International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 01 | Jan 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 Remotely Control Lawn Mower using Solar System Mamta A. Shapamohan1, Kalpana V. Tale2, Kiran A. Shende3, U. S. Raut4 1,2,3Student, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, DES’S COET, Dhamangaon Rly 4Professor, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, DES’S COET, Dhamangaon Rly ----------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - The solar lawn mower is a fully automated grass simple depends upon motor speed also non skilled person cutting robotic vehicle powered by solar energy that also can easily operate this cutter. Along with the various ages of avoids obstacles and is capable of fully automated grass users, this lawn mower can also be used people who have cutting without the need of any human intervention. The disabilities and are unable to use a regular push, or riding system uses 12v batteries to power the vehicle movement lawn mower. It will also be automatic and will run on a motors as well as the grass cutter motor. We use a solar panel charged battery with no cords to interfere with operation. to charge the battery. The grass cutter and Vehicle motors are This cordless electric lawn mower includes remote control interfaced to an Arduino Nano that controls the working of all capability which is less expensive than a robotic lawn mower the motors. It is also used to interface an ultrasonic sensor for with sensor capability. This robot lawn mower design is safe object detection. The SoC moves the bot in the forward to use. With its remote control capability the lawn mower direction in case no obstacle is detected. On obstacle detection; stays within the boundaries of the lawn because the user is the ultrasonic sensor monitors it and the SoC thus stops the able to have fun control over the lawn mower with the grass cutter motor to avoid any damage to the controller. It is also environment friendly. There is no need object/human/animal whatever it is. In order to detect the for gas, oil, and engine to use by this device because it is boundaries the bot uses Light dependent resistors (LDR) on a electric powered. right angle to trigger start event. The detection of the laser on the other side triggers the bot to stop and turn a right angle Lawn maintenance and landscaping remain one of clockwise and move to next row. the most important constraints from keeping a clean and fresh looking gardens and yards. Man is constantly trying to Key Words: Arduino Nano, LDR, ultrasonic sensor, L293D9 adapt to his environment/surrounding by creating a habitat motor driver. suitable for his survival. Lawn mowers employing a single blade that rotates about a single vertical axis are known as 1. INTRODUCTION rotary mowers, while those employing a multiple blade assembly that rotates about a single horizontal axis are The first lawn mower was made by Edwin budding known as cylinder or reel mowers. in 1830. While operating this type of lawn mower the task was somewhat difficult and laborious. Then modified grass There are several types of mowers, each suited to a cutter was available in market which runs on electrical particular scale and purpose. The smallest type is pushed by energy. These types of grass cutters have some drawbacks. a human user and is suitable for small residential lawns and To overcome all the problems remote controlled solar power gardens. Electrical powered or fossil-engine mowers are lawn mower is used. It consists of three dc motors, solar used for larger residential lawns. Riding mowers, which panel for charging purpose. One DC motor is placed resembles small tractors, are larger than push mowers and vertically and one blade is attached to the motor to cut the are suitable for large lawns. A transition from hand-guided grass very properly. Remaining four motors are provided to or ride-on mowers to automatic electric or solar mowers is the four wheels of the grass cutter which rotate though 360 beginning to take place, with the growth in robotic lawn degree. The storage battery is used to store the energy which mower. is received from solar plate. The stored energy will used for to operate the five motors. In case if solar energy is Nowadays, lawn mowers are useful pieces of unavailable then to provide alternative circuit for charging machinery that employ a revolving blade to cut a lawn at a the battery. Also there is a Bluetooth transmitter and smooth, even length. It includes push lawn mowers, which receiver. By using remote the lawn mower move forward, are suitable for smaller lawns, and the ride-on mowers, backward also it take turn. It is beneficial to save energy and which are capable to cut grass in larger lawns. Mowing the reduce human efforts which will provide proper operation of lawn with a standard motor powered lawn mower is an lawn cutting. inconvenience, and no one takes pleasure in it. Cutting grass cannot be easily accomplished by elderly, younger, or It is having so many advantages like it is having low disabled people. Motor powered push lawn mowers and maintenance and ease to human, electrical charging is also riding lawn mowers create noise pollution due to the loud available if required, it is easy to move from one place to engine, and local air pollution due to the combustion in the another place for grass cutting, Operating principle is very engine. Also, a motor powered engine requires periodic © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 206 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 01 | Jan 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 maintenance such as changing the engine oil. Along with similar radio frequency currents in it. The radio receiver motor powered lawn mowers, electric lawn mowers are also extracts the information from the received waves. hazardous and cannot be easily used by all. Also, if the electric lawn mower is corded, mowing could prove to be problematic and dangerous. The self-propelling electric remote control lawn mower is a lawn mower that has remote control capability. It is robotic user friendly, cost efficient, safe to use, efficient to use, and environment friendly. It can save significantly on labor cost. Along with the various ages of users, this lawn mower can also be used by people who have disabilities and are unable to use a regular push, or riding lawn mower. It will also be automatic and will run on a charged battery with no cords to interfere with operation. 2. BLOCK DIAGRAM Fig. 2.1 (a): Block diagram of Transmitter A radio transmitter has several functions and one final objective. Briefly, the functions are to generate an RF carrier wave; to amplify the carrier wave; to modulate the carrier wave with a sound wave, digital signal, or some other form of information; to amplify the modulated signal, to couple the modulated signal to an antenna; and to radiate the signal into the atmosphere. All these functions except the last are performed by circuits within the transmitter system so that the final objective is accomplished. There are four keys in the remote for controlling the lawn cutter. The operations of the keys are: 1) Forward 2) Reverse Fig. 2.1: Block Diagram of Remotely Control Lawn Mower 3) Left turn Using Solar System 4) Right turn 5) Lawn cutter The complete block diagram of remotely control lawn mower is divided into various blocks which is shown in In radio communications, a radio receiver is an electronic fig. 2.1. It consist of RF module, microcontroller, relay, solar device that receives radio waves and converts the plate, motor driver, DC motor and battery which are information carried by them to a usable form. It is used with described as follow: an antenna. The antenna intercepts radio waves (electromagnetic waves) and converts to tiny alternating a) Transmitter currents which are applied to the receiver, and the receiver extracts the desired information. The receiver uses A radio transmitter is an electronic circuit which electronic filters to separate the desired radio frequency transforms electric power from a power source into a radio signal from all the other signals picked up by the antenna, an frequency alternating current to apply to the antenna and electronic amplifier to increase the power of the signal for the antenna radiates the energy from this current as radio further processing, and finally recovers the desired waves fig. 2.1 (a) . The transmitter also impresses information through demodulation. The information information such as an audio or video signal onto the radio produced by the receiver may be in the form of sound, frequency current to be carried by the radio waves. When moving images (television), or data which is shown in fig. 2.1 they strike the antenna of a radio receiver, the waves excite (b). A radio receiver may be a separate piece of electronic equipment, or an electronic circuit within another device. © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 207 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 01 | Jan 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 HT12E HT12E starts working with a low signal on the TE pin. After receiving a low signal the HT12E start the transmission of 4 data bits as shown in the timing diagram above and the output cycle will repeats based on the status of the TE pin in the IC.