SPRING 2019 SPRING JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH & WRITING | Kapi‘olani Community College Board of Student Publications Kapi‘olani Community College 4303 Diamond Head Road Honolulu, HI 96816 1| Ka Hue Anahā Journal of Academic Research & Writing | 2 SPRING 2019 SPRING JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH & WRITING Board of Student Publications | Kapi‘olani Community College 4303 DIAMOND HEAD ROAD HONOLULU, HI 96816 Acknowledgments Works selected for publication were chosen TO FUTURE AUTHORS to reflect the ideas and quality of writing The KCC Board of Student Publications looks across a wide range of courses here at the forward to reading your work in subsequent College. The Faculty Writing Coordinator editions of Ka Hue Anahā Journal of Academic and the Review and Editing Staff would & Research Writing. It is your efforts that keep like to congratulate the authors whose this publication going, and your support and papers were selected for the Spring enthusiasm are sincerely appreciated. 2018 edition of Ka Hue Anahā Journal of Academic & Research Writing, and to Remember to follow the College’s News and acknowledge and encourage all students Events (https://news.kapiolani.hawaii.edu/) who submitted papers. We regret not for information and calls for submissions. being able to publish all of the fine work You can also submit work anytime online submitted this semester. We hope that (http://go.hawaii.edu/ehj) or by contacting you will continue to write, and to engage the Board of Student Publications with the Board of Student Publications by at [email protected]. submitting more work in the future. Furthermore, and with much appreciation, TO FACULTY we would like to extend a sincere thank Please encourage your students to read and you to the faculty, staff and administrators, critically analyse works published in Ka Hue without whose support these student voices Anahā, and to submit their own work for would not be heard. Thank you for your possible publication. dedication and commitment to learning! Kūlia i ka nu‘u: “Strive for the highest” Publication Table of Contents STUDENT EDITOR About KA HUE ANAHĀ 6 WHAT’S IN A NAME: AN 34 INVENTING JUST Rachel Bechtel-Breland ANALYSIS OF “HAOLE” WAR THEORY Ka Hue Anahā Journal of Academic & Research Writing, USAGE THROUGHOUT By Connor Hendrix published by Kapi‘olani Community College’s Board of HAWAI‘I FACULTY WRITING ADVISOR Student Publications (BOSP), honors student writing from Normie Salvador By Partner Akiona across the curriculum. Other BOSP publications celebrate student voices in more specific areas.Pueo o Kū Journal of 39 INVENTING GUANYIN REVIEW AND EDITING STAFF Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics publishes By Hoan Mai Davin Kubota 10 IS A BLOOD TRANSFUSION technical writing in STEM fields, and Lē‘ahi Creative Arts Journal provides a venue for students’ creative writing and art. ALWAYS THE ANSWER? STUDENT ART EDITOR By Ovnee Asahguii 44 HANUMAN AND HUMILITY Allyson Villanueva The name Ka Hue Anahā, was determined by Arts & Sciences By Devon C. Mickey Dean and Professor of Hawaiian Language Nāwa’a Napoleon, and translates as “The calabash of light” or “The wellspring LAYOUT COORDINATOR 15 PHYSICAL CONTACT IN Elizabeth Nakoa of reflected light,” and is meant to reflect the diversity of EARLY DEVELOPMENT 49 INVENTING AHIMSA: opinions and cultures our island state fosters, and also pays DEFINING THE BOUNDARIES homage to the concept of ‘welcoming ideas from across the By Adrianna Bow OF SOCIAL VIOLENCE SUPERVISOR curriculum’ previously engendered in a 2004-2006 publication Cheri Souza called Spectrum. By Iroha Mochida 18 THE HEART AND SOUL PUBLISHER Ka hue – (n.) gourd, water calabash, any narrow-necked OF THE CARIBBEAN Board of Student Publications vessel for holding water. A way of connecting net sections by 54 FOLK MUSIC IN By Jameil Clarke Kapi‘olani Community College interlocking meshes. AMAMI ISLANDS Anahā – (n.) a reflection of light. By Iroha Mochida 20 HAWAIIAN MARRIAGE AND PROCREATION IN PRE-CONTACT HAWAI‘I 57 LITTLE THINGS ARE NOT SO LITTLE By Tara “Iwalani” Clayton By Chantelle Patterson-Sylva 24 INVENTING MANTRAS: THE DEVOLUTION OF 61 INVENTING OSIRIS Please note: The views/claims that are presented in Ka Hue Anahā are those of the respective SACRED SOUNDS By Kristyn Yasui authors and are not meant to reflect the views or opinions of the UH System, B.O.R., the College, its By Noah Duran administrators, faculty, staff, publishers, B.O.S.P. advisors, entities and subsidiaries. 67 LETTERS FROM THE EDITORS The BOSP solicited individual student authors’ and artists’ input about the ability to revise and edit student work; therefore, student work may have been copy-edited for clarity, length, and flow. 29 INVENTING JESUS: “TRUE IMAGE” RELICS AND The University of Hawai‘i is an equal opportunity/affirmative action institution and is committed to THE STANDARDIZATIONS OF a policy of non-discrimination on the basis of race, sex, age, religion, color, national origin, ancestry, CHRIST’S IMAGE disability, marital status, arrest and court record, sexual orientation, or status as a covered veteran. By Luisa Faye Fuego © Kapi‘olani Community College. Students retain all publication rights to their work. WHAT’S IN A NAME: AN ANALYSIS OF “Ku-ali‘i (Ku the chief) of Oahu...He is said to There was no separation of rights between those have lived long, [until] he walked with a cane; who were native tenants and those who relocated to “HAOLE” USAGE THROUGHOUT HAWAI‘I four times forty years and fifteen he lived, that the islands from other countries. is 175 years...glorified as “a god…a messenger In more turbulent times in Hawai‘i’s history, we get from heaven…a stranger (haole) from Kahiki” to see how the term “haole” became an offensive (Beckwith 394). term thanks to the actions of foreign individuals Partner Akiona ENG 272M: Literature of Hawai'i, Oceania, and Asia Kuali‘i is described as “haole” because of the who felt that they needed more representation significance of his physical aesthetics and military within the government during the late 1800s. The conquests. In the case of Kuali‘i, someone who experience between native and foreign individuals is that prominent could not be from Hawai‘i, is presented by Joseph Nāwahī, a native Hawaiian because although his accomplishments are greatly born and raised in Hilo, who received his formal exaggerated, building up Kuali‘i’s legend shows education from the Protestant missionary schools how much his people admired and loved him. Along of the islands and later taught at Hilo Boarding People use language in everyday life to convey he has bristles down his back which he conceals with building him up and claiming that he is from School. While teaching, he became a lawyer and messages. These messages are interpreted under a cape. He is able to change himself not only Kahiki, it shows how vital Kahiki was to Hawaiians then entered politics by becoming a member of the differently based on the speaker’s tone, voice into a hog but also into fishes and plants of various as well. For native Hawaiians, Kahiki was not just House of Representatives for his home district of inflection, and body language. Sometimes words can kinds” (Beckwith 201). Kamapua‘a is described a destination, but a kumu (source) for all knowledge Puna (Sheldon 33). Nāwahī remarked, be altered from their original intent. Alterations about the Hawaiian gods and the birthplace of most as “haole” because although he was born on Maui, “Ināhea nei lā ho‘i i a‘o ‘ia ai ke kanaka Hawai‘i happen when a descriptive word used within society supernatural deities. he was born of a godly mother who bestowed him i nā ‘ike hohonu o ke kālai‘āina a me nā hana gets reintroduced as a negatively charged word with supernatural powers, and most supernatural ho‘oponopono aupuni ‘ana? He hewa kā ka ‘ike o to belittle and demean another person or group of In other instances, “haole” delineated members beings at that time arrived “from beyond.” In this ka Haole, ka mea ua hele ka ‘ike a pili i ka lani, people. Such is the case in Hawai‘i with the term of our Hawaiian monarchy. Depending on the case, “haole” is being used to define Kamapua‘a as a ua hele ho‘i a laulā i ka moana, a ua pāpahi “haole.” Throughout Hawai‘i’s history, we can see situation, the elites and commoners used the term a deity rather than a man. His ability to change iho ka ‘ike a me ka na‘auao o ka Haole ma luna o how “haole” has transformed based on foreigners’ to describe members of society. More often than into many different animal and plant forms is the kākou nā kānaka Hawai‘i, hele aku nō kahi ‘ike actions. I will examine the origins of “haole” and not, it was used in a joking manner thanks to the specific evidence that supports the description. If o ke kanaka Hawai‘i a ka ‘poe hole‘ nō, ho‘i mai” how it transformed from a general description into kingdom’s belief in freedom of speech. An example both of his birth parents were human than he would (qtd. in Spencer 342). the derogatory, offensive term that exists today. not possess supernatural qualities and would then of this would be a scenario about Queen Kapi‘olani and how she rode horses whenever she traveled. fall under the definition of kama‘aina (native born) Based on my translation of this excerpt from Before Western contact, “haole” was used to rather than “haole.” his book, Nāwahī is speaking about foreign describe someone from a foreign land, and, in most “Kapi‘olani was known as a woman who wasted policymakers and how they have taken over cases one who arrived in Hawai‘i from Kahiki or no time...When she rode on horseback at As we move forward in time, we see how other Hawai‘i.