Higher Education Engagement KNOW in Economic Development: Foundations for Strategy and Practice • MEASURE • TELL • ENGAGE AUGUST 2015 Foundations for Strategy and Practice A ECONOMIC ENGAGEMENT FRAMEWORK Acknowledgements Many individuals and organizations Lindsay Emery, The CEDI Society Gary Ostrander, Florida State University have contributed to the work described Tim Faley, University of the Virgin Sethuraman “Panch” Panchanathan, in this publication. APLU and UEDA Islands Arizona State University are grateful for and wish to recognize David Gard, Indiana University Carol Parker, University of New Mexico the contributions of the following. Birgit Green, Texas Tech University Mary Frances Postupack, East University of California- Stroudsburg University Co-Authors Darene Hackler, Davis Diana Robinson, Northern Illinois Eva Klein, Eva Klein & Associates Tom Harris, University of Nevada, Reno University Jim Woodell, Association of Public and Terry Helmlinger-Ratcliffe, North Carolina Carmel Ruffolo, University of Wisconsin, Land-grant Universities State University Milwaukee Tim Hindes, Fourth Economy Consulting Jessica Sattler, University of Toledo Contributors Alexis Holzer, Washington State Susan Sciame-Giasecke, University of Ernest Abrogar, University of Oklahoma University Indiana, Kokomo Dorothy Air, University of Cincinnati Glenda Humiston, US Department of Joe Shields, Ohio University Fiona Baxter, North Carolina State Agriculture Chuck Shoopman, University of University Genna Hurd, University of Kansas Tennessee-Knoxville Robert Behunin, Utah State University Lloyd Jacobs, University of Toledo Bill Stephan, Indiana University Christi Bell, University of Alaska Jacob Johnson, innovosource Wayne Szafranski, North Carolina A&T Chris Brown, Apollidon Learning Linda Kawano, Cantu Designs University David Brukardt, University of Wisconsin Maureen Klovers, Lyon Park Associates Ashish Vaidya, St. Cloud State University System Eugene Krentsel, University of Louisville Eileen Walker, Association of University Nicky Colomb, Virginia Commonwealth Sandy Larson, University of Minnesota- Research Parks University Duluth Mark Clarke, University of Houston Ali Mabel, Fourth Economy Consulting Kelvin Drogemeier, University of Joey Mak, University of Illinois Oklahoma Gene Merrell, University of Idaho Larry Molnar, University of Michigan Duane Dunlap, Purdue University Ed Morrison, Purdue University Laura Jean Edmonds, Ohio University Duane Nellis, Texas Tech University For information, please contact: Eva Klein, Board Member and Committee Chair, UEDA, [email protected] or APLU Office of Economic Development and Community Engagement, [email protected] B Higher Education Engagement in Economic Development Contents Introduction 2 SECTION 1 — Definition of University Economic Development and Engagement 4 SECTION 2 — Principles of Practice 7 SECTION 3 — Taxonomy of Programs 10 Appendices 17 Foundations for Strategy and Practice 1 Introduction Who We Are Note: In December 2018 CICEP and APLU’s Council on Engagement and Outreach This statement of Foundations about the integrated to form the Commission on roles of institutions of higher education in Economic and Community Engagement. economic development and engagement Learn more at aplu.org/EEF. with their constituencies is produced in support of higher education institutions, University Economic Development Association as represented by the Association of Public Established in 1976, UEDA is North and Land-grant Universities (APLU) and America’s membership organization that the University Economic Development brings together public and private higher Association (UEDA). education; private sector; public agencies; Association of Public and Land-grant Universities and community economic development stakeholders in economic development. APLU is a research, policy, and advocacy UEDA’s members work to expand economic organization dedicated to strengthening and opportunity and prosperity in our advancing the work of public universities communities and regions by leveraging in the US, Canada, and Mexico. With education / talent development; research a membership of 238 public research and technology development; and universities, land-grant institutions, community-building and place-making state university systems, and affiliated strategies. UEDA’s mission is to serve organizations, APLU’s agenda is built on the its members by advancing knowledge three pillars of increasing degree completion and practice in economic engagement by and academic success, advancing scientific institutions of higher education. research, and expanding engagement. UEDA’s Body of Knowledge (BoK) APLU created its Commission on Committee works to support UEDA’s Innovation, Competitiveness, and Economic members by providing information and Prosperity (CICEP) to help APLU member resources to advance higher education- universities—including presidents and related economic development and chancellors, senior research officers, engagement accomplishments. The provosts, other officers and their staffs— Committee’s mandate is to organize plan, assess, and communicate their existing knowledge and support creation institutions’ work in local and regional of new knowledge allowing members to economic development. better develop and carry out economic development and engagement programming. 2 Higher Education Engagement in Economic Development Purposes of These Foundations communications of accomplishments to stakeholders—taking into account a broader Each of the three sections of this document definition of economic development roles of addresses one of its three purposes: institutions. FIRST, WE DEFINE UNIVERSITY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND ENGAGEMENT. Building Our Frameworks A common definition will lead to easier These Foundations extend previous work development of roadmaps, tools, and of APLU, including publications in its metrics for assessing progress while Economic Engagement Framework (ht t p:// also stimulating internal institutional www.aplu.org/EEF) and its Innovation and dialogue—all-important to affecting the Economic Prosperity Universities program culture of what we value. (www.aplu.org/IEP). It also builds from SECOND, WE PROVIDE A COMMON SET OF UEDA’s Awards Program (ht t p://aw a rd s. PRINCIPLES for the practice of economic universityeda.org) and is a framework for development and engagement that concurrent launch of UEDA’s Journal of institutions can consider as part of their Economic Development in Higher Education. planning and assessment framework. Thus, in many ways, this document is part THIRD, WE PRESENT A TAXONOMY OF PROGRAMS, of an ongoing process by APLU and UEDA intended to assist institutions and their to create a body of knowledge to support partners in understanding how discreet institutions in their pursuit of economic programs connect to the larger vision engagement purposes and initiatives. and purposes. Finally, we acknowledge the work of many The Foundations are meant to inspire others who have devoted considerable institutions to reinvent the relevant college effort to developing frameworks for these or university for the 21st century and to endeavors in higher education. (Graphics think more comprehensively about how and references included in the Appendices economic development and engagement provide selected examples.) We hope we are, activities connect to each other and to an in turn, building on that growing body of institution’s core mission. That said, the work. foundations expressed in this document are intended to provide a useful and provocative SECTION 1: Definition framework—not a precise or limiting prescription. Further, the Foundations also of University Economic should help institutions strengthen their Foundations for Strategy and Practice 3 Development and Engagement Economic development is the means to achieve Definition of Economic Development for Research, Creative st the 21 Century sustained increases in prosperity and quality Works, Problem-Solving, In the second half of the 20th century, of life realized through innovation, lowered and Entrepreneurship as economic development emerged as an transaction costs, and the utilization of art form in the late industrial economy, capabilities towards the responsible production it was commonly understood to mean and diffusion of goods and services. primarily recruitment of companies to a The authors continue with the following specific jurisdiction forjob creation, with principles: tax revenues and capital investment being secondary goals. Most early attention was Economic development requires effective on creating industrial park sites, utilities institutions grounded in norms of openness, capacity, and transportation—and then tolerance for risk, appreciation for diversity, and working to relocate manufacturers to the confidence in the realization of mutual gain for jurisdiction in question. In the last few the public and the private sector. decades, economic incentives, supported by taxpayers and public policy, became another Economic development is essential to creating set of major tools. the conditions for economic growth and ensuring our economic future. (Feldman et al., This now is an archaic and too-narrow view forthcoming) of economic development, which, in the 21st century’s global knowledge economy, is a far Definition of Economic Development for more complex enterprise. Universities and Higher Education colleges begin their definitions and their For higher education, the definition of principles and practices