DEVELOPMENT OF A DRAFT UPDATED INTEGRATED COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT PLAN AND AMENDMENT OF THE COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT ACT AND PREPARATION OF CZM REGULATIONS INCORPORATING DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION PRINCIPLES. Draft Policy Paper (Deliverable 6) (incorporating Deliverables 3 and 4) 12 October 2019 PREPARED FOR: FUNDED BY: PREPARED BY: Raúl Medina, Project Manager. Jonathan McCue, Team Leader. María Merino, ICZM Expert. Germán Aragón, support specialist. Heather Barker, Communication Specialist. Ignacio Aguirre, GIS/DRM Expert Sir Trevor Carmichael, (Chancery Chambers). Revision Date Status Comments Reviewed Approved For CZMU A 12/10/2019 Draft Internal Review Includes Workshop 2 meeting B 31/10/2019 Final feedback and Client Comments DEVELOPMENT OF A DRAFT UPDATED ICZM PLAN, AMENDMENT OF THE CZM ACT AND PREPARATION OF CZM REGULATIONS INCORPORATING DRM AND CCA PRINCIPLES INDEX Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................. A 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Purpose of this Report .................................................................................................................. 1 1.2. Setting the Scene for this Policy Paper ......................................................................................... 2 1.2.1. Coastal Hazards, Risks and Vulnerabilities ............................................................................ 2 1.2.2. Changing Values and Behaviours .......................................................................................... 3 1.2.3. Prescriptive v Non Prescriptive Policies ................................................................................ 7 1.2.4. Plan Development v Plan led Decision making ..................................................................... 9 2. Identification of Bottlenecks within the ICZM Planning System ....................................................... 12 2.1. Findings from the Baseline Knowledge Report (June 2019) ...................................................... 12 2.1.1. Speed of ICZM Plan Promotion and Consultation ............................................................... 12 2.1.2. Plan Flexibility ...................................................................................................................... 12 2.1.3. Lack of Consistency in Plan Content (Atlantic and Caribbean Coast Plans) ........................ 12 2.1.4. No Acceptance of the Coastal Management Area limits .................................................... 13 2.1.5. ICZM Plan that poorly considers Emerging Issues ............................................................... 13 2.1.6. Set back Definitions and Challenges over defining Mean High Water ................................ 13 2.1.7. Missing or incomplete Sector Statements, Strategies and Financial Budgeting Plans ....... 14 2.1.8. Limited Guidance to address Emergency (Critical) Situations ............................................ 14 2.1.9. Poor Clarity regarding landowner rights ............................................................................. 14 2.1.10. No Formal EIA Guideline or Standard for developments within the CZMA ................... 15 2.2. Developing Indicative Actions to Address Bottlenecks .............................................................. 15 3. Analysis of National Legislation and Regulations .............................................................................. 20 3.1. Coastal Zone Management and Ocean Governance .................................................................. 20 3.1.1. Coastal Zone Management Act No. 394 (1998) .................................................................. 20 3.1.2. Marine Pollution Control Act (1998) ................................................................................... 24 3.1.3. Barbados Territorial Waters Act 1977 (1977-26) ................................................................ 24 3.1.4. Marine Boundaries and Jurisdiction Act 1979 (cap. 387).................................................... 25 3.1.5. Marine Areas (Preservation and Enhancement) Act (1976) ............................................... 25 3.1.6. Marine Areas (Preservation and Enhancement – Barbados Marine Reserve Regulations - 1981) .............................................................................................................................................. 25 3.1.7. Shipping (Oil Pollution) Act (1994) ...................................................................................... 26 - I - DEVELOPMENT OF A DRAFT UPDATED ICZM PLAN, AMENDMENT OF THE CZM ACT AND PREPARATION OF CZM REGULATIONS INCORPORATING DRM AND CCA PRINCIPLES 3.1.8. Recreational Diving Operations Regulations (1998) ........................................................... 26 3.1.9. Shipping (Watersports) Regulations (2004) ........................................................................ 26 3.2. Disaster Risk Management and Climate Change........................................................................ 27 3.2.1. Emergency Management Act (2006) ................................................................................... 27 3.2.2. Emergency Powers Act, Cap. 161 (2006-20) Commencement 19 March 1939 .................. 27 3.2.3. Prevention of Floods Act (1951) .......................................................................................... 28 3.3. Environmental Protection .......................................................................................................... 28 3.3.1. Draft Environmental Management Act ............................................................................... 28 3.3.2. Fisheries Act (1993 cap. 39) ................................................................................................ 29 3.3.3. Fisheries (Management) Regulations (1998) ...................................................................... 29 3.3.4. National Conservation Commission Act (1982 cap 393) ..................................................... 30 3.3.5. Protection of New Plant Varieties Act (2000-17) ................................................................ 30 3.3.6. The Cultivation of Trees Act (cap.390) ................................................................................ 31 3.3.7. Wild Birds Protection Act 1907 (cap. 398) (WBPA) ............................................................. 31 3.3.8. The Trees (Preservation) Act (cap.397) ............................................................................... 31 3.3.9. Soil Conservation (Scotland District) Act (1998) ................................................................. 31 3.3.10. Plant Pest and Disease Act: 1985, cap. 266A ................................................................. 32 3.4. Land Use and Terrestrial Planning .............................................................................................. 32 3.4.1. Planning and Development Act, 2018 ................................................................................. 32 3.4.2. Underground Water Control Act (1953) ............................................................................. 34 3.4.3. Barbados Water Authority Act (1980) ................................................................................. 34 3.4.4. Land Boundaries Act: 1980, cap. 228B ................................................................................ 34 3.4.5. Land Acquisition Act (cap. 228 1985) .................................................................................. 35 3.4.6. Irrigation Act (cap 263 1966-67).......................................................................................... 35 3.4.7. Tourism Development Act, Cap. 341 (2002) ....................................................................... 35 3.4.8. Occupational Health and Safety at Work Act (2005) Cap. 356 ........................................... 35 3.4.9. Open Beaches Bill (2018) ..................................................................................................... 36 3.5. Section Findings and Discussion Points ...................................................................................... 36 3.5.1. Findings ............................................................................................................................... 36 3.5.2. Discussion Points ................................................................................................................. 38 4. Analysis of International Agreements ............................................................................................... 39 4.1. Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 39 - II - DEVELOPMENT OF A DRAFT UPDATED ICZM PLAN, AMENDMENT OF THE CZM ACT AND PREPARATION OF CZM REGULATIONS INCORPORATING DRM AND CCA PRINCIPLES 4.2. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) ..................................................................................... 41 4.3 Discussion Points ...................................................................................................................... 41 5. Institutional Arrangements ............................................................................................................... 42 5.1.