The SDN, NFV & Network Virtualization Bible: 2015 – 2020 Opportunities, Challenges, Strategies & Forecasts Table of Contents 1 Chapter 1: Introduction ................................................................................... 20 1.1 Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 20 1.2 Topics Covered .............................................................................................................................................. 22 1.3 Forecast Segmentation ................................................................................................................................. 23 1.4 Key Questions Answered ............................................................................................................................... 25 1.5 Key Findings ................................................................................................................................................... 27 1.6 Methodology ................................................................................................................................................. 28 1.7 Target Audience ............................................................................................................................................ 29 1.8 Companies & Organizations Mentioned ....................................................................................................... 30 2 Chapter 2: An Overview of SDN, NFV & Network Virtualization ....................... 36 2.1 What is Network Virtualization? ................................................................................................................... 36 2.2 What is SDN (Software Defined Networking)? .............................................................................................. 37 2.3 SDN Protocols ................................................................................................................................................ 37 2.3.1 OpenFlow .......................................................................................................................................... 38 2.3.2 BGP-TE (Border Gateway Protocol - Traffic Engineering) ................................................................. 38 2.3.3 PCEP (Path Computation Element Protocol) ..................................................................................... 39 2.3.4 I2RS (Interface to the Routing System) ............................................................................................. 39 2.3.5 VxLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN) ......................................................................................................... 40 2.3.6 ALTO (Application Layer Traffic Optimization) .................................................................................. 40 2.3.7 IETF Software Driven Networks ......................................................................................................... 40 2.4 SDN Implementation Approaches ................................................................................................................. 41 2.4.1 Network Virtualization Approach ...................................................................................................... 41 2.4.2 Evolutionary Approach ...................................................................................................................... 41 2.4.3 The “Central Control” Approach ....................................................................................................... 42 2.5 What is NFV (Network Functions Virtualization)? ......................................................................................... 43 2.6 NFV Enabling Technologies ........................................................................................................................... 44 2.6.1 Cloud Computing and Network Virtualization................................................................................... 44 2.6.2 Open Management and Control Protocols ....................................................................................... 44 .. Page 2 The SDN, NFV & Network Virtualization Bible: 2015 – 2020 Opportunities, Challenges, Strategies & Forecasts 2.6.3 Industry Standard High-Volume Servers ........................................................................................... 44 2.7 NFV Implementation Architecture ................................................................................................................ 45 2.7.1 NFVI (NFV Infrastructure) .................................................................................................................. 45 2.7.1.1 Hardware Resources ..................................................................................................................................... 45 2.7.1.2 Virtualized Resources .................................................................................................................................... 45 2.7.2 VNFs (Virtualized Network Functions)............................................................................................... 46 2.7.3 NFV-MANO (NFV-Management and Orchestration) ......................................................................... 46 2.7.3.1 VIM (Virtualized Infrastructure Manager) ..................................................................................................... 46 2.7.3.2 Orchestrator.................................................................................................................................................. 46 2.7.3.3 VNF Manager ................................................................................................................................................ 47 2.8 How SDN and NFV Differ from Each Other ................................................................................................... 48 2.8.1 Similarities and Differences ............................................................................................................... 48 2.8.2 Can Both Technologies Complement Each Other? ............................................................................ 49 2.8.3 How Are Vendors Positioning their Solutions?.................................................................................. 49 2.9 Market Drivers............................................................................................................................................... 50 2.9.1 Leveraging Generic Low-cost Hardware ............................................................................................ 50 2.9.2 Multi-tenancy on Same Hardware .................................................................................................... 50 2.9.3 Reduced Power Consumption ........................................................................................................... 50 2.9.4 Faster TTM (Time to Market) ............................................................................................................ 50 2.9.5 Improved Operational Efficiency & Performance ............................................................................. 51 2.9.6 Centralized Provisioning and Network Control ................................................................................. 51 2.9.7 Ability to Launch New Services & Virtual Networks Quickly ............................................................. 51 2.9.8 Dynamic Scaling of Services............................................................................................................... 52 2.9.9 Opening the Door to Multi-vendor Interoperability ......................................................................... 52 2.9.10 CapEx and OpEx Reduction ............................................................................................................... 52 2.9.11 Fast Troubleshooting and Improved Diagnostics .............................................................................. 52 2.9.12 Vendor Support ................................................................................................................................. 52 2.10 Market Barriers .......................................................................................................................................... 53 2.10.1 Lack of Standardization & Technology Maturity ............................................................................... 53 2.10.2 Uncertain Cost-Benefits Tradeoffs .................................................................................................... 53 2.10.3 NFV May Slow/Delay Traffic .............................................................................................................. 53 .. Page 3 The SDN, NFV & Network Virtualization Bible: 2015 – 2020 Opportunities, Challenges, Strategies & Forecasts 2.10.4 Will Multi-vendor Interoperability Really Work? .............................................................................. 54 2.10.5 Co-Existence with Legacy Networks: Integration Challenges ............................................................ 54 3 Chapter 3: SDN/NFV Use Case Scenarios .......................................................... 55 3.1 Enterprise, Data Center & Generic Use Cases ............................................................................................... 55 3.1.1 Network Virtualization .....................................................................................................................