DOCUMENT RESUME ED 294 967 UD 026 195 AUTHOR Sutton, Constance R., Ed.; Chaney,Elsa M., Ed. TITLE Caribbean Life in New York City:Sociocultural Dimensions. INSTITUTION Center for Migration Studies, Inc.,Staten Island, N.Y. REPORT NO ISBN-0-913256-92-7 PUB DATE 87 NOTE 383p.; Photographs will not reproduceclearly. AVAILABLE FROMCenter for Migration Studies, 209 FlaggPlace, Staten Island, New York 10304-1148 ($12.95 paper--ISBN-0-913256-92-7; $17.50 hardcover--ISBN-0-913256-88-9; $3.00 shippingand handling). PUB TYPE Collected Works General (020) -- Reports Research /Technical (143)-- Information Analyses (070) EDRS PRICE MF01 Plus Postage. PC Not Availablefrom EDRS. DESCRIPTORS *Acculturation; Child Rearing; *CrossCultural Studies; 2ultural Background; CulturalDifferences; Cultural Pluralism; *Cultural Traits;Dominicans; Ethnicity; Foreign Nationals; Haitians;Hispanic Americans; *Migrants; Puerto Ricans;Racial Identification; Social ScienceResearch; *Social Support Groups; Urban Demography IDENTIFIERS *Caribbean Americans; *New York (New York);West Indians ABSTRACT This book comprises the followingpapers discussing Caribbean life in New York City: (1) TheContext of Caribbean Migration (rasa M. Chaney); (2) The Caribbeanizationof New York City and the Emergence of a Transnational Socio-CulturalSystem (Constance R. Sutton); (3) New York City and Its People:An Historical Perspective Up to World War II (David M. Reimers);(4) New York City and the New Caribbean Immigration: A ContextualStatement (Roy Simon Bryce-Laporte); (5) Where Caribbean Peoples Livein New York City (Dennis Conway and Ualthan Bigby); (6) Black ImmigrantWomen in "Brown Girl, Brownstones" (Paula Marshall); (7)Migration and West Indian Racial and Ethnic Consciousness (ConstanceR. Sutton and Susan Makiesky-Barrow); (8) West Indians in New York Cityand London: A Comparative Analysis (Nancy Foner); (9) West IndianChild Fostering: Its Role in Migrant Exchanges (Isa Maria Solo); (1n)Garifuna Settlement in New York: A New Frontier (NancieL. Gonzalez); (11) The Politics of Caribbeanization: Vincentians andGrenadians in New York (Linda 5. Basch); (12) All in the SameBoat? Unity and Diversity in Haitian Organizing in New York flina Glick-Schiller,Josh DeWind, Marie Lucie Brutus, Carolle Charles,Georges Fouron, and Antoine Thomas); (13) Language and Identity: Haitiansin New York City (Susan Buchanan Stafford); (14) Puerto RicanLanguage and Culture in New York City (Juan Flores, John Attinasi,and Pedro Pedraza, Jr.); (15) Dominican Family Networks and UnitedStates Immigration Policy: A Case Study (Vivian Garrison and Carol I. Weiss); (16)The Linkage between the Household and Workplace of DominicanWomen in the U.S. (Patricia R. PesF,ar); (17) Formal andInformal Associations: Dominicans and Columbians in New York (SaskiaSassen-Koob); (18) A Comment on Dominican Ethnic Associations (Eugenia Georges);(19) Response to Comment (Saskia Sassen-Koob); (20) Afro-Caribbean Religions in New York City: The Case of Santeria(Steven Gregory); and (21) The Puerto Rican Parade andWest Indian Carnival: Public Celebrations in New York City (Philip Kasinitzand Judith Freidenberg-Herbstein). Photographs, informationabout the contributors, and an index are included. (BJV) Caribbean Life in New York City: Sociocultural Dimensions Caribbean Life in New York City: Sociocultural Dimensions Edited by Constance R. Sutton and Elsa M. Chaney 1987 Center for Migration Studies of New York, Inc 4 The Center for Migration Studies is an educationalnon- profit institute founded in New Yoh':in 1964 to encourage and facilitate the study of sociodemographic,economic, political, historical, legislative and pastoralaspects of human migration and refugee movements The opinions expressed in this work are those of the authors CAR1 lEAN LIFE IN NEW YORK CITY: ..:10CULTURAL DIMENSIONS First Edition Copyright © 1987 by The Center for Migration Studies of New 'fork, Inc 209 Flagg Place Staten Island, New Ycrk 10304-1148 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Caribbean Life in New York City Sociocultural Dimensions Bibliography p Includes index 1 Caribbean Americans New York (N Y)Social conditions 2 New York (N Y)Social conditions 3 New York (N.Y)Social life and customs I Sutton, Constance R II. Chaney, Elsa F128 9 C27C37 1986 305 8'68729'0747185-47915 ISBN 0. 913256-88-9 (Hardcover) ISBN 0.913256-92-7 (Paperback) 5 The Editors dedicate this book to SAMUEL SUTTON (1921 - 1986) 'all o' we is one" 6 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The concept for the issue of the INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION REVIEW (Volume 13, No. 2; that provides 6 of the 20 articles in this collection, emerged from several papers presented at a panel on Afro-Caribbean and Hispanic migration to the United States, organized by Chaney and Sutton at the joint meetings of the Latin American Studies Association and the African Studies Association in Houston in 1977. 7 he co-editors wish to express their gratitude to the original contributors, who reex- amined and, in some cases, updated their original work. We owe a special debt to the new contributors, many ofwhom wrote their articles specifically for this volume (Basch; Georges; Glick-Schiller, et al., Gregory; Kasinitz and Freidenberg-Herbstein,Reimers, and Soto). We want to thank the following for permission to use material that appeared, sometimes in longer form, elsewhere: the Conference of Latin Americanist Geographers (CLAG) for the article by Conway and Bigby from CONTEWPORARY ISSUES IN LATIN AMERICAN GEOGRAPHY, B. Zentrek, editor (Muncie, Indiana: CLAG, Ball State University, 1983); Roy S. Bryce-Laporte for Marshall's article from FEMALE IMMIGRANTS TO THE UNITED STATES: CARIBBEAN, LATIN AMERICAN, AND AFRICAN EXPERIENCES, Delores M. Mortimer and Roy Bryce-Laporte, editors (Washington, D.C.: Research Institute on Immigration and Ethnic Studies, The Smithsonian Institution, 1981), Mouton Publishers for a version of Sutton and Mak'esky- Barrow's contribution, which appeared originally in the volume MIGRATIOI'l AND DEVELOPMENT. IMPLICATIONS FOR ETHNIC IDENTITY AND POLITICAL CONFLICT, Helen I. Sa fa and Brian M. du Toit, editors (The Hague. Mouton, 1975); DAEDULUS, for an adaptation of an article by Flores, Attinasi, and Pedraza that appeared in Volume 110, No. 2 (Spring, 1981), and to Aaron L. Segal and Linda Marston for permission to use the map on page 6. Finally, acknowledgment is made to the Ford Foundation's Caribbean Migration Program which funded the travelling expenses of the Caribbean participants to the original panel in Houston, and to LASA for a seed grant for planning the original panel. Most of the grant was used for an annotated "state-of-the-art" bibliography by Christine Davidson and Hubert Charles that appeared in CARIBBEAN IMMIGRATION TO THE UNITED S7 ATES, Roy S. Bryce-Laporte and Delores M. Mortimer, editors (Washington, D.C.. Research Institute on Immigration and Ethnic Studies, The Smithsonian Institution, 1976, RILES Occasional Papers No. 1). We also thank the Faculty of Arts and Science of New York University for a grant to assist in preparing this book for publication. 7 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS vii INTRODUCTION 1 THE CONTEXT OF CARIBBEAN MIGRATION Elsa M. Chaney 3 THE CARIBBEANIZATION OF NEW YORK CITY AND THE EMERGENCE OF A TRANSNATIONAL SOCIO-CULTURAL SYSTEM Constance R. Sutton 15 NEW YORK CITY AND ITS PEOPLE: An Historical Perspective up to World War II David M. Reimers 31 NEW YORK CITY AND THE NEW CARIBBEAN IMMIGRATION: A Contextual Statement Roy Sirr1 Bryce-Laporte 54 WHERE CARIBBEAN PEOPLES LIVE IN NEW YORK CITY Dennis Conway and Ualthan Bigby 74 CASE STUDIES Afro-Caribbean 85 BLACK IMMIGRANT WOMEN IN BROWN GIRL, BROWNSTONaz Pau le Marshall 87 MIGRATION AND WEST INDIAN RACIAL AND ETHNIC CONSCIOUSNESS Cons once R. Sutton and Susan Makiesky-Barrow 92 WEST INDIANS IN NEW YORK CITY AND LONDON- A Comparative Analysis Nancy Foner 117 WEST INDIAN CHILD FOSTERING. Its Role in Migrant Exchanges Isa Maria Soto 131 GARIFUNA SETTLEMENT IN NEW YORK: A New Frontier Nancie L. Gonzalez X CARIBBEAN LIFE IN NEW vORK CITY THE POLITICS OF CARIBBEANIZATION: Vincentians and Grenadians in New York Linda G. Basch 160 ALL IN THE SAME BOAT? Unity and Diversity in Haitian Grganizing i.. New York Nina Glick-Schiller, Josh DeWind, Marie Lucie Brutus, Carolle Charles, Georges Fouron and Antoine Thomas 182 LANGUAGE AND IDENTITY: Haitians in New York City Susan Buchanan Stafford 202 Hispanic Caribbean 219 PUERTO RICAN LANGUAGE AND CULTURE IN NEW YORK CITY Juan Flores, John Attinasi, and Pedro Pedraza, Jr. 22 I DOMINICAN FAMILY NETWORKS AND UNITED STATES IMMIGRATION POLICY: A Case Study Vivian Garrison and Carol I Weiss 235 THE LINKAGE BETWEEN THE HOUSEHOLD AND WORKPLACE OF DOMINICAN WOMEN IN THE U.S. Patricia I?. Pessar 255 FORMAL AND INFORMAL ASSOCIATIONS: Dominicans and Colombians in New York Saskia Sassen-Koob 278 A COMMENT ON DOMINICAN ETHNIC ASSOCIATIONS Eugenia Georges 297 RESPONSE TO COMMENT Saskia Sassen-Koob 303 AFRO-CARIBBEAN RELIGIONS IN NEW YORK CITY: The Case of Santen'a Steven Gregory 307 An Hispanic/Afro-Caribbean Comparison 325 THE PUERTO RICAN PARADE AND WEST INDIAN CARNIVAL: Public Celebrations in New York City Philip Kasinitz and Judith Freidenberg-Herbstein 327 PHOTOGRAPHS 351 ABOUT THE CONTRIBUTORS 361 INDEX 369 9 INTRODUCTION THE CONTEXT OF CARIBBEAN MIGRATION ELSA M. CHANEY, Georgetown University Caribbean life in New York City is the product of the continuous circular movements of people, cash, material goods, culture and lifestyles, and ideas to ana from New York City and the