LivaS: International Journal on Livable Space Vol. 03, No. 1, February 2018 : 13-22 ISSN : 2548-7515 (online) Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/livas.v3i1. 3868 ISSN : 2580-7552 (print) VIEWS ON THE MANIFESTATION OF LOCAL WISDOM (CASE: KAMPUNG NAGA, WEST JAVA) Agus Saladin1, Agus Budi Purnomo2, Sri Tundono3 1Architecture Department, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning, Trisakti University, Indonesia 2Architecture Department, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning, Trisakti University, Indonesia 3Architecture Department, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning, Trisakti University, Indonesia email: [email protected] Abstract using natural resources in order to provide The physical object of architecture is a benefits for lives, including the manifestation of thoughtful concept of the implementation of traditional architecture architect. Philosophically, in vernacular in Indonesia. The expression of traditional architecture, the concept of thoughts is being revealed in the form of local Sundanese architecture in terms of local wisdom. Kampung Naga, as one of the wisdom is a part of the implementation of vernacular villages in West Java, community's understanding of the maintains its traditional culture although settlement, which integrates knowledge of the inhabitants have undergone modern natural environment, cultural values, and thought. The modern era has developed needs for life (Saladin, 2006). However, immensely which could affect the decline this local wisdom is gradually being in preserving the local wisdom. To anticipate the decline, it is necessary to abandoned by the community as a make an effort to formulate the local consequence of the development of wisdom which is still existed. This paper architecture in Indonesia. This can be aims to explain the results of research in perceived through the development of Kampung Naga which focusing on new buildings that do not depict the local physical elements and accommodating wisdom of Sundanese architecture. the results of previous research concerning on local wisdom. Data and This study aims at revealing physical information as written materials were aspect of dwelling in Kampung Naga as a obtained through field survey, literature representation of local wisdom and review, and previous research studies. accomplishing it in the form of The results of the study show that local wisdom in Kampung Naga has an effect diagrammatic model as the theoretical on the aspects of life in terms of social implication of the study. Some interaction, land law, physical building researchers have previously conducted ideas and its spatial order. The paper will studies on Kampung Naga, such as be ended with the diagrammatic Hermawan (2014) whose study on the conceptual model of the aspects of the physical aspect confirms that the house in manifestation of local wisdom in Kampung Kampung Naga is a representation of Naga. ancestral values which is manifested Keywords: manifestation, local wisdom, through its form by taking the principle of Kampung Naga local natural environment into INTRODUCTION consideration. In addition to it, Purnama Local wisdom is the implementation of (2016) in his study reveals about the cultural values adopted by a community in physical characteristics of Kampung Naga and states that its physical condition is [13] LivaS: International Journal on Livable Space Agus Saladin located in the area of potential disaster as Naga area is the backbone of life, the such the spatial pattern of Kampung Naga pharmaceutical investment and the wealth is in a temporary circular pattern of flora and fauna which becomes the (concentric) whilst the settlement pattern physical and spiritual sustainability of local is in the field of flat ground. Pynkyawati et community. Meanwhile, in the context of al. (2014) in her findings affirms that the art sustainability, Astuti (2016) approves pattern of dwelling order in Kampung that the preservation of typical arts of Naga is linear with the structure of stone Kampung Naga has been fostering public foundation and Jolopong roof of wood awareness to preserve local arts; to frame construction. regenerate artists and to sustain the availability of art instruments. In terms of community characteristic, Furthermore, Yulistiani (2015) Ningrum (2012) in her study highlights that demonstrated that ecotourism in Kampung the dynamics of Kampung Naga Naga has a positive influence on community life are to be revealed in the environmental conservation and this has form of: 1) mandate, prohibition, and been thoroughly conducted by using consequence; 2) changes in technology, SPSS analysis. employment, income and ownership of facilities so that the recommended This research reveals the integrating development strategy is adaptive views on the manifestation of local innovation through the customary aspects. wisdom of Kampung Naga community. In relation to social interaction context, The diagrammatic conceptual model of Qodariah and Armiyati (2013) pinpoint that the local wisdom is developed as an effort the local wisdom of indigenous people of to improve the results of the study so that Kampung Naga is implemented in terms it will be scientifically and theoretically of leadership, social interaction, way of beneficial to the research community. life, environmental awareness, cooperation, consistency, creativity, independence, togetherness, simplicity, METHOD and responsibility. In line with it, Prawiro This research uses field survey which is (2015) validates that the ritual of life cycle supported by literature review as well as is implemented through maternal the result of previous studies in relation to pregnancy, childbirth, circumcision, local wisdom in Kampung Naga. The data marriage, and prayer for the dead. The were gathered through literature study, ritual is derived from old Sundanese belief field observation, and interviews with key which has later been combined into informants. In this article, a descriptive Islamic belief. narration is used as a tool to describe the In terms of land law in Kampung Naga, real context focusing on physical context. Winardi (2010) has conducted study and The discussion about the content is confirms that the existence of customary supported by the result of previous land law often produces problems among research in order to formulate the holistic individuals and groups. The root of the diagrammatic conceptual model of local problem is merely on the dualism between wisdom in Kampung Naga. The national land law and customary land law diagrammatic model represents the logic that is sometimes generate opposite relationship among aspects that form the goals. Further, relating to sustainable logical concept of Kampung Naga environment content, Ramelan (2009) community. Referring to Ihalaw idea emphasizes that the forest in Kampung (2003) on how to build theoretical concept, [14] Vol. 03, No. 1, February 2018 : 13-22 Views On The Manifestation Of Local Wisdom (Case: Kampung Naga, West Java) the aspects of local wisdom in Kampung manifestation of a house is a determinant Naga were established based on the variable, while the aspects of climate, result of this study and others. The topography, geography and other aspects themes are connected to each other to of the environment are modified variables. form conceptual formulation. This However, from a number of variables that formulation is far from perfection, it is determine the embodiment of the house, therefore necessary to complete the result based on James J. Fox's study (1993), of this study by conducting further Roxana (1990), Reimar (2004) on research which has not been included in Austronesian vernacular houses, there are this article. aspects that demonstrate similarities and differences. Different aspects need to be viewed as 'local contain' (which is referred LITERATURE REVIEW to as a part of local wisdom) that Theoretically, to discuss Kampung Naga characterizes the uniqueness of particular as Kampung Adat (traditional village), is ethnic because of the culture and related to the discourse of vernacular and environment in which the community lives traditional architecture. Oliver (1997: xxi) is different. considers that vernacular architecture is Sartini (2004) philosophically expresses an architectural building that is about what local wisdom means. constructed without conscious volition. Terminologically speaking, local wisdom Tipnis (2012) argues that “...vernacular needs to be understood as local ideas that may be termed as something native and reflect the values of wisdom and are unique to a specific place, created without considered good to be implemented in the help of imported component and everyday life. Based on anthropological processes, and possibly built by the view, local wisdom is identified with local individuals who occupy that particular genius that reflects local identity that has place” (p.1, quoting Al Sayyad, 2006). unique character and unique ability. These Oliver emphasizes that all forms of unique abilities are characterized by: their vernacular (Latin=vernaculus=native) reliability in survival from outside cultural architecture are built to meet specific interventions; ability to accommodate, needs, accommodating the values, integrate, control and give direction and economies and ways of living of the cultural development. Local wisdom relies cultures that produce them. If such a way on a philosophy of values, ethics, ways is passed down from generation to and behaviors that are institutionalized in generation then it is referred