Rural tourism and local food and drink Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Annexes to the final report 15 February 2016 This page is intentionally blank Rural tourism and local food and drink - draft final report Rural tourism and local food and drink Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Annexes to the final report A report submitted by ICF Consulting Services Date: 15 February 2016 Job Number 30300448 Andy White Senior Consultant 01752 502562 [email protected] ICF Consulting Services Limited Watling House 33 Cannon Street London EC4M 5SB T +44 (0)20 3096 4800 F +44 (0)20 3368 6960 www.icfi.com Rural tourism and local food and drink - draft final report Document Control Document Title Rural tourism and local food and drink – Annexes to the final report Job No. 30300448 Prepared by Andy White Checked by Matt Rayment Date 15 February 2016 This report is the copyright of Defra and has been prepared by ICF Consulting Services Ltd under contract to Defra. The contents of this report may not be reproduced in whole or in part, nor passed to any other organisation or person without the specific prior written permission of Defra. ICF has used reasonable skill and care in checking the accuracy and completeness of information supplied by the client or third parties in the course of this project under which the report was produced. ICF is however unable to warrant either the accuracy or completeness of such information supplied by the client or third parties, nor that it is fit for any purpose. ICF does not accept responsibility for any legal, commercial or other consequences that may arise directly or indirectly as a result of the use by ICF of inaccurate or incomplete information supplied by the client or third parties in the course of this project or its inclusion in this project or its inclusion in this report. This work contains statistical data from ONS which is Crown Copyright. The use of the ONS statistical data in this work does not imply the endorsement of the ONS in relation to the interpretation or analysis of the statistical data. This work uses research datasets which may not exactly reproduce National Statistics aggregates. v1 July 2015 i Rural tourism and local food and drink - draft final report Contents Annex 1 Rapid evidence assessment ....................................................................... 3 Annex 2 State of the market report....................................................................... 53 Annex 3 Case studies ........................................................................................... 109 Annex 4 Write-ups of the stakeholder workshops ................................................ 148 Annex 5 References ............................................................................................. 187 v1 July 2015 2 Rural tourism and local food and drink - draft final report Annex 1 Rapid evidence assessment A1.1 Introduction The aim of the rapid evidence assessment (REA) is to better understand the type and nature of economic effects associated with tourist destinations having a well-defined local food and drink offer. The review covered literature on the economic benefits to rural areas of localised food and drink offers within tourism food and drink destinations, and wider literature on links between food and tourism in order to assess the range of linkages and models and their economic effects. The REA also addressed the following questions: ■ What are the barriers to increased benefits of local food and drink faced by rural tourism destinations? ■ What are the opportunities related to local food and drink? ■ Are these opportunities limited to small businesses (e.g. local pubs)? Can larger businesses also play a role (e.g. supermarkets, pub chains in rural areas selling local food and drink)? ■ Are there any examples (UK/EU) of policy interventions in support of localised food and drink in tourism destinations? A detailed list of the study objectives and research questions addressed by the REA and by other stages of this project is provided in Table A1.1. The table illustrates the project stages that will address the different study objectives, including the REA. This REA report is structured as follows: ■ The methodology and the main study definitions are summarised in Section A1.2. ■ The results of the REA and links with the objectives and research questions are presented in Section A1.3. ■ Example of the multiplier effect from UK and international literature are presented in A1.4 ■ Examples of businesses that provide a local food and drink offer are included in A1.5. ■ An initial list of case studies identified through the REA and discussions with Defra at the inception phase is provided in A1.6. ■ Examples of operational definitions of ‘local’ identified through the REA are listed in A1.7. ■ The list of references used for the REA is in A1.8. v1 July 2015 3 Rural tourism and local food and drink - draft final report Table A1.1 Study objectives and research questions Stages Study objectives Research questions Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 REA Data Qualitative Stakeholder review research engagement 1. Review existing evidence of the relationship ■ What is the relationship between local food/drink and tourism? between local food/drink and tourism to provide a ■ What is the evidence on the economic benefits or disbenefits of a more clear evidence based statement on the economic localised food and drink offer to the rural economy? benefits or disbenefits of a more localised food ■ What is the evidence of local multiplier effects (i.e. the number of times and drink offer to the rural economy and whether money flowing into a local economy passes between different entities within this displaces other benefits, on a before and after that local economy before dissipating into a wider ‘national’ economy)? basis. ■ What is the evidence of leakage and displacement effects? 2. Provide a comparison between the outcomes for a ■ How do the outcomes for a rural tourism destination which has a more rural tourism destination which has a more developed local food and drink offer compare against the outcomes for one developed local food and drink offer against the with a less developed local food and drink offer? outcomes for one with a less developed local food and drink offer. 3. Provide an up to date review of the local food and ■ What is the extent of local food/drink related tourism activity in England? drink market in rural tourism destinations. ■ What is the potential scale and impact of local food/drink economies within the tourism sector? 4. Identify the issues, challenges and opportunities ■ What are the opportunities to increase the local food and drink offer in rural to increase localised food and drink offerings in tourism destinations? rural tourism destinations with discussion on the ■ Are these opportunities limited to small businesses? Can larger food and desirability of such an increase. drink businesses also play a role? ■ What are the barriers to increased benefits of local food and drink faced by rural tourism destinations? 5. Identify good practice and share learning gained ■ Are there examples of good practice and shared learning gained from from innovative businesses in the market place innovative businesses in the market place who are delivering localised food who are: (a) delivering localised food and drink and drink offerings in rural tourism destinations? offerings in rural tourism destinations or (b) ■ Are there examples of good practice and shared learning gained from helping to develop links with food and drink outlets innovative businesses in the market place who are helping to develop links to deliver localised produce. with food and drink outlets to deliver localised produce? v1 July 2015 4 Rural tourism and local food and drink - draft final report Stages Study objectives Research questions Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 REA Data Qualitative Stakeholder review research engagement 6. Consider future policy interventions to boost ■ Are there any existing examples (UK/EU) of policy interventions in support of localised food and drink in tourism destinations if localised food and drink in tourism destinations? that is found to be an economically beneficial ■ Which future policy interventions could boost localised food and drink in policy for rural economies. tourism destinations (if that is found to be an economically beneficial policy for rural economies)? 7. Identify suitable rural case study areas that are developing/ have developed their local food and drink/tourism offer, to inform future ‘what works’ research. v1 July 2015 5 Rural tourism and local food and drink - draft final report A1.2 Methodology and study definitions This section summarises the methodology adopted for the REA, including a summary of the criteria, sources and search terms used. The first step was the definition of a conceptual framework identifying the links between local food and drink and the tourism economy and potential benefits for rural areas. The framework informed the REA, and will also be used for the next stages of this project. This section also presents study definitions for local food and drink, rural areas, rural food and drink tourism destinations, and economic impacts of tourism on rural economies. A1.2.1 Overview of steps taken for the REA The methodology used for this REA follows Government guidance, including the REA toolkit developed by the Civil Service (Civil Service, n.d.) and guidance for evaluation by the Cabinet Office (Cabinet Office, 2011 and 2012). The steps to conduct an REA can be summarised as follows (Civil Service, n.d.): ■ Formulate the REA questions: This step involves the identification of the research questions that the REA aims to address. For this REA, research questions have been developed by the study team and agreed with Defra based on the objectives stated in the terms of reference for this study. Objectives and research questions are presented in Table A1.1. According to the Civil Service toolkit, REAs can address different types of question, including impact questions and non-impact questions.