Memory for Problem Solving: Comparative Studies in Attention, Working and Long- term Memory Bobrowicz, Katarzyna 2019 Document Version: Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Bobrowicz, K. (2019). Memory for Problem Solving: Comparative Studies in Attention, Working and Long-term Memory. Department of Philosophy, Lund University. 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LUND UNIVERSITY PO Box 117 221 00 Lund +46 46-222 00 00 Memory for Problem Solving Comparative Studies in Attention, Working and Long-term Memory KATARZYNA BOBROWICZ LUND UNIVERSITY Faculties of Humanities and Theology Department of Philosophy Cognitive Science Lund University Cognitive Studies 174 ISBN 978-91-88899-57-6 ISSN 1101-8453 Memory for Problem Solving Memory for Problem Solving Comparative Studies in Attention, Working and Long-term Memory Katarzyna Bobrowicz Cover by Ryszard Bobrowicz Copyright Katarzyna Bobrowicz Paper I © by the Authors (Manuscript unpublished) Paper II © by the Authors (Manuscript unpublished) Paper III © by the Authors (Manuscript unpublished) Paper 4 © Animal Behavior and Cognition Faculties of Humanities and Theology Cognitive Science Department of Philosophy ISBN 978-91-88899-57-6 (print) ISBN 978-91-88899-58-3 (pdf) ISSN 1101-8453 Lund University Cognitive Studies 174 Printed in Sweden by Media-Tryck, Lund University Lund 2019 Acknowledgments During the last four years, I have met many people and animals, without whom I would have much less to present in this thesis. I will be forever grateful to everyone who was kind to me on the way, and I hope that no one will be left unacknowledged by the end of this list. First and foremost, I would like to thank Ryszard Bobrowicz for his continuous support, from finding this PhD position and leaving our previous lives behind, through bearing with my frustrations, to reading everything that I wrote during these years and providing me with a multitude of priceless feedback. Second, I would like to acknowledge my supervisors: Mathias Osvath, Mikael Johansson and Elia Psouni. I thank Mathias for giving me the opportunity to pursue doctoral studies. I am thankful for my discussions with Mikael, and his tremendous help at those points of my studies, at which nothing seemed to be going well. Huge parts of this thesis would not be here, if it was not for those challenging discussions. I am also thankful for my cooperation with Elia who helped me stand on my own feet, supported me research-wise, and showed me how to lead a group in a decisive yet respectful way. Furthermore, I am grateful to Helena Osvath, Tomas Persson, Gabriela-Alina Sauciuc and Megan Lambert. I could never work with ravens, if it was not for Helena’s efforts and time, and likewise, I could never work with chimpanzees and orangutans, if it was not for Tomas and Gabriela who watched out for me in the Furuvik zoo. Without Megan, two years of my studies would not be the same, as she brought great warmth, passion for working with animals, and valuable feedback on my experimental setups and manuscripts. I would like to thank my co-authors: Alice Auersperg, Mark O’Hara and Chelsea Carminito. I owe my work with Goffin’s cockatoos to Alice, who introduced me to the flock, provided continuous support and trusted me with the well-being of her animals. I am thankful for Mark’s great and rapid help despite the huge distance that divided us most of the time, and I am thankful for Chelsea’s spirit, passion and skill that she put into our project. All these studies required a huge support of Tomas Persson, Anna Cagnan Enhörning, Tobias Hansson Wahlberg, and Anna Östberg, who all helped me navigate through the world of administrative issues throughout my studies. I am grateful to all of them for bearing with my never-ending questions, and doing it so kindly. Without them, many of the opportunities would have slipped through my fingers. Although my work with animals would not be possible without all of these colleagues, I would like to acknowledge all people that are not academics, but are nevertheless passionate about animals, and express it through working in the zoological gardens: the Furuvik zoo, Skånes Djurpark, and Zoo Nowy Tomysl. Special thanks must go to: Daniel Hansson, Linda-Marie Lenell, Elina Lundholm, Natalie Magnusson and Lotta Widlund, who all contributed to my work in the Furuvik zoo; to Erik Nilsson, Malte Nilsson and Magnus Wildt, who helped me at Skånes Djurpark; and to the staff at Zoo Nowy Tomysl, especially Pani Mirka and Pani Ania, whose surnames I missed just like I miss the great fun that we had, when working together in the park. I am thankful to all people who allowed me, in one way or another, to meet all the animals that I have met since I started my studies in 2015. In fact, most of my working hours was spent with them: getting frustrated with each other, managing this frustration, and simply having fun. I hope that they had as much fun as I did, and I would like to honor their participation, as I would have nothing to present without their kind help. Therefore, in an alphabetical order, I would like to thank Dolittle, Dunja, Figaro, Fini, Heidi, Juno, Kiwi, Konrad, Linda, Maggan, Manda, Mayday, Moneypenny, Muki, Muppet, Naong, None, Pipin, Rickard, Rugga, Tosta, Santino, Selma, Siden, Utara, Zozo. I would also like to thank twenty-six people who contributed a lot of effort, trust and time to bizarre tasks described in this thesis. Although they must remain anonymous, I am grateful to every single one of them. Moreover, I would like to acknowledge my colleagues in and around the Cognitive Zoology Group: Ivo Jacobs, Can Kabadayi, Claudia Zeiträg, Kristin Osk Ingvarsdottir, Andrey Anikin and Stephan Alexander Reber. I thank Ivo for his critical and valuable feedback. I thank Can for our cooperation on one of the manuscripts outside of this thesis, his friendliness and warmth. I thank Claudia for a breath of fresh air, her feedback and great time that we shared in the past few months. I thank Kristin for a great atmosphere in the office, her statistical tips and feedback. Finally, I thank Andrey for his help with some statistical questions. I would also like to thank Fanni Faegersten, Carina Holmberg Pousette and Anders Ruland for their time and help in my last year of studies. Without Fanni and Carina, I would not be able to explore non-academic workplaces that match my interests. And without Anders, I would not be able to realize and believe in a project that could potentially change many more animal lives than I could ever change inside the academia. Furthermore, I am thankful to my colleagues at Lund University Cognitive Science: Betty Tärning, Trond Arild Tjøstheim, Christian Balkenius, Kerstin Gidlöf, Annika Wallin, Petter Johansson, Gabriel Vogel, Jana Holsanova, Zahra Gharaee, Agneta Gulz, Magnus Haake, Birger Johansson, Peter Gardenförs, Jens Nirme, Thomas Strandberg and Eva Sjöstrand. I am especially thankful to Betty and Trond for their kindness and help, and to Kerstin for her valuable suggestions. I thank Joost van der Weijer, for his statistical and technical support, and Anton Wrisberg, for his help with the memory study with great apes. I am very grateful for a chance of working with Helena Kelber, Marcus Lindblom Lovén, Felicia Lindström, Brigitta Nagy, Johan Sahlström, Klara Thorstensson and Therese Wikström, who all put more effort and time into our collaboration than Elia and I could ever ask. I also thank editors and reviewers, thanks to whom I learnt a lot and improved the manuscripts included in this thesis. I would like to acknowledge all funding agencies that supported my work, both through grants awarded to Mathias Osvath and to myself. Therefore, I thank Swedish Research Council, the European Commission, the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Stiftelsen Roy och Maj Franzéns fond, Knut och Alice Wallenbergs stiftelse, Fil dr Uno Otterstedts fond för främjande av vetenskaplig undervisning och forskning, and Kungliga Fysiografiska Sällskapet i Lund. Last but not least, I am forever grateful to my family who raised me to be the person that I am today. I am especially thankful that they have never set up limits in my mind as to whom I could be and what I could do with my life. I hope that I made them proud and that, at least to some extent, my work allowed them to develop more satisfying bonds with animals in their lives. On this note, I would like to thank Dilmah, Filemon, Ina, Penny, Timmy, Snow and Stefan for their kind presence in my everyday life. Table of Contents Overview of the thesis .........................................................................................