0 Data on Women in Political Parties in (13) Arab and (7) Non-Arab Muslim-Majority Countries and (5) European countries with Christian Democratic Parties plus Israel Fatima Sbaity Kassem 2011 1 Lebanon (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) seat%p Leaders Decis seclrs f- f- I- E- Prtynme yrorgn Age mt Plur hip ion Dem m f%mem f%lead nompmt nomcpl quota quota Communist 1924 0 1 1 1 1 2 5 16 11.2 0 6.7 1 0 PPS 1932 0 1.6 1 1 1 2 5 20 13.1 0 7 1 0 1 Phalanges 1936 0 6.2 0 0 1 1 4 10 4.2 12.5 0 0 N-Bloc 1946 0 1 0 0 1 1 4 10 9.4 0 0 0 0 Baath 1947 0 1 1 1 1 2 5 10 9.1 0 3 1 0 Prog Soc 1949 0 4.7 0 0 1 1 4 25 7 0 2 1 0 Liberals 1958 0 1 0 0 0 0 4 15 6.8 0 0 0 0 Islm Grp 1964 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 30 0 0 0 0 0 Hope 1975 1 6.2 0 0 0 0 3 30 10.9 0.5 1.1 0 0 Unitarian 1982 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 30 5.3 0 0 0 0 Hizbullah 1982 1 10.9 0 0 0 0 2 50 7.1 0 2 0 0 Wa‟ad 1991 1 1 0 0 1 1 4 20 17.8 0 0 1 0 Renewal 2001 1 1 1 0 1 1 5 21 21.5 0 0 1 0 Tayyar 2005 1 6.2 1 0 1 1 4 51 25 16.7 3.5 1 0 Leb.Forces 2005 1 4.7 0 0 1 1 4 35 15 12.5 2 1 0 Islm Actn 2006 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 30 0 0 0 0 0 Future 2007 1 34 1 0 1 1 4 31 12.5 30 2.9 1 0 Giants 2007 1 1 0 0 1 1 4 50 9.1 0 7.8 1 0 Abbreviations & explanatory notes on coding of variables 1. “prtynme”: abbreviation of party name 2. “yrorgn” :Year of origin of political party (year established) 3. “age”: „0‟ for pre-war (before 1975); „1‟ for war-origin & post-war (after 1975) 4. “seat%pmt”: seats occupied by party in current or last parliament (in %) 5. “Plur”: Pluralism in membership where „0‟ is assigned for single-sect & „1‟ for plural or multi-sect 6. “Leadership”: Transfer of leadership where „0‟ is assigned to parties that do not follow due democratic process and „1‟ for those that hold periodic and competitive elections. 7. “Decision”: Decision-making: process where „0‟ is assigned for centralized decision-making and „1‟ for decentralized and democratic process 8. “Dem”: Combined democracy score in transfer of leadership & decision-making where „0‟ is assigned to parties that are democratically deficit in both indicators; „1‟ for parties that employ democratic process either in leadership or decision-making; and „2‟ for parties that are democratic in both indicators. 9. “seclrsm”: Religiosity and secularism 5-point scale, where parties are coded „1‟ extremist religiosity; „2‟ conservative but not extremist; „3‟ tolerant religiosity; „ 4‟ confessional but civil secularism; and „5‟ a- religious & secular parties. 10. “f%mem”: Percentage share of female membership (in %) 11. “f%lead”: Percentage share of women in decision-making bodies (in %) 12. “f-nompmt”: Percentage share of female nominees on parties' electoral lists for parliament (in %) 13. “f-nomcpl”: Percentage share of female nominees on parties' electoral lists for municipalities (in %) 14. “I-quota”: Internal voluntary party quotas where „0‟ is assigned to parties not employing quotas; „1‟ for those that have recommended; and „2‟ for those employing quotas to increase women‟s leadership 15. “E-quota”: Electoral quotas for women where „0‟ is assigned to parties not employing quotas and „1‟ for those employing quotas for women to increase their share on electoral lists. 2 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) % I E % % % prtynme yrorgn Seats seclrsm quota quota mem lead nom ARAB COUNTRIES ALGERIA National Liberation Front 4 National Rally for Dem. 4 El-Islah (MRN/MI) 1999 1 HAMAS 9.8 1 1 10 15 20 Workers’ Party (PT) 5 1 National Front (FNA) 4 El-Nahda 1990 3 Renewal (PRA) 4 National Entente (MEN) 4 Front of Socialist Forces 5 Rally for Culture & Dem RCD 5 Movement for Dem MDA 5 Arouch Citizens 5 Islamic Salvation (FIS) 2 BAHRAIN National Democratic Wa'd 2001 0 4 1 0 25.9 15.4 16.7 National Conciliation Alwefaq 2001 42.5 1 0 0 10 9.3 0 National Dem. Rally 2001 0 5 0 0 23.3 9.5 0 Islamic Action Society 2002 0 2 0 0 25 7.3 0 Dem. Progressive Tribute 2001 7.5 5 0 0 11.3 19.6 1 Arab Islamic Center 2002 0 3 0 0 28 0 0 National Islamic Forum 2000 17.5 3 0 0 30 16.3 0 Islamic Fundament Al- Asalah 2002 20 1 0 0 9.8 0 0 Islamic Shoura 2002 5 3 0 0 14.8 0 1 Constitution Al-Meethaq 2001 10 4 0 0 40 23.5 4 National Dem. Solidarity 2002 2.5 5 0 0 25 27.6 0 N. Free Thought 2002 0 4 0 0 60 47.8 0 N. Constitutional Solidarity 2002 0 4 0 0 32.4 37.5 0 N. Brotherhood 2003 0 3 0 0 34.8 0 0 Islamic Line 2007 0 3 0 0 44.1 15.8 0 Islamic Alliance Rabitah 2002 10 3 0 0 28 0 0 N. Justice Movement 2006 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 N. Dialogue 2006 0 4 0 0 39.5 20.2 0 3 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) % I E % % % prtynme yrorgn Seats seclrsm quota quota mem lead nom COMOROS Convention for Renewal 5 0 0 Camp Autonomous Islands 0 0 Anjouan Popular 0 0 Democracy & Progress 4 0 0 Democracy Front 1 0 0 Forces for Republican 2 0 0 Forum Nat. Redress 0 0 Citizens of Republic 4 0 0 N. Front of Justice 4 0 0 Socialism & democracy 5 0 0 N. Rally for Development 5 0 0 Conservative UDC 2 0 0 Green PV 5 0 0 DJIBOUTI Peo People’s Rally Progress 1979 74 5 0 0 25 9.1 10 Restoration & Democracy 1991 18.5 5 0 0 25 17 4 N. Democratic PND 1992 3.1 5 1 1 35 25.9 0 Social Democratic PSD 2002 3.1 4 0 0 33.3 0 0 Union of Reform UPR 2005 1.5 4 0 0 19.5 7 0 EGYPT Egypt 2000 2001 0 4 0 0 15 8 0 Egypt Youth 2005 0 5 0 0 1 12.1 0 Democratic Generation 2002 0 5 0 0 12 10 0 Egypt Labor Party 1933 0 5 0 0 9 0 0 Democratic Peace Party 2005 0 5 0 0 0 10 0 Democratic Front Party 2007 0 5 0 0 10 28.6 0 Social Justice Party 1993 0 5 0 0 10 4.3 0 National Democratic Party 1978 68.5 4 0 0 13 6.9 6 Free Republican 2006 0 5 0 0 5 4.3 0 Constitutional Party 2004 0 4 0 0 5 10 0 Egypt Arab Social Party 2004 0 5 0 0 10 6.7 0 UMMA Party 1983 1 4 0 0 10 7.7 0 People Democratic Party 1992 0 5 0 0 10 10 0 4 National Conciliation Party 2000 0 5 0 0 10 8 0 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) % I E % % % prtynme yrorgn seats seclrsm quota quota mem lead nom Democratic Unionist Party 1990 0 5 0 0 11 11.1 0 Liberal Socialist Party 1976 0 5 0 0 1 9.1 3 Progressive National Unionist 1977 1 5 0 0 2 10.5 5 GREENS 1990 0 5 0 0 10 14.3 2 New WAFD 1978 1.3 5 0 0 9 18.8 8 Conservative party 2006 0 4 0 0 10 8.3 0 Solidarity Party 1995 0 4 0 0 3 6.7 0 Young Women Egypt 1987 0 5 0 0 10 13.3 0 Muslim Brotherhood 19.4 2 0 0 30 0 1 JORDAN National Constitution NCP 1997 10 4 0 0 0 25 2 Jordanian Life JLP 2008 0 5 0 0 34 30 0 N. Direct Democratic NDDM 1997 0 4 0 0 40 10.7 0 Jordanian National Party 2007 0 5 0 0 40 39.3 0 Democratic Popular Unity 1993 0 4 0 0 14 9.1 0 Arab Baath Progressive 1993 0 5 1 0 29 12.9 0 J. Arab Baath Socialist 1993 2.7 5 0 0 14 0 0 Message Party 2002 0 4 0 0 25 18 1 Communist of Jordan 1993 0 5 0 0 37 17.1 0 J. Democratic Unity Front 2007 0 4 0 0 18 9.5 0 Prayer Dua'a Party 1993 0 3 0 0 35 13 0 People’s Democratic HASHD 1992 0 4 0 0 37.5 14.6 0 Muslim Center Party 2001 0 2 0 0 17 0 1 Islamic Action Front 1992 5.4 1 0 0 10 7.5 0 KUWAIT Salafi Movement 2001 16 1 1 0 0 0 0 Islamic Constitutional HADAS 1992 2 2 1 0 20 25 0 Shi’ites Movement 2003 14 3 1 0 59.8 36.4 0 Popular Coalition 1999 10 3 0 0 0 0 0 Democratic Forum 1991 8 4 0 0 11.1 12.5 0 Democratic Alliance 2003 8 4 0 0 40 20 12.5 5 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) % I E % % % prtynme yrorgn seats seclrsm quota quota mem lead nom Republican for Renewal ADEL 2006 8.42 5 0 0 35 21.4 50 Rally Democratic Unity RDU 1995 2.1 5 0 0 10 35.5 50 Popular Union Progress APP 1991 7.36 4 0 0 14 2.7 14.28 TAWASOL 2007 4.21 2 0 0 8 17.2 0 Union of Progress Forces UFP 1995 6.31 5 0 0 22 46.7 33.33 MOROCCO Socialist Union People Forces 1975 11.1 5 1 1 22.2 3 Independence 1944 16 2 0 0 18.2 3 Progress & Socialism 1974 5.2 5 0 0 20 2 Democratic Forces Front 1997 2.8 5 0 0 15.4 5 People’s Movement 1959 13.2 5 0 0 12 5 N.