‘STUDY OF CONCEPT OF ‘PRANA’ IN AYURVED & PHYSIOLOGICAL INTERRELATIONSHIP OF ‘HRUDAYA’, ‘MAHASROTAS’ & ‘PRANA’, WITH RETROSPECTIVE SURVEY STUDY IN CORONARY HEART DISEASE.’ A THESIS SUBMITTED TO BHARATI VIDYAPEETH DEEMED UNIVERSITY, PUNE FOR THE AWARD OF DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN KRIYA SHARIR UNDER THE FACULTY OF AYURVED SUBMITTED BY VD. PRASAD DILIP PANDKAR M.D. (KRIYA SHARIR) UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF PROF. DR. SARITA SUNIL BHUTADA M.D., Ph.D. (KRIYA SHARIR) RESEARCH CENTRE BHARATI VIDYAPEETH DEEMED UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF AYURVED, PUNE- 411043. OCTOBER 2017 PH.D. THESIS VD. PRASAD DILIP PANDKAR DILIP PRASAD VD. OCTOBER 2017 ‘STUDY OF CONCEPT OF ‘PRANA’ IN AYURVED & PHYSIOLOGICAL INTERRELATIONSHIP OF ‘HRUDAYA’, ‘MAHASROTAS’ & ‘PRANA’, WITH RETROSPECTIVE SURVEY STUDY IN CORONARY HEART DISEASE.’ A THESIS SUBMITTED TO BHARATI VIDYAPEETH DEEMED UNIVERSITY, PUNE FOR THE AWARD OF DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN KRIYA SHARIR UNDER THE FACULTY OF AYURVED SUBMITTED BY VD. PRASAD DILIP PANDKAR M.D. (KRIYA SHARIR) UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF PROF. DR. SARITA SUNIL BHUTADA M.D., Ph.D. (KRIYA SHARIR) RESEARCH CENTRE BHARATI VIDYAPEETH DEEMED UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF AYURVED, PUNE- 411043. OCTOBER 2017 MçbKçb ®ç¬çbÀ pçuççÌkçÀçb oOçocç=lçIçìb ®çç©oçíçÆYç&½çlçáçÆYç&:~ mçÓ#cçmJç®sççÆlçË ÐççbMçákçÀHççÆjçÆJçuçmçvcççÌçÆuçcçbYççípçvçí$çcçd~~ kçÀçuççcYççíoçíppJçuççbiçb kçÀçÆìlçìçÆJçuçmç®®çç©HççÇlççbyçjç{d³çcç~ Jçvoí OçvJçblççÆjb lçb çÆvççÆKçuçiçoJçvçÒççÌ{oçJçççqivçuççÇuçcçd~~ CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the work incorporated in the thesis entitled “Study of concept of „Prana‟ in Ayurved & Physiological interrelationship of „Hrudaya‟, „Mahasrotas‟ & „Prana‟, with Retrospective Survey Study in Coronary Heart Disease” for the degree of ‘Doctor of Philosophy’ in the subject of Kriya Sharir under the faculty of Ayurved has been carried out by Vd. Prasad Dilip Pandkar in the Department of Kriya Sharir, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, College of Ayurved, Pune during the period from September 2012 to October 2017 under the guidance of Prof. Dr. Sarita Sunil Bhutada. Place: Pune Prof. Dr. Abhijit B. Patil Date: / /2017 B.A.M.S., D.T.F.M., Ph.D Principal & Dean Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University College of Ayurved, Pune-43 CERTIFICATION OF GUIDE This is to certify that the work incorporated in the thesis entitled “Study of concept of „Prana‟ in Ayurved & Physiological interrelationship of „Hrudaya‟, „Mahasrotas‟ & „Prana‟, with Retrospective Survey Study in Coronary Heart Disease” submitted by Vd. Prasad Dilip Pandkar for the degree of „Doctor of Philosophy‟(Ph.D.) in the subject of Kriya Sharir under the faculty of Ayurved has been carried out in the Department of Kriya Sharir, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Ayurved, Pune during the period from September 2012 to October 2017 under my direct supervision/ guidance. Place: Pune Prof. Dr. Sarita Sunil Bhutada Date: / /2017 Head of Department, Kriya Sharir, GJ Patel Institute of Ayurvedic studies & Research, Anand, Gujrat DECLARATION BY THE CANDIDATE I hereby declare that the thesis entitled “Study of concept of „Prana‟ in Ayurved & Physiological interrelationship of „Hrudaya‟, „Mahasrotas‟ & „Prana‟, with Retrospective Survey Study in Coronary Heart Disease” submitted by me to the Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Kriya Sharir under the Faculty of Ayurved is original piece of work carried out by me under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Sarita Sunil Bhutada. I further declare that it has not been submitted to this or any other University or Institution for the award of any degree or Diploma. I also confirm that all the material which I have borrowed from other sources and incorporated in this thesis is duly acknowledged. If any material is not duly acknowledged and found incorporated in this thesis, it is entirely my responsibility. I am fully aware of the implications of any such act which might have been committed by me advertently or inadvertently. Place: Pune Vd. Prasad Dilip Pandkar Date: / /2017 M.D. (Kriya Sharir) Research Scholar ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I have a great pleasure while keeping this research work in front of reputed personalities in the research. I take this opportunity as a deep sense of gratitude to those people and institution that helped me during this research work. While going through all those stages of this massive work I had a humble feeling that I am a just a tool at the hands of the almighty Bhagwan, without his mercy nothing was possible for me. I offer my surrender to Bhagvan Dhanvantari, my sadguru Paramapujya Shree Madhavnath Maharaj and Sadguru Shree Rukmangada Swami the great vaishnava & vaidya. I am very grateful to Hon. Dr. Patangrao Kadam, Founder and Chancellor, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University for giving me a chance to work in this college and for his encouragement and interest in research. I express deep sense of gratitude and cordial thanks to Hon. Dr. Shivajirao Kadam, Pro Chancellor, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, for permission for pursuing PhD and motivation. I express sense of gratitude and offer cordial thanks to Hon. Dr. Manikrao Salunkhe, Vice Chancellor, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University. I express my sincere thanks and deep sense of gratitude to Hon. Dr. Viswajeet Kadam, Secretary, Bharati Vidyapeeth, Pune. I have deep sense of gratitude for my guide Dr. Mrs. Sarita Sunil Bhutada, for her incessant encouragement, support and coherent guidance; without which I could not have completed my research. Her valuable direction, precious suggestions, timely discussions, constant i supervision, continuous support, patience, motivation and immense knowledge helped me a lot throughout the research work. She has been a true friend, philosopher & guide for me. Her advice on both research as well as on my career have been priceless. I am presenting this dissertation with a deep sincere feeling of gratitude to the respected Principal & Dean Prof. Dr. Abhijit Patil for his encouragement and cooperation in this work. I am very much thankful to Dr. Asmia Wele, Ex-Dean, Faculty of Ayurved, BVDU, Pune. Her update knowledge in the research methodology gave me great boost during my work. I am very thankful to Vice - Principals Dr. V. V. Bhalsing and Dr. S. M. Vedpathak for their extended support in this work. I am very thankful to Dr. Manasi Deshpande, Ex- Dean, Faculty of Ayurved, BVDU, Pune & Academic in-charge, PhD section, BVDU, College of Ayurved, Pune for her unlimited support in this work. I owed my gratitude to head of department Dr. Mrs. Kavita Indapurkar & my colleagues Dr. Manisha Bhalsing & Dr. Manisha Tate for providing esteem cooperation and constant inspiration and encouragement and also helpful nature during research work. I offer obligation to Dr. Sachin Kulkarni, Dr. Savita Nilakhe & Dr. Sarita Kapgate for all the help and moral support. I am also thankful to all faculty & all Staff, department of Cardiology & Cath Lab, Bharati Hospital, Pune, for their kind cooperation in providing patients for interviewing. I am also thankful to all practitioner friends who provided patients. ii I am very thankful to my friends Vd. Girish Shirke, Vd. Santosh Deshmukh, Vd. Sai Potdar for all their brilliant remarks and suggestions not only about thesis but on everything during my journey of understanding of ayurveda. I am very thankful to Prof. Dr. Kalpana Sathe, Dr. Manasi Nimbalkar for their insightful comments and encouragement and for widen my research from various perspectives. I take this opportunity to express gratefulness to Dr. V. V. Doiphode, Dr. Yashashree Joshi, Dr. Sanjay Pandit, Dr. Madhuri Pawar, Dr. Madhuri Bhide, Vd. Vivek Gokhale, Dr. Supriya Bhalerao, Late Vd. Vilas Nanal Sir for their constant encouragement & guidance. I also take this opportunity to thank Prof. Dr. Sunil Bhutada for his timely supports & motivations. I am at fall of words while taking this opportunity to express my gratitude to my Guruji Vd. Samir Jamadagni. I am very much thankful to all the patients who have participated in this study for sharing their personal information. I must express my sense of gratitude to all the preceding scholars in the related research area, whose research work helped me as a guideline. I am also thankful to Mr. Salunkhe and all library staff BVDU, COA, Pune for their extended support. This acknowledgement would be incomplete without expressing profound gratitude which cannot be stated in words towards my father & mother Mr. Dilip Pandkar & Alka Pandkar for the efforts they have taken for my education, for the support, & encouragement. I have no words to express my feelings to my better half Preshita Pandkar. She has taken lots of pain and scarified her priceless time span of long - long six years iii during my research work. She has constantly encouraged me for the completion of work. Her initiation and support made me complete this work. Vd. Prasad Dilip Pandkar iv KEYS FOR ABBREVIATIONS: cÉ.xÉÇ. cÉUMü xÉÇÌWûiÉÉ Cha. Charaka Samhita xÉÑ. xÉÇ. xÉÑ´ÉÑiÉ xÉÇÌWûiÉÉ Su. Sushruta Samhita A. xÉÇ. A¹ÉÇaÉ xÉÇaÉëWû Ah. Sa. Ashtanga Sangraha A. ¾û. A¹ÉÇaÉ=.SrÉ Ah. H. Ashtanga Hrudaya zÉÉ. xÉÇ. zÉÉ…¡ïéûkÉU xÉÇÌWûiÉÉ Sha. Sharangdhar Samhita pÉÉ. mÉë. pÉÉuÉmÉëMüÉzÉ Bha. Bhavaprakasha qÉÉ. ÌlÉ. qÉÉkÉuÉ ÌlÉSÉlÉ Ma. Ni. Madhava Nidana pÉå. xÉÇ. pÉåsÉ xÉÇÌWûiÉÉ Bhe. Bhela Samhita Ka. Kashyapa Samhita R.V. Ŗgveda A. V. Atharvaveda xÉÔ. xÉÔ§ÉxjÉÉlÉ Su. Sutrasthana ÌlÉ. ÌlÉSÉlÉxjÉÉlÉ Ni. Nidanasthana ÌuÉ. ÌuÉqÉÉlÉxjÉÉlÉ Vi. Vimanasthana zÉÉ. zÉÉUÏUxjÉÉlÉ Sha. Sharirasthana ÍcÉ. ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉxjÉÉlÉ Chi. Cikitsasthana