Created in 1965, the Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission (DVRPC) is an interstate, intercounty and intercity agency that provides continuing, comprehensive and coordinated planning to shape a vision for the future growth of the Delaware Valley region. The region includes Bucks, Chester, Delaware, and Montgomery counties, as well as the City of Philadelphia, in Pennsylvania; and Burlington, Camden, Gloucester and Mercer counties in New Jersey. DVRPC provides technical assistance and services; conducts high priority studies that respond to the requests and demands of member state and local governments; fosters cooperation among various constituents to forge a consensus on diverse regional issues; determines and meets the needs of the private sector; and practices public outreach efforts to promote two-way communication and public awareness of regional issues and the Commission. Our logo is adapted from the official DVRPC seal, and is designed as a stylized image of the Delaware Valley. The outer ring symbolizes the region as a whole, while the diagonal bar signifies the Delaware River. The two adjoining crescents represent the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the State of New Jersey. This report was funded by the Association of Environmental Commissions (ANJEC) Smart Growth Assistance Grant Program, funded by the Geraldine R. Dodge Foundation, and by the Township of Logan. Funding was also provided by the Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission’s Open Space and Greenways Program. The authors are solely responsible for the report’s findings and conclusions, which may not represent the official views or policies of the funding agencies. Cover photo: Cooper Lake. Source: DVRPC TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Acknowledgements................................................................................................................................. v Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 1 Brief Township History…...................................................................................................................... 3 Logan Township Location, Size, and Land Use................................................................................... 7 Natural Resources Physiography .................................................................................................................................... 11 Topography and Surface Landscapes............................................................................................ 11 Soils .................................................................................................................................................. 12 Soil Series.................................................................................................................................... 13 Water Resources Surface Waters........................................................................................................................... 21 Watersheds............................................................................................................................ 21 Repaupo Creek Watershed ............................................................................................. 22 Raccoon Creek Watershed ............................................................................................. 22 Oldmans Creek Watershed............................................................................................. 23 Streams.................................................................................................................................. 24 Lakes..................................................................................................................................... 27 Wetlands ............................................................................................................................... 27 Agricultural Wetlands .................................................................................................... 28 Vernal Ponds......................................................................................................................... 28 Flood Hazard Areas .............................................................................................................. 31 Surface Water Quality........................................................................................................... 35 Logan Township Stream Water Quality ......................................................................... 36 Causes of Water Quality Impairments Stormwater Runoff .................................................................................................. 39 Inadequate Stream Buffers....................................................................................... 40 Point sources of Pollution........................................................................................ 41 Groundwater.............................................................................................................................. 42 Aquifers Potomac–Raritan–Magothy Aquifers (PRM) ................................................................. 42 Outcrops ......................................................................................................................... 44 Wellhead Protection Areas and Water Supply Wells ........................................................... 44 Groundwater Recharge ......................................................................................................... 49 Biological Resources Vegetation ......................................................................................................................................... 53 Lower Plants and Microscopic Life............................................................................................. 53 Submerged Communities ............................................................................................................ 53 Wetlands...................................................................................................................................... 54 Upland Forests............................................................................................................................. 57 Grasslands (Open Habitat and Agricultural Lands) .................................................................... 57 Landscape Project Priority Habitats ............................................................................................. 58 Landscape Project Data on Wetland Habitat............................................................................... 61 Landscape Project Data on Upland Forest Habitat...................................................................... 61 Landscape Project Data on Grassland Species Habitat ............................................................... 61 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Biological Resources (continued) Animal Communities ....................................................................................................................... 62 New Jersey Natural Heritage Database and Heritage Priority Sites........................................... 63 The Built Environment Population......................................................................................................................................... 65 Transportation ................................................................................................................................. 65 Township Utilities and Services Drinking Water............................................................................................................................ 66 Sewer........................................................................................................................................... 66 Electric Power ............................................................................................................................. 66 Natural Gas.................................................................................................................................. 69 Communications.......................................................................................................................... 69 Township Services Fire and Emergency.............................................................................................................. 69 Police .................................................................................................................................... 70 Trash/Recycling .................................................................................................................... 70 Education.............................................................................................................................. 70 Parks and Recreation .............................................................................................................. 70 Environmental Issues Known Contaminated Sites............................................................................................................. 73 Underground Storage Tanks........................................................................................................73 Pipelines in Logan Township ..........................................................................................................75 Delaware River Dredge Spoils .......................................................................................................76