CPT/Inf (2015) 40 Report to the Government of the United Kingdom on the visit to Gibraltar carried out by the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT) from 13 to 17 November 2014 The Government of the United Kingdom has requested the publication of this report and of the response of the Government of Gibraltar. The response is set out in document CPT/Inf (2015) 41. Strasbourg, 19 November 2015 - 2 - CONTENTS Copy of the letter transmitting the CPT’s report............................................................................4 Executive summary ............................................................................................................................5 I. INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................8 II. FACTS FOUND AND ACTION PROPOSED.....................................................................10 A. Law enforcement agencies......................................................................................................10 1. Legal framework..............................................................................................................10 2. Ill-treatment .....................................................................................................................11 3. Safeguards against ill-treatment ......................................................................................12 4. Conditions of detention ...................................................................................................15 5. Gibraltar Customs............................................................................................................16 B. Windmill Hill Prison...............................................................................................................18 1. Preliminary remarks ........................................................................................................18 2. Ill-treatment .....................................................................................................................19 3. Conditions of detention ...................................................................................................19 4. Juveniles ..........................................................................................................................21 5. Health-care services.........................................................................................................24 a. somatic care............................................................................................................24 b. deaths in custody ....................................................................................................27 c. suicide prevention ..................................................................................................28 d. psychiatric care.......................................................................................................28 6. Other issues......................................................................................................................29 a. prison staff..............................................................................................................29 b. disciplinary procedures ..........................................................................................29 c. prison induction procedures ...................................................................................31 d. contact with the outside world ...............................................................................32 e. complaints and inspections procedures..................................................................33 C. Court holding cells ..................................................................................................................35 D. King George V Mental Health Hospital................................................................................36 - 3 - 1. Preliminary remarks ........................................................................................................36 2. Living conditions and treatment ......................................................................................36 3. Staffing ............................................................................................................................38 4. Means of restraint ............................................................................................................39 5. Safeguards in the context of involuntary placement .......................................................40 a. the initial placement decision.................................................................................40 b. safeguards during placement..................................................................................41 E. Military detention ...................................................................................................................43 - 4 - Copy of the letter transmitting the CPT’s report Ms Farah Ziaulla Deputy Director Head of Human Rights & Security Policy Ministry of Justice, 102 Petty France London SW1H 9AJ, United Kingdom Strasbourg, 17 March 2015 Dear Ms Ziaulla, In pursuance of Article 10, paragraph 1, of the European Convention for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, I have the honour to enclose herewith the report drawn up by the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT) following its visit to Gibraltar from 13 to 17 November 2014. The report was adopted by the CPT at its 86th meeting, held from 3 to 6 March 2015. The various recommendations, comments and requests for information formulated by the CPT are highlighted in bold in the body of the report. As regards more particularly the CPT’s recommendations, having regard to Article 10, paragraph 1, of the Convention, the Committee requests the national authorities to provide within three months a response giving a full account of action taken to implement them. The CPT trusts that it will also be possible for the national authorities to provide, in the above- mentioned response, reactions to the comments and requests for information formulated in this report. I am at your entire disposal if you have any questions concerning either the CPT’s report or the future procedure. Yours sincerely, Mykola Gnatovskyy President of the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment - 5 - EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This was the first visit by the CPT to the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar. The CPT’s delegation examined the treatment and conditions of detention afforded to persons held in various places of deprivation of liberty across Gibraltar. The co-operation received from both the Gibraltarian authorities and the staff at the establishments visited was excellent. Law enforcement agencies The CPT’s delegation found that most people deprived of their liberty by the police were treated in a correct manner. It did, however, receive some allegations of excessive use of force by police officers at the time of apprehension and of rough treatment during subsequent questioning as well as of handcuffs being applied excessively tightly at the time of arrest. The CPT recommends that the authorities make it clear that all forms of ill-treatment are prohibited, and that the perpetrators of ill-treatment will be punished. The material conditions of the custody cells in New Mole House Police Station were generally of a good standard. There was, however, a lack of access to natural light in the cells, no privacy from the in-cell video-surveillance and no access to meaningful outside exercise for persons held longer than 24 hours. As regards safeguards for those deprived of their liberty by the police, the lack of legal aid meant that many detained persons did not have effective access to a lawyer prior to their first Court hearing. The CPT recommends that the authorities pursue their initiative to introduce a Duty Solicitor Scheme. The CPT’s delegation also found that access to a doctor was, in practice, filtered by the duty custody sergeant. Effective access to a doctor should be granted upon request of the detained person and the right of access to a doctor should be guaranteed in law. Lastly, every effort should be made to avoid the detention of mentally-ill persons in New Mole House Police Station, and police officers should be provided with basic training on how to care for mentally-ill persons when they have to intervene and transport such persons to hospital. As regards the material conditions at the Customs’ holding facility at the Four-Corners’ land border, these were currently not suitable for holding persons. Should the pending amendments to the relevant legislation come into effect authorising detention by Customs officials, the CPT recommends that the holding room not be used as a designated place of custody. Windmill Hill Prison The CPT’s delegation observed generally good relations between staff and inmates. There were no allegations received during the visit of physical or psychological ill-treatment by prison staff towards the prisoners, although some tensions between prisoners did exist. There was, however, no clear anti-bullying policy in operation. Material conditions were generally satisfactory but a number of deficiencies required action, namely: many cells had corroded