\ Academy of Sciences of Afghanistan Social Sciences International Center for Koshan Studies Topic's Brief International Seminar for Koshan Studies Editor: Seminar Publishing Committee Under the Control of: President ofKoshaies Nazar Mohammad "Azizi" The Massage of the President of Academy of sciences of Afghanistan, in related to the eight international Seminar about Koshanies Dear Presents. Professors, Researchers, Learned, Historians and esteemed guests. I have the honor to offer my heartily respects for all sisters and brothers participated in the eight international seminar of Koshanies, which started by international center of Koshan studies. Our be love country Afghanistan is the witness and place of meeting the great humanitarian civilization, which composed and mixed in our ancient history. The every leaf of our history is full of bloody struggle between patriotic and aggressors, which in the end our proud nation has defended from their history civilization and territory. Koshanies civilization in the first AD century until second AD century which involved oral, Khuten, Kashgar, Brahma, Potra, Skit, eastern Flat of Iran. The above said places are one the golden pages of our civilize history and makes greatness of Afghanistan. The out standing researchers of the world engaged in this field. Joining international Center for Koshan studies in the frame of Academy of Sciences of Afghanistan by the help of UNESCO in 1361 was very necessary. A It provided the scientific research on this bright historical period that is part of fruitful history of civilization of this region. Afghanistan is the main place of this great civilization. International Center for Koshan studies from the beginning of the establishing after 1970 in continuation scientific seminar in London, Dushanbe seven times started. But some imposed war was the big obstacle of development of the country. After ending of the holy war, in the period of the Islamic transitional government. Afghanistan succeeded to organize the eight Seminars of Koshanies. We hope that the internal and external investigator that they prepared scientific articles and useful subjects would be very interesting and for better description of this great civilization, and a useful topic for the entire participant. Hoping success for all of you. Sincerely: Prof. Abdul Bari Rashed President of Academy of Sciences of Afghanistan. A A brief report of Activities of International Center For Kushan Studies International Center for the Kushan Studies from the beginning of its establishment invariably has made endeavor to study and elucidate the Ancient civilization of Central Asia in view of language, religion, philosophy, beliefs, culture and art. To this end, and share information with the foreign scholars this Center has organized grand international seminars every four years which the current international seminar is the eight one after a long interruption. Convening such significant seminars helping scholars in solving some controversial issues concerning Kashan Empire But most regretfully , as a result of more than one decade imposed war , civil conflict , chaos and instabilities in our system a long interruption came to our systematic studies and researches. This catastrophe not only allowed us to hold such a seminar but all the activities of this important Center hindered even its formation structure was made considerably decreased. This Center was established on the base of resolution of UNESCO but we did not receive any assistant from them since the beginning of disaster even after establishm~nt of new system in Afghanistan which was recognized by most countries of the world. However, we tried to win assistant and contribution from UNESCO but they turned down our proposal and told us we no more deal with Asia Studies and also we excluded such Centers from our framework. !.:. 1 After the administration< in Afgha:llistan. ' .. ' re;.lesnmn ..; ............... "' ....... of this Center and fortUnately Excellency Hamid Karzaibim self attends in a grand function was .•· -·· Academe of Sciences and by cutting ribbon re-open International ~~11ter for Kushan Studies and since then the scholars and researcher of this C~ter . ~ . .~:~,l~:-.~:;;;::·: spared no effort in the area of studies and research on Kushan dyn8St)r history and has reached to a desirable results. All the activities and achievement of International Center for Kushan Studies from the beginning of re-opening are as follows: The first issue of second term ofTaqiqat-e- Kusani Review containing the messages of His Excellency Hamed Karzai ,Dr S , M , Raheen minister of ministry of Information and Culture and Pro.A.B.Rashed president for Academy of Sciences as well as useful articles released in 2002.At1d the extraordinary issue ofTaqiqat-e-Kushani on the occasion of current · International Seminar came out Robatak inscription which was read by Nicholas Sims-William shed new light on the dynasty of Kusanids of Afghanistan and the Kusan Center for more lucidity of inscription and its relation with lord of Kushan Empire in the era of Kanishka Nicator published a dissertation entitled Robatac Inscription Next important discovery after Robatak Inscription was Safedak Bactrian Inscription from Y akolang district of Bamyan which shed new light on history of Buddhism in Afghanistan and it appeared from this Bactrian inscription that a certain famous kings ofBami (Zamangana) for respect of Buddha built a Stupa and curved this ihscription also the name of Khorzheek has mentioned. Tape shotere Hada book which was written by Mr Azizi recently published and is going to be put to the access of all interested people during the seminar 2 . ' . ~;,~;;:?~~;t:~,!~·t!·;t<\: . · ·{,~'\;.. ;,')::;.:) · ·,;~: .:.;'~1i<''t,.iJ:,;~~~.J~.•.. :~::·_ ·· . ':.'s·,{ .. -, ·' . ·.·~<}\:fi.l\no.ther vast,dis<;overies~e ariCi~1·W~ite~·gfpnr-country itfp~culatin •• q • • _5_-~·: · -. ... ::, ~ .. __ <-:~:'···:.l>~:'::1~~r .: · ·;',~~;-?;t;G~~r-:·;?:"··~~{:::;~~-:-·':·~>·'>::. .: <.-)7.·\_ and south of Parpamizad up to southern border of our country like Kharware .· Lagar. All these sites are the scope of dorirination of great and small Kushan dynasty. Following the studies of some pottery shreds discovered from the area by researcher of International Center for Kushan Studies dated back to fifth and sixth century AD also we can observe numerous stupas, temples and other structures in this area which are at the serious danger of clandestine digging and looting The member of International Center for Kushan Studies has maintained good relation with the Department of Archaeology of Faculty of Social Sciences · of Kabul University through giving lectures for different classes and exchanging views on particular Archaeological issues Taking into consideration the aforesaid matters I state my proposals as follows: • UNESCO is kindly requested to resume its contribution to the International Center for Kushan Studies as before • For the study and re-establishment of Silk Route, we ask World Bank, UNESCO and ICOMS to assist the International Center for Kushan Studies. • We kindly ask Islamic State of Afghanistan in particular the ministry of information and culture to pave the way for field works • Whenever Seminars ,symposium or conferences on Afghanistan's ancient history particularly, on 1st to ih century AD in foreign countries is holding ,scientific member of International Center for Kushan Studies will be invited 3 By. Prof. Sarwar Hamayon Pressed of the article Abstract of the article Religious During the kishans period In the period that Koshans formed an imperial only three regular government was in all over world: Rome in the weast land China in the farthest east and government of u Ashkany. Although the government of k~shans was a land locked government since commercial jugular veins of east, weast, north and south of these world authorited by koshans and the commercial road of silk passed from its territories was one of 400 years super power in the first AD period one of the out standing auditor of koshanies was freedom of religion and judgement in the area of their authority. The speciality that haven't had similarity in that area was their religious politics which not only reflection in Robatak and sorkh kotal inscription but even on famous coin such as Iranian Roman, Indian have been seen. In inscription of Robatak this specialization incarnated in special manner, in my opinion this religious of kanishka and others koshans kings was the reason of popularity and stability of their government. Greek writing besides national languages of koshans period which is read from inscription of Robatak Arei yes only itself can be their political and social wide vision, Although koshans oficially accepted Budhas religion for example kanishka got more success in propagation of Budha religion but other religion also appeared. One of the koshans kings vasodiva 'Jt.J--"'J as obvious from his name Indian religion. The author tried to put enough light on the religios politics of koshans period. c By. A. Hakim Safi Role of Koshanies in the Development of Aryan Culture in the conquered territories. From the studying of historical documents we can say that our beloved country from ancient time was a developed country. Having special geographical, geopolitical location was the confluence point of different civilization and important passage for conqueror of a country and door to reach to India. Having such location that has not any way to the sea and rivers gave a particular