependent variable reliability. ................................................................................. 18 Independent variable reliability. .............................................................................. 18 Results……………………………………………………………………………………19 Reliability………………………………………………………………………...21 Production of Manual Signs……………………………………………...………21 Generalization……………………………………………………………..……..24 Discussion…………………………………………………………………………..……25 Limitations………………………………………………………………………….……25 iii Implications………………………………………………………………...…………….26 Future Research………………………………………………………….………………27 Appendix A: Reinforcement Items....................................................................................3 0 Appendix B: Sign Language Motions................................................................................31 Appendix C: Data Sheet-Baseline .....................................................................................32 Appendix D: Data Sheet-Intervention ...............................................................................33 Appendix E: Reliability Data Sheet-Baseline ....................................................................34