OPSIC-Project Operationalising Psychosocial Support in Crisis SEC-2012.4.1-2 HANDBOOK on MENTAL HEALTH AND PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT (MHPSS) PLANNING TOOLS Date: 17.01.2016 OPSIC, Handbook on MHPSS_Planning Tools January 2016 title Responsible Authors UIBK Barbara Juen Ruth Warger Sandra Nindl Heidi Siller Michael J. Lindenthal Elisabeth Huttner FFZG Dean Ajdukovic Helena Bakic AMC Miranda Olff Sigridur Thormar Co-Authors CRISMART Lindy Newlove-Eriksson IMPACT Michel Dückers Annelieke Drogendijk Magda Rooze MDA Tal Toledano Chaim Rafalowski PS Centre Nana Wiedemann Martha Margrethe Bird Cecilie Dinesen Louise Vinther-Larsen Louise Juul Hansen Andy Rebera, Ethics manager SAMUR Paloma C. Rey Paterna Teresa Pachecho Tabuenca Special Thanks to the rest of the OPSIC-Team for the input in workshops TNO Victor Kallen Joris Janssen Jan Brouwer Koen Hogenelst TAHZOO (former HINTECH, former TRIPITCH) Simon Schuur Thomas Falken Bertrand Weegenaar OPSIC, Handbook on MHPSS_Planning Tools January 2016 title CONTENTS CONTENTS ................................................................................................................................................................... 3 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................................... 5 The purpose of the Action Sheets ............................................................................................................................ 5 The Action Sheets are divided into four groups ................................................................................................ 6 The intended user groups and the Action Sheets that are most relevant to them .............................. 7 Steps to be taken in planning an intervention.................................................................................................... 7 How to use the Action Sheets in response ........................................................................................................... 8 PART I: MENTAL HEALTH AND PSYCHOSOCIAL ASPECTS TO BE CONSIDERED IN GENERAL DISASTER PLANNING ......................................................................................................................................... 10 Action Sheet Nr. 1: MHPSS Core Principles .....................................................................................................................11 Action Sheet Nr. 2: Ethical Aspects in Disaster Management.................................................................................16 Action Sheet Nr. 3: Protection Aspects in Disaster Management .........................................................................21 Action Sheet Nr. 4: Gender Aspects in Disaster Management ................................................................................25 Action Sheet Nr. 5: Cultural Aspects in Disaster Management ..............................................................................29 Action Sheet Nr. 6: Key Findings from the Evidence on Mental Health and Psychosocial Support ......31 Action Sheet Nr. 7: MHPSS Approach: The Strategic Stepped Model of Care .................................................33 MENTAL HEALTH AND PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT ASPECTS IN CRISIS MANAGEMENT .........................35 Action Sheet Nr. 8: Key MHPSS Aspects in General Crisis Management ............................................................35 Action Sheet Nr. 9: Key Principles in MHPSS Crisis Management ........................................................................37 MENTAL HEALTH AND PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT ASPECTS IN CRISIS COMMUNICATION ...................40 Action Sheet Nr. 10: Key MHPSS Aspects in Crisis Communication .....................................................................40 Action Sheet Nr. 11: Key Aspects to be considered in using Social Media .........................................................44 Action Sheet Nr. 12: Key Principles to be considered in using Social Media....................................................47 Action Sheet Nr. 13: Social Media in the Preparedness Phase ...............................................................................49 Action Sheet Nr. 14: Social Media in the Response Phase ........................................................................................51 RESEARCH AND EVALUATION IN MENTAL HEALTH AND PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT .............................53 Action Sheet Nr. 15: Research and Evaluation in MHPSS ........................................................................................53 Action Sheet Nr. 16: Long-term Research and Evaluation in MHPSS .................................................................56 PART II: DEVELOPING MENTAL HEALTH AND PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT POLICIES FOR DELIVERING GOOD PRACTICE ........................................................................................................................ 59 PHASE A: WHAT TO CONSIDER IN THE PREPAREDNESS PHASE IN RELATION TO MENTAL HEALTH AND PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT ............................................................................................................................................60 Action Sheet Nr. 17: General Principles for MHPSS in Disasters ...........................................................................61 Action Sheet Nr. 18: Key MHPSS Recommendations for Preparedness..............................................................64 PHASE B: WHAT TO CONSIDER IN PLANNING A MENTAL HEALTH AND PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT RESPONSE ........................................................................................................................................................................................68 Action Sheet Nr. 19: Key MHPSS Actions before Interventions begin .................................................................69 Action Sheet Nr. 20: Immediate MHPSS Response .......................................................................................................71 Action Sheet Nr. 21: Ongoing MHPSS Response ............................................................................................................74 Action Sheet Nr. 22: General Recommendations for MHPSS Response to Mass Emergencies .................76 Action Sheet Nr. 23: MHPSS Response Phase: If a Humanitarian Assistance Centre is established (I)78 Action Sheet Nr. 24: MHPSS Response Phase: If a Humanitarian Assistance Centre is established (II)80 Action Sheet Nr. 25: Psychological First Aid (PFA) .....................................................................................................82 Action Sheet Nr. 26: MHPSS: The Five Essential Elements .......................................................................................85 Action Sheet Nr. 27: Key Principles and Actions in providing MHPSS ................................................................87 3 OPSIC, Handbook on MHPSS_Planning Tools January 2016 title PHASE C: WHAT TO CONSIDER IN MENTAL HEALTH AND PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT IN THE RECOVERY PHASE AND IN THE LONG-TERM ............................................................................................................................................91 Action Sheet Nr.28: MHPSS in the Recovery Phase ......................................................................................................92 Action Sheet Nr.29: Long-term Consequences to be considered in MHPSS ......................................................96 PART III: SPECIFIC MENTAL HEALTH AND PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT RECOMMENDATIONS FOR TARGET GROUPS ........................................................................................................................................ 99 Action Sheet for Target Groups Nr. 30: MHPSS Policy Recommendations for Children and Adolescents in Disasters ........................................................................................................................................................ 100 Action Sheet for Target Groups Nr. 31: MHPSS Intervention Design for Children and Adolescents in Disasters ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 104 Action Sheet for Target Groups Nr. 32: MHPSS Practice with Children and Adolescents ...................... 108 Action Sheet for Target Groups Nr. 33: MHPSS Policy for Schools after School-related Disasters .... 113 Action Sheet for Target Groups Nr. 34: MHPSS Intervention Design for Schools after School-related Disasters ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 117 Action Sheet for Target Groups Nr. 35: Long-term Consequences to be considered in MHPSS for Children and Adolescents ..................................................................................................................................................... 121 Action Sheet for Target Groups Nr. 36: MHPSS Policy for Helpers ................................................................... 123 Action Sheet for Target Groups Nr. 37: MHPSS Policy for Volunteers ............................................................. 125 Action Sheet for Target Groups Nr. 38: MHPSS Intervention Design for Helpers: Peer Support Programmes 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