CEDR Transnational Road Research Programme Call 2012: Noise Funded by Norway, Sweden, Germany, Belgium/Flanders, United Kingdom and Ireland ON-AIR Investigation of noise planning procedures and tools Deliverable No D2.1 April 2015 Danish Road Directorate – DRD Institute of Transport Economics – TOI LÄRMKONTOR – LK CEDR Call 2012: Noise CEDR Call 2012: Noise CEDR Call 2012: Noise ON-AIR Optimised Noise Assessment and Management Guidance for National Roads Investigation of noise planning procedures and tools Due date of deliverable: 04.30.2015 Actual submission date: 10.02.2015 Start date of project: 11.01.2013 End date of project: 10.31.2015 Authors of this deliverable : Hans Bendtsen, DRD, Denmark Jakob Fryd, DRD, Denmark Christian Popp, LK, Germany Sebastian Eggers, LK, Germany Jovana Dilas, LK, Germany Anders Tønnesen, TOI, Norway Ronny Klæboe, TOI, Norway Version: final, 2.2015 CEDR Call 2012: Noise Table of contents Executive summary ................................................................................................................. i 1 Preface ........................................................................................................................... 1 2 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 2 3 How noise is handled in NRA planning today ................................................................. 5 3.1 Planning of new roads and Environmental Impact Assessment ................................ 10 3.1.1 Extended examples, Ireland and Denmark ..................................................... 12 3.2 Road enlargement and redevelopment projects .................................................... 14 3.2.1 Extended example, Denmark ......................................................................... 16 3.3 Planning and handling of noise in the construction phase .......................................... 17 3.4 Day-to-day maintenance of road infrastructure .......................................................... 20 3.4.1 Extended example, Norway ................................................................................. 20 3.5 Cooperation between NRAs and levels of government .............................................. 21 3.5.1 Extended examples, Belgium and Switzerland .................................................... 22 3.6 Communication and public participation ..................................................................... 22 4 Noise action plans developed in relation to the END .................................................... 26 4.1 Noise mapping in relation to the European noise directive .................................... 30 4.2 Public participation process of noise mapping ....................................................... 30 4.3 Noise action planning in relation to the European noise directive .......................... 31 4.4 Public participation in the process of noise action planning ................................... 32 4.5 General experiences ............................................................................................. 33 5 Noise abatement measures .......................................................................................... 35 5.1 Noise barriers ........................................................................................................ 36 5.2 Facade insulation .................................................................................................. 38 5.3 Noise-reducing asphalt .......................................................................................... 39 6 Methods to evaluate noise exposure and noise abatement .......................................... 41 6.1 Noise limit values .................................................................................................. 41 6.2 Analysis of people affected.................................................................................... 41 6.3 Analysis of noise impact and noise annoyance ..................................................... 41 6.3.1 Methods mentioned in the interviews ............................................................. 41 6.3.2 Additional methods used ................................................................................ 43 6.3.3 Comparison .................................................................................................... 43 6.4 Hotspot identification ............................................................................................. 44 7 Economic assessment of noise .................................................................................... 47 7.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 47 7.2 Cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit analyses ........................................................ 48 7.3 Cost-effectiveness analyses .................................................................................. 49 7.4 Cost-benefit analysis ............................................................................................. 50 7.5 Revealed and stated preference studies ............................................................... 51 7.6 Noise control and soundscape approaches ........................................................... 52 7.7 Valuations of noise benefits ................................................................................... 53 8 Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................... 57 9 References ................................................................................................................... 58 Annex A: Questionnaire used for national experts .............................................................. 61 Annex B: ON-AIR Future Workshop ................................................................................... 64 Annex C: Economic assessment in the United Kingdom, Sweden, and Denmark................ 72 CEDR Call 2012: Noise CEDR Call 2012: Noise Executive summary The ON-AIR project “Optimised Noise Assessment and Management Guidance for National Roads” was launched in November 2013 and will have a duration of two years. The objective of the project is to develop tools and guidelines which can facilitate the integration of noise abatement into planning and management situations in national road administrations. This report comprises a review describing how noise is handled in the planning procedures of selected NRAs in Europe today. The purpose of this report is to conduct a European investigation into the various noise planning procedures and tools currently in use in different CEDR countries. The objective is to provide a series of good and interesting planning procedures, tools and practical implementation practices. This information will be the foundation for the development of a guidance book on integration of noise in road planning and management in the second part of the project. Noise planning and management experts from selected European countries have been interviewed. The results of these interviews on how noise is integrated in the following areas are presented in the report: 1. Planning of new roads and Environmental Impact Assessment (of alternative solutions) 2. Road enlargement/redevelopment projects 3. Detailed planning of road construction 4. Day-to-day maintenance of road infrastructure 5. Planning and handling of noise in the construction phase 6. Cooperation and efficient handling of noise issues between national road administrations and regional as well as local authorities 7. Communication with the public and public participation in the planning and decision- making In order to include more information relevant literature has been investigated as part of the development of this status report. On the basis of a literature survey a short analysis of noise action plans developed in relation to the European Noise Directive has been performed. An short inventory of noise abatement measures and their estimated effect based on literature is included. Different methods for evaluating and quantifying noise and noise abatement are presented together with methods for including noise in cost-benefit and cost- effectiveness methods. Illustrative examples are also included. (i) CEDR Call 2012: Noise 1 Preface The ON-AIR project “Optimised Noise Assessment and Management Guidance for National Roads” was launched in November 2013 and will have a duration of two years. The objective of the project is to develop tools and guidelines which can facilitate the integration of noise abatement into the three most common planning and management situations of national road administrations (hereafter NRAs): 1. Planning of new roads and motorways 2. Planning of reconstruction and enlargement of existing roads and motorways 3. Maintenance and management of existing roads and motorways The guidelines will be presented in a guidance book that will be published at the end of the project. The ON-AIR project is carried out for the Conference of European Directors of Roads (hereafter CEDR). The project was selected by the CEDR on the basis of the CEDR Call 2012: Noise. The title of the noise call was “Noise integration into the planning of new national road schemes and upgrade of existing roads”. The ON-AIR project addresses Project 1 of this call titled “Optimisation of noise assessment and management strategies”. Wolfram Bartolomaeus from the Federal