Index Adaptor hypothesis, 29 order of addition of components, 47 role of 3'end in mRNA binding, Aminoacylsite(A-site), 19,21,36,41,43, ribosome binding sites from, 14,52 15,24,52 49 role of initiation factors in formation of, sequences in, 23 Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases, 33, 35, 38 49,53 23S RNA, 23 Antibiotics, role of initiator tRNA in formation of, Ribosomal subunits chloramphenicol, 38 47 preparation of, 18 cycloheximide, 38 role of mRNA in formation of, 50 role in initiation, 43, 47 edeine,47 role of rRNA in formation of, 52 subunit cycle, 59 erythromycin, 27 Initiation factors Ribosomes fusidic acid, 28, 43 Factor F, , 43 assembly map, 26 kasugamycin, 27 Factor F2 , 43, 49 biosynthesis, 28 puromycin, 20, 27, 49 Factor F 43, 53 partial reactions of, 19 spiramycin, 27 Initiator tRNA" properties of, 17 streptomycin, 27 primary sequence of, 39 reconstitution of, 25 thiostrepton, 43 properties of, 37 role in initiation complex formation, 53 role in initiation complex formation. 14, Bacteriophage, 20,32,47,55 Suppression, 37 T4,IO,24,58 Interferon, 58 Small RNA, 10, 14,37,54 Termination factors, 44 Bacteriophage RNA, Methods Termination of polypeptide synthesis, 60 cistron order of, 15 column chromatography, 13, 24, 3 I, 41 Transfer RNA coat protein gene sequences, 16, 50 electron microscopy, 9, I 7 classification of, 33 control of translation of, 53, 54, 62 NMR,36 cross linking, 27, 36,40 ribosome binding sites of, 14,52,54,62 polyacrylamide gels, 12 modulation of, 57 protein fingerprinting, 13 mutants of, 36 Cell-free systems, 10, 18 RNA sequencing, 14, 16,31 primary sequence of, 30 Colicin E3, 53 X-ray crystallography, 34, 4 I properties of, 20, 29 Modified nucleotides purification of, 3 I Elongation factors, in mRNA, 17,51 tertiary structure of, 33, 35 assay of, 20, 41 in rRNA, 23, 27 Transformylase, 37 comparison with initiation factors, 43 in tRNA, 29, 31, 37 Translational control RNA, 55 interaction with initiator tRNA, 38, 42 mRNA Translocation, 2 I, 28 interaction with tRNA, 30 blocked ends, I 7, 5 I properties of factors G and EF2, 42 polyA, 17, 51 Viruses properties of factors T, Ts, Tu and EFI, properties of, 9, 50 adenoviruses, 55, 60 41 proteins bound to, 10, 16, 47 picornaviruses, 10, 17,55,58,60 role in control of translation, 57 ribosome binding site of, 14, 52 poxviruses, 61 role in transcription, 62 structure of, 13 reoviruses, 10, 17,60 Elongation of polypeptide chain RNA tumour viruses, 58, 60 control of rate, 57 Nonsense mutations, 37 Semliki forest virus, 5 I, 60 overall reaction scheme, 48 SV40,55 Peptidyl transferase, 19,43 Fragment reaction, 21, 43 Peptidyl site P-site, 19,21,36,41,48 Wobble hypothesis, 29 PolyA, 10, 17,47,51 Genetic code, 16, 20, 29 Polysomes Xenopus oocytes, I I, 17,22,56,60 GMP.PCP, 50 electron microscopy of I 9 GTP membrane bound, 58 number hydrolysed per peptide bond, 42 preparation of, 18 role in binding tRNA, 27,41 Post-translational modification, 59 role in initiation, 28, 43, 49 role in termination, 28, 44 Ribosomal proteins role in translocation, 28, 42 chemical modification of, 25 cross linking of, 25, 54 Hn RNA, 17,47 properties of, 22, 24 Hormones, 46, 57 proteinsL7/Jl2,27,43 role in control of translation, 53 Initiation codon AUG Ribosomal RNA in bacteriophage mRN A, 14 5SRNA role in phaaing mRNA, 37, 5 I primary sequence, 22 Initiation complex role in tRNA binding, 22, 32, 35 effect of RNA polymerase and coat 16S RNA protein, 5 I, 6 I role in binding tRNA, 36 64 .