Energy Ecient LED Lighting EnergyA Guide for Businesses Efficient LED Lighting A Guide for Businesses III | A guide to energy efficient LED lighting for business LED lighting efficient energy A guide to Preface In the coming years, Ireland must use less energy, move to clean energy, and innovate to create new solutions to meet our energy needs. Businesses have a key role to play in transforming Ireland’s energy system and energy efficiency is critical in this journey to a low carbon economy. Improving your organisation's energy performance makes sound business sense. As Ireland’s national energy authority, SEAI is investing in and delivering appropriate, effective and sustainable solutions to help Ireland’s businesses transition to a clean energy future and realise their energy ambitions. SEAI has developed this guide to help businesses deliver a successful energy efficient LED lighting project based on current best practice. Upgrading your lighting is an excellent opportunity for your business to make significant energy savings, often at relatively low cost and quick payback. Use this guide to help your business deliver a high quality, fit for purpose lighting system. It will save you money, improve your business’ environmental performance and help you meet your corporate social responsibilities. About SEAI SEAI is Ireland’s national energy authority investing in, and delivering, appropriate, effective and sustainable solutions to help Ireland’s transition to a clean energy future. We work with Government, homeowners, businesses and communities to achieve this, through expertise, funding, educational programmes, policy advice, research and the development of new technologies. SEAI is funded by the Government of Ireland through the Department of Communications, Climate Action and Environment. Disclaimer While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the contents of this report, SEAI accepts no liability whatsoever to any third party for any loss or damage arising from any interpretation or use of the information contained in this report, or reliance on any views expressed therein. Public disclosure is authorised. This guide may be reproduced in full or, if content is extracted, then it should be fully credited to SEAI. Table of Contents Introduction 2 List of tables How to use this guide 3 Table 1 Relative performance of lighting technologies 9 Table 2 Office of Public Works office lighting specifications 14 1. Getting started: understanding energy efficient LED lighting 5 Table 3 OPW office lighting control strategy 16 1.1 Energy service: illumination and light distribution 7 Table 4 Lighting upgrade options 25 1.2 Process: natural and artificial lighting 8 Table 5 Considerations before starting a lighting project 34 1.3 Equipment: luminaire specification 8 Table 6 Stakeholder roles 35 1.4 Lighting controls 15 Table 7 Survey checklist 37 1.5 Operation and maintenance 21 Table 8 Business case layout 39 1.6 Management 22 Table 9 Net present value 40 2. Getting strategic: lighting upgrade options 25 Table 10 Life cycle costs 41 2.1 Lighting redesign 26 Table 11 Sample schedule of existing and proposed lighting 43 2.2 Luminaire replacement 29 2.3 Lamp replacement 30 Checklists Checklist 1 Identify opportunities 38 3. Delivering success: implementing your lighting project 33 Checklist 2 Installation checklist 46 3.1 Project Management 34 Checklist 3 Commissioning and handover file checklist 46 3.2 Data gathering: lighting survey 36 3.3 Building the business case 38 List of figures 3.4 Procurement 41 Figure 1 The evolution of lighting technology 2 3.5 Installation and commissioning 46 Figure 2 Energy Venn diagram - Considerations for a typical lighting project 6 3.6 Performance measurement and verification 47 Figure 3 Omnidirectional LEDs 7 Figure 4 Colour temperature range 10 4. Lighting standards and safety 49 Figure 5 Colour rendering index 11 4.1 Lighting standards 49 Figure 6 MacAdam ellipses 13 4.2 Electrical safety 50 Figure 7 Lamp efficacy 13 4.3 Earthing 51 Figure 8 Hours of operation 13 5. Other lighting applications 53 Figure 9 Selecting lighting controls 15 5.1 Emergency lighting 53 Figure 10 Manual controls switch bank with list of areas being controlled 17 5.2 External lighting 55 Figure 11 Open plan switch bank with area switches and master off switch 17 Figure 12 Daylighting controls – individual luminaire sensors 17 Appendix A - References 57 Figure 13 Control strategy options 20 Appendix B - Common challenges 58 Figure 14 Maintenance costs 21 Appendix C - Sectoral guides 59 Figure 15 Energy performance contracting 44 LED lighting for warehouses 59 Figure 16 External LED façade lighting 54 LED lighting for offices 60 LED lighting for hotels 61 LED lighting for retail 62 Appendix D - Glossary of terms 64 2 3 | | A guide to energy efficient LED lighting for business LED lighting efficient energy A guide to Introduction How to use this guide for business LED lighting efficient energy A guide to For many organisations, lighting is one of the most energy-intensive Whether you are at the start of your energy efficiency journey, electrical services. It can be responsible for up to 40% of a building’s or well advanced, this guide will help you to implement an energy electricity use (SEAI, 2018). efficient LED lighting project that will deliver sustained energy, operational and financial benefits to your business. Many businesses still rely on inefficient technology to meet their lighting needs. However, advances in lighting technology, specifically Navigate to the section which best suits your business needs. A glossary LEDs and lighting controls, offer great opportunities to improve the of terms is provided at the back of this document for your reference. quality, affordability and reliability of light. LEDs provide good colour temperature, Achieving the best outcome from a lighting colour rendering, longer lifetime and increased project will integrate the principles of energy efficiency. Lighting controls ensure that efficient design and include the following lights are only on when and where they are key steps: Delivering success needed. The combination of these technologies • Understanding LED lighting technology, nderstnding the are helping businesses to save money 3 criteri for ileenting processes and equipment; through reduced energy consumption and nd nging your maintenance costs. • Understanding the current lighting system lighting roect and user requirements; 2 Page 33 The best lighting for your business is one which • Identifying improvement opportunities and Getting strategic Lighting standards is fit for purpose. Whether you are renovating an putting a business case together; and safety existing space or moving into a new building, a • Seeking advice, where appropriate, to assist nderstnding lighting ugrde Page 49 good lighting system will comply with the Irish in project implementation; roches 4 Building Regulations and be designed with a • Project implementation – including Page 25 building’s end-use and occupancy requirements completing tender specifications, awarding Other lighting in mind. contracts, installation, commissioning and 5 applications handover; Page 53 While LED lighting retrofit projects generally • Measuring and verifying project energy deliver energy savings, the savings and the savings to ensure they are achieved; and long-term success of the project will rely • Managing the lighting system to upon planning, specification and ongoing ensure savings are maintained and management of your project. continual improvements are made as 1 opportunities arise. Appendices Getting started 1 References nderstnding lighting 2 Coon hllenges technology nd energy efficient design 3 Sectorl uides Page 5 4 lossry of ters Figure 1: The evolution of lighting technology 4 5 | | A guide to energy efficient LED lighting for business LED lighting efficient energy A guide to Getting started: Understanding for business LED lighting efficient energy A guide to 1 energy efficient LED lighting This section will help you to understand the best practice for energy efficient LED lighting and controls. The technology and design considerations within this section use principles from the IS399 Energy Efficient Design Management Standard to challenge and analyse the elements that affect the energy efficiency of a lighting system. This approach considers energy from the start of any new investment project, minimising energy consumption throughout its lifecycle and allowing your business to maximise cost savings through energy efficiency gains. The Energy Venn diagram in Figure 2 on page 6, IS399 - Energy Efficient Design Management is a component of the Energy Efficient Design is an Irish standard developed by SEAI and the Management approach. It highlights that National Standards Authority of Ireland. understanding the criteria affecting the energy Find out how IS399 can save money for your efficiency of your lighting system requires a business at www.seai.ie/standards holistic approach to your project. 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 Figure 2: Energy Venn diagram from IS399 of 2014 - Considerations for a typical lighting project 7 | | | A guide to energy efficient LED lighting for business for business LED lighting LED lighting efficient efficient energy energy A guide to A guide to 1.1 Energy service: illumination and for business LED lighting efficient energy A guide to 1 light distribution 1 1 1 1 1 2 Delivering a successful lighting project requires the 2 2 2 2 2 3 designer and project manager to clearly understand 3 3 3 3 3 1 Energy service 4 why the lighting is required, how it will be used and 4 4 4 4 4 5 where it is needed. Lighting levels and light direction 5 5 5 5 5 2 Process 6 are key to ensuring that any project will meet both 6 6 6 6 6 3 Equipment the building's and user’s needs. 1.1.1 Illumination 1.1.2 Light distribution 4 Control Lux is a measure of illumination, defined as the Light distribution refers to the evenness1 of Energy service number of lumens per square metre hitting illumination across the work area, floors and Process 5 Operation and maintenance a surface.